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871.
ABSTRACTStreet homelessness in the City of Tshwane was brought to public attention in the winter of 2014. This led to a composite research project involving different constituencies, including homeless people, to reflect on ways of addressing street homelessness in the city. This article serves as a conceptual and epistemological introduction to this collaborative research project entitled Pathways Out of Homelessness. The article argues for the use of a broad working definition of street homelessness that allows for complexities of homelessness to emerge, in order to discern diverse and appropriate alternatives. 相似文献
872.
Rutger de Graaf Author Vitae Rutger van der Brugge Author Vitae 《Technological Forecasting and Social Change》2010,77(8):1282-1291
Urban water systems have to deal with the impacts of climate change. In response, urban water managers in the city of Rotterdam developed a new water management strategy combining the renewal of water infrastructure with neighborhood revitalization projects. A key factor was the recognition that additional water retention in existing urban areas could only be realized if these projects were linked to urban renewal programs. Moreover, it was acknowledged that through new water retention infrastructure the quality of the social environment of deteriorated neighborhoods could be restored. The results from this historical analysis show that this turn in thinking initiated a successful water policy innovation in Rotterdam, in which the urban water policy is used to solve other urban problems as well by improving the quality of the public amenity. This paper presents key factors that contributed to this process and provides recommendations to further advance the transformation of urban water management infrastructure and the link with spatial planning. 相似文献
873.
According to empirical studies, speculators place significant orders in commodity markets and may cause bubbles and crashes. This paper develops a cobweb-like commodity market model that takes into account the behavior of technical and fundamental speculators. We show that interactions between consumers, producers and heterogeneous speculators may produce price dynamics which mimics the cyclical price motion of actual commodity markets, i.e., irregular switches between bullish and bearish price developments. Moreover, we find that the impact of speculators on price dynamics is non-trivial: depending on the market structure, speculative transactions may either be beneficial or harmful for market stability. 相似文献
874.
Adolfo Sachsida Mario Jorge Cardoso de Mendonça Paulo R. A. Loureiro Maria Bernadete Sarmiento Gutierrez 《Empirical Economics》2010,39(1):93-109
The objective of this study is to shed light on the determinants of criminality rates in Brazil. A panel data model was estimated
using Brazilian states’ data. Our main result suggests that income inequality plays an important role in the determination
of the crime rate. Furthermore, there are evidence suggesting that both unemployment and urbanization rates are positively
related to crime. Based on a GMM approach we find the existence of an “inertial effect” on criminality. Besides that, the
GMM results show that public security spending is effective in reducing criminality rates. Contrary to the common wisdom,
we could not find evidence that poverty increases violent crimes. Finally, we have evidence that income inequality Granger
causes crime, but not the reverse. 相似文献
875.
876.
877.
José A. Plaza-Úbeda Jerónimo de Burgos-Jiménez Eva Carmona-Moreno 《Journal of Business Ethics》2010,93(3):419-442
Stakeholder Theory combines the pursuance of business goals and responsibility toward a firm’s stakeholders. Despite the wealth
of research on Stakeholder Orientation, we still have much to learn about specific measurements for several related constructs.
In this study, we draw on two samples of 129 and 151 Spanish firms, respectively, to investigate CEOs’ perceptions on Stakeholder
Integration (SI), leading to the identification of three dimensions of the construct. In this respect, our study suggests
that Knowledge of Stakeholders, Interactions between a firm and its stakeholders, and the adaptation of a firm’s behavior
to stakeholders’ demands constitute the main dimensions of SI. This construct has the potential to connect the stakeholder
and strategy literatures. 相似文献
878.
Sébastien Mena Marieke de Leede Dorothée Baumann Nicky Black Sara Lindeman Lindsay McShane 《Journal of Business Ethics》2010,93(1):161-188
As corporations are going global, they are increasingly confronted with human rights challenges. As such, new ways to deal
with human rights challenges in corporate operations must be developed as traditional governance mechanisms are not always
able to tackle them. This article presents five different views on innovative solutions for the relationships between business
and human rights that all build on empowerment, dialogue and constructive engagement. The different approaches highlight an
emerging trend toward a more active role for corporations in the protection of human rights. The first examines the need for
enhanced dialogue between corporations and their stakeholders. The next three each examine a different facet of empowerment,
a critical factor for the respect and protection of human rights: empowerment of the poor, of communities, and of consumers.
The final one presents a case study of constructive corporate engagement in Myanmar (Burma). Altogether, these research projects
provide insight into the complex relationships between corporate operations and human rights, by highlighting the importance
of stakeholder dialogue and empowerment. All the five projects were presented during the Second Swiss Master Class in Corporate
Social Responsibility, held in Lausanne, Switzerland on December 12, 2008. The audience for this conference, which examined
business and human rights, was composed of researchers, governmental representatives, and business and non-governmental organization
practitioners. 相似文献
879.
We address a previous finding in the business ethics literature in which accounting professionals in higher rank levels, i.e.,
“manager” or “partner” of auditing firms, appear to have lower moral reasoning ability than their junior counterparts. Prior
investigations have relied upon a similar methodology for estimating ethical beliefs, namely testing “moral reasoning ability”
using either the Moral Judgment Interview or Defining Issues Test. In the present study, we use a multiple vignettes approach
to test for the existence of the inverse rank-ethical beliefs effect. With only 2 of the 30 vignettes resulting in both managers
and partners being more accepting of the ethically charged behaviors, the results presented here using this alternative methodology
are generally not supportive of the inverse rank-ethical beliefs phenomenon. We also use a multivariate analysis in order
to control for demographic characteristics. Our results suggest that the most robust predictor of ethical attitudes among
accounting practitioners is age, not rank within a firm. 相似文献
880.
Emerson Wagner Mainardes Maria José Silva Maria José Carvalho de Souza Domingues 《Service Business》2010,4(3-4):271-288
The main objective of this study was to present a proposal for a model explaining the construction of a new higher education course to be offered to the market. Having quite a limited theoretical basis and with few investigations dealing with innovation in educational services, a case study was made to help in construction of the model. The case study, supported by studies found and adaptation of innovation in services to the educational sector, made construction of the model possible, and this is divided in three stages: antecedents, development, and implementation of the new higher education course. The proposed model can be useful for managers of higher education institutes when they decide to put new courses on the market. As for the academic field, the study presented attempts to clarify the phenomenon, as well as showing the need for further research into the subject. 相似文献