我国科技型中小企业知识产权与其经营业绩间关系的实证分析

以2009—2012年我国创业板的科技型中小上市企业为研究样本,通过线性回归分析,实证研究了有效专利权数量和商标权数量与企业后续经营业绩的相关关系。研究结果显示:有效专利权数与企业后续经营业绩显著正相关,但回归系数较低,说明有效专利权数在提高企业经营业绩方面的作用有限;有效商标权数与企业后续经营业绩不显著相关。     

英夫利西单抗治疗克罗恩病的药物经济学评价研究综述

通过文献综述,了解英夫利西单抗与其他药物在治疗克罗恩病方面的药物经济学评价结果,已有的文献结果显示英夫利西单抗在儿童患者中,相较于传统药物具有较好的成本-效果优势;与传统药物硫唑嘌呤(AZA)联合治疗后,比英夫利西单抗单用获得更好的疗效,同时,也能获得了较好的增量成本-效果比。     

文学与外语教学

随着外语教学改革的逐步深入,外语教学中注重学生能力的培养已蔚然成风。在此情况下,学生们的听、说、读、写等各种外语技能技巧确有很大的提高。但同时我们也应看到,他们真正的交际能力却很差,除了一些简单的应答之外,几乎不能用外语与外国人深入讨论问题。其中丰要的原因是：我们在外语教学中只注意到各种技能技巧的训练,而忽视了环境与文化知识的作用。     

学习、环境与在孵企业创造力:网络边界视角

网络化边界为创业模式与情境要素变革背景下的组织学习效力分析提供了更具时效性的研究视角。在孵企业为上述视角的落地,进而还原复杂情境下多维组织学习方式对企业价值创造活动的协同作用过程提供了丰富的实证脚本。基于235家企业的实证结果显示：内外部学习不仅能单独提升在孵企业创造力,还具有协同促进效应,而该过程会受到内外部环境的共同调节作用。孵化网络异质性越低、环境动态性越强,在孵企业内部学习与创造力间的正向关系越强;孵化网络异质性越高、环境动态性越弱,在孵企业外部学习与创造力间的正向关系越强。进一步对内外部学习协同效应进行调节作用检验,发现只有当孵化网络异质性低或是环境动态性弱时,才有利于发挥在孵企业内部学习与外部学习对创造力的协同促进作用。研究结论为组织学习、环境要素与创业孵化理论融合提供了较为完整的研究框架,并为创业企业学习战略与孵育机制设计提供了更具靶向性的决策依据。     

众筹平台对创业融资的影响:前沿研究述评与未来展望

关于众筹平台对创业融资的影响,国内外研究主要集中在同一平台内不同项目之间的特征差异方面,即平台内特征分析,且研究结论并不统一;相较之下,关于不同平台之间的特征差异,即平台间特征,现在才开始受到重视。通过对众筹平台与创业融资前沿研究的系统梳理,一方面针对众筹平台内特征,从资金筹措和资金回报两个层面阐释了影响创业融资成功的关键因素,涉及项目特征、创业者特征、投资者互动等;另一方面,针对众筹平台间特征,从平台类型、平台机制、融资渠道3个层面阐释了影响创业融资成功的关键因素。未来,可以从众筹平台间特征对资金回报的影响、综合平台内和平台间特征对资金筹措的影响、众筹平台动态变化机制等多个角度展开深入研究。     

非正规部门竞争、政治寻租与新创企业市场创新

市场创新是新创企业生存发展的根本,然而新兴经济体背景下新创企业的市场创新受到多种特定因素的影响。基于制度基础观,利用世界银行中国企业调查数据,实证考察了非正规部门竞争和政治寻租对新创企业市场创新的影响。研究发现,非正规部门竞争和政治寻租均对新创企业的市场创新具有显著的正向影响,但政治寻租未强化非正规部门竞争对企业市场创新的正向影响;非正规竞争导致的对知识产权保护的需求并非是引致新创企业进行政治寻租的主要原因,资金需求和躲避严苛繁琐的政府管制的需要是引诱企业参与政治寻租的主要原因。因此,政策制定者不必过分担忧非正规部门竞争对新创企业的负面影响,而应通过推进企业注册登记便利化和加强知识产权保护逐步消除非正规经济;要通过持续深化市场化改革和简政放权消除企业寻租的动机。     

The impact of credit constraints on the performance of Chinese agricultural wholesalers

This article evaluates the impact of credit constraints on the performance of Chinese agricultural wholesalers. We estimate a stochastic frontier function using transaction and credit data of agricultural wholesalers from across China to estimate the efficiency and productivity impacts of credit constraints on sales of affected agricultural wholesalers. Empirical results show that micro- and smaller wholesalers are disproportionally impacted by credit constraints and that eliminating these constraints would increase the sales of affected agricultural wholesalers by approximately 15%. Thus, policies aimed at providing credit access for these wholesalers would significantly boost the performance of smaller agricultural wholesalers while improving the overall performance of the Chinese food supply chain without requiring additional non-credit inputs.     

THE PHILLIPS CURVE IN A MATCHING MODEL

Following ideas in Hume, monetary shocks are embedded in the Lagos‐Wright model in a new way: There are only nominal shocks accomplished by individual transfers that are sufficiently noisy so that realizations of those transfers do not permit the agents to deduce much about the aggregate realization. Assuming that the distribution of aggregate shocks is almost degenerate, aggregate output increases with the growth rate of the stock of money—our definition of the Phillips curve. This almost degeneracy assumption is far from being necessary; under some mild conditions, the Phillips curve result holds for a large class of distributions.     

Cost-effectiveness analysis of utidelone plus capecitabine for metastatic breast cancer in China

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of utidelone plus capecitabine therapy compared to capecitabine alone in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) resistant to anthracyclines and taxanes treatment in the Chinese context and provide a reference for the marketing of utidelone in China.

Methods: A Markov model was developed based on the NCT02253459 clinical trial to simulate the clinical course of patients with metastatic breast cancer who had received taxanes and anthracycline therapy. The quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) were then analyzed to evaluate the benefits. Two-parametric Weibull distribution was conducted to fit PFS and OS curves by using R. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the stability of the model designed.

Results: The addition of utidelone increased the cost and QALYs by $13,370.25 and 0.1961, respectively, resulting in an increased ICER of $68,180.78 per QALY. The most sensitive influential parameter on ICER was the price of utidelone. At the threshold of willingness-to-pay (WTP) of $24,380 (3 per capita GDP of China), the cost of utidelone per 30?mg of less than $18.5, $33.7, and greater than $48.8 resulted in a 100%, 50%, and 0% possibility of cost-effectiveness, respectively. The addition of utidelone was not cost-effective when it was $115.4 per 30?mg—the price of its analog paclitaxel. In consideration of varied economics levels across China, cost-effectiveness could be achieved with the price of utidelone ranging from $5.2 to $35.9.

Limitations: The survival curves extended beyond the follow-up time horizon, of which data were generated not from the real analyses but from our established two-parameter Weibull survival model.

Conclusion: It is recommended that the price of utidelone would be less than $18.5 per 30?mg in order to obtain cost-effectiveness for metastatic breast cancer patients resistant to anthracyclines and taxanes treatment in China.     

交互效应视角下政府补助、内部资源与创新绩效关系研究

以我国战略性新兴产业上市企业为研究对象,构建包含政府补助、内部资源和企业创新绩效的创新系统。建立PVAR模型,通过脉冲响应和方差分解等方法分析系统要素间的动态交互作用。研究结果表明：在企业创新系统内,创新资源促进企业创新绩效提升的效果最显著,政府补助次之,政治资源最弱;进一步探究发现,创新绩效能够实现对内部资源的积极反馈,该反馈作用是快速响应的。此外,企业资源和创新绩效冲击对政府补助的影响程度很小,本期政府补助主要受到自身波动的影响。