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201.
The article reviews the debate on government spending multiplier and provides a detailed discussion of the underlying economic mechanisms, focusing on the role of the state of the business cycle and the monetary policy reaction. Special emphasis is on the effects of fiscal policy within a currency union and its implications for the euro crisis. 相似文献
202.
Empirical studies often derive that personal attitudes toward policy measures are dominated by ideology instead of narrow self‐interest. In the present field study we carried out a telephone survey with 1,003 respondents all over Austria. Instead of measuring selfishness indirectly by using more or less ‘objective indicators’ for self‐interest, we requested that respondents directly assess whether they expect to be affected by policy measures. Our results indicate that subjectively measured self‐interest explains attitudes toward economic policies at least as well as ideological conviction. In some cases ideology appears to determine whether people feel affected by a proposed policy measure. This supports the notion of a co‐incidence of self‐interest and moral arguments in low cost decisions. 相似文献
203.
Summary Capital and labour intensity in Austria's foreign trade is examined on the basis of the 1964 input-output table. Eight variants were calculated in which tourist industry, imported intermediate consumption, and extractive industries, as well as agriculture trade, and transport were variously included and excluded.Calculations are based on domestic capital and labour intensities, as is done in all similar studies. In 1964 capital and labour intensity in Austria's foreign trade was neutral. The inclusion of tourism and of extractive industries, agriculture et al. results in a higher relative capital intensity in Austrian exports. It follows from the calculations that the capital intensity of imports was definitely not higher than that of exports; a certain proponderance of higher imports was identified in the case of human capital. 相似文献
204.
Gerhard Kling 《Empirica》2006,33(5):315-328
This paper measures the market response triggered by merger announcements in an environment without regulations and without a strong separation of ownership and control in Germany. Based on event study methods applied to daily data and regression analyses, I evaluate whether the merger paradox existed, and how firm size, the way of financing a merger, and industry factors influenced the success of acquirers. Hence, my study can shed some light on commonly believed explanations for the bad performance of mergers. The whole portfolio of acquirers exhibited positive cumulated abnormal returns, which indicates a rejection of the merger paradox—but market values of some companies declined. Particularly, acquiring banks lost shareholder value, although the majority of mergers occurred in the banking industry. Caused by the new exchange law, banks were in a merger wave. Therefore, alternative explanations like the minimax-regret principle might explain why banks merged in spite of lacking success. 相似文献
205.
This paper attempts to document the contributions of Austrian economists to the development of economics. To this purpose we investigated the publications in international economics journals as well as citations of Austrian economists in the period from 1980 to 1989. Our results show only a very limited presence of Austrian economists in the ongoing scientific discussions, with marked differences between university departments.
We are greatly indebted to R. Niegl (Universitätsbibliothek Wien), D. Spenger (University of Regensburg), and H. Wurm (University of Vienna) for compiling and processing the data.The circulation of earlier drafts as well as the presentation of our study at WIFO and IHS has aroused various responses, comments, and suggestions, most of them very interesting and stimulating, but too numerous to thank each of our colleagues individually. We feel, however, especially indebted to Gunther Tichy and Alexander Van der Bellen for their extensive written comments. Finally, we would like to thank three anonymous referees and the editor for valuable suggestions. 相似文献
Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Arbeit versucht, den Beitrag österreichischer Universitäts- und Forschungsinstitute zur internationalen Forschung in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften anhand von Publikationen und Zitationen für den Zeitraum 1980 bis 1989 quantitativ zu erfassen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß österreichische Ökonomen in internationalen, besonders in anglo-amerikanischen Zeitschriften wenig präsent sind, wobei erhebliche Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Universitätsinstituten bestehen.
We are greatly indebted to R. Niegl (Universitätsbibliothek Wien), D. Spenger (University of Regensburg), and H. Wurm (University of Vienna) for compiling and processing the data.The circulation of earlier drafts as well as the presentation of our study at WIFO and IHS has aroused various responses, comments, and suggestions, most of them very interesting and stimulating, but too numerous to thank each of our colleagues individually. We feel, however, especially indebted to Gunther Tichy and Alexander Van der Bellen for their extensive written comments. Finally, we would like to thank three anonymous referees and the editor for valuable suggestions. 相似文献
206.
Gerhard Clemenz 《Empirica》1986,13(2):203-219
Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Arbeitsmarkt untersucht, in dem Arbeiter unterschiedliche Fähigkeiten aufweisen, die sie selbst, nicht aber potentielle Arbeitgeber kennen. Fähigere Arbeiter haben einen höheren Reservationslohn als weniger fähige. Wenn Unternehmer die wahren Fähigkeiten jedes einzelnen Beschäftigten auch im Laufe seiner Tätigkeit nicht feststellen können, so kann ein Gleichgewicht mit unfreiwilliger Arbeitslosigkeit existieren. Es wird gezeigt, daß bei kostspieliger und fehlerhafter Ex-post-Bewertung der Fähigkeiten die Möglichkeit unfreiwilliger Arbeitslosigkeit von der Wahl des Gleichgewichtskonzepts abhängt: Ein Nash-Gleichgewicht mit unfreiwilliger Arbeitslosigkeit existiert nicht, wohl aber ein Riley-Gleichgewicht.
This research was started and most of it completed while I was visiting the Sonderforschungsbereich 303 at the University of Bonn. Financial support of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft is gratefully acknowledged. I wish to thank M. Hellwig for stimulating discussions as well as H. Duda, M. Nermuth, K. Podzceck, and a referee for helpful comments on an earlier draft, without, of course, implying that they bear any responsibility for the shortcomings of this paper. 相似文献
This research was started and most of it completed while I was visiting the Sonderforschungsbereich 303 at the University of Bonn. Financial support of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft is gratefully acknowledged. I wish to thank M. Hellwig for stimulating discussions as well as H. Duda, M. Nermuth, K. Podzceck, and a referee for helpful comments on an earlier draft, without, of course, implying that they bear any responsibility for the shortcomings of this paper. 相似文献
207.
Summary This paper analyzes the private demand for energy (coal, heating oil, natural gas and electricity) for the period 1958–1974, using yearly data.The energy demand of private households is supposed to be dependent on household incomes, prices of the respective energy sources and yearly temperature levels. The special aim of this paper is to get hold of the influence of the relative prices of the 11 sub-groups of private consumption. The impact of these relativ prices is analyzed through the method of principal components, where upon the first three principal components are introduced as additional independent variables into the regression.Although the principal components do not have any interpretation beyond that of an index, the fit of the estimated demand questions has been improved and the elasticities are more close to the expected values. 相似文献
208.
209.
Gerhard Merk 《Journal of Economics》1958,18(1-2):174-179
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
210.
Gerhard Tintner 《Journal of Economics》1957,17(2-3):262-282
Ohne ZusammenfassungVortrag, gehalten am 7. Juni 1957 in der Nationalökonomischen Gesellschaft in Wien. 相似文献