自然经济体系、食物链与禽鸟病毒传染

本文在自然经济的基础上,创建并论证了由草木、禽鸟和细菌组成的食物链及其微观和宏观经济影响.并将其应用于分析当前由H5N1类型病毒传染引起的禽鸟死亡现象可知:第一,具有双向前级让渡(级中投入)交换优势的自然市场短暂性的失去了平衡;第二,超级"自然王国"已经为全部生物种群按其信息与其适应性作出了持续性反应,以克服负面冲击;第三,生物种群的进化将跃上一个新的高度.     

Der soziale Überschuß und das Problem der externen Renteneffekte

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

I. Allgemeine wirstchaftslehre

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Optimal price and advertising policy for new products

Extending a model originally proposed by Bass, a “diffusion model” is developed that allows us to investigate the effects of certain price and advertising strategies during and after the introduction of new products by means of numerical computer simulation. The distinction between “innovators” and “imitators” forms the core of the model. A wide variety of implications for marketing strategies is derived.     

Problem einer synthetischen Betrachtung der Produktionsfunktion

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 5 TextabbildungenVortrag, 5. Februar 1964, Technische Hochschule Hannover.     

On the different “worlds” of intra-organizational knowledge management: Understanding idiosyncratic variation in MNC cross-site knowledge-sharing practices

This qualitative field study investigated cross-site knowledge sharing in a small sample of multinational corporations in three different MNC business contexts (global, multidomestic, transnational). The results disclose heterogeneous “worlds” of MNC knowledge sharing, ultimately raising the question as to whether the whole concept of MNC knowledge sharing covers a sufficiently unitary phenomenon to be meaningful. We derive a non-exhaustive typology of MNC knowledge-sharing practices: self-organizing knowledge sharing, technocratic knowledge sharing, and best practice knowledge sharing. Despite its limitations, this typology helps to elucidate a number of issues, including the latent conflict between two disparate theories of MNC knowledge sharing, namely “sender–receiver” and “social learning” theories (Noorderhaven & Harzing, 2009). More generally, we develop the term “knowledge contextualization” to highlight the way that firm-specific organizational features pre-define which knowledge is considered to be of special relevance for intra-organizational sharing.     

Job machine,think tank,or both: what makes corporate spin-offs different?

One way through which knowledge and technology transfer can take place is through the foundation of new firms by former employees of incumbent private firms. In this paper, we examine whether knowledge transferred from the incumbent causally affect employment growth and post-entry innovation activities of the new firm. We focus on start-ups for which a new idea (a new product, technology, production process, or management concept), which the founder developed during her work as an employee, was essential for setting up the new business. These firms are denoted corporate spin-offs. Using data from German start-ups founded in the period from 2005 to 2008, we apply nearest-neighbour propensity score matching. We find that corporate spin-offs outperform other start-ups founded by former employees of incumbent private firms that are not based on an essential idea in terms of post-entry innovation activities. However, we cannot show that corporate spin-offs benefit from the transferred idea in terms of employment growth. We conclude that a transferred idea is primarily an input factor and a stimulus for subsequent post-entry innovation activities of corporate spin-offs.