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11.
One of the distinguishing features of Belgian economics is that, from the early 1920s, so many of Belgium's best economists pursued postgraduate studies at top American universities, a case of ‘temporary’ migration. This was made possible by the fellowships granted by the Commission for Relief in Belgium, a legacy of the First World War. After a stay in the US of a few years, most returned to Belgium. However, they maintained strong links with the US. Also, they tried to recreate in Belgium the most valuable elements of their American experience. It would lead to a strong and early Americanization of Belgian economics. Moreover, they were at the forefront of several initiatives to organize economics on a European scale, such as the European Economic Review and the European Economic Association. 相似文献
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abstract This paper argues for the important role of customers as a source of competitive advantage and firm growth, an issue which has been largely neglected in the resource‐based view of the firm. It conceptualizes Penrose's (1959 ) notion of an ‘inside track’ and illustrates how in‐depth knowledge about established customers combines with joint problem‐solving activities and the rapid assimilation of new and previously unexploited skills and resources. It is suggested that the inside track represents a distinct and perhaps underestimated way of generating rents and securing long‐term growth. This also implies that the sources of sustainable competitive advantage in important respects can be sought in idiosyncratic interfirm relationships rather than within the firm itself. 相似文献
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Fallacies in the interpretation of a european monetary aggregate 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Ivo J. M. Arnold 《Review of World Economics》1996,132(4):753-762
Conclusions This paper leads to the following two conclusions regarding the role of a European monetary aggregate in stages two and three
of the process towards EMU. First, the relatively high stability of the demand for a European monetary aggregate is no indication
for a high degree of currency substitution. Calls for a more symmetric monetary coordination scheme during stage two therefore
cannot be based on this argument. Second, present estimates of European money demand functions give an overly optimistic idea
of money demand stability after EMU. 相似文献
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In the literature on European monetary integration Germany and Italy are mostly strongly contrasted. However, this paper argues that there were important similarities between the policy paradigms in these two countries, in particular if a broader historical perspective is adopted. This work analyses the policy paradigms towards European monetary integration in Italy and Germany. Moreover, it contextualises these paradigms into the national institutional setting: while Germany was characterised by power sharing institutions, Italy featured power fragmentation (something which also affected the economic performance of both countries). There were significant differences between the policy paradigms of foreign policy-makers and economic policy-makers. Foreign policy makers, in both countries, under the influence of a European federalist vision, were strongly in favour of European monetary integration. These beliefs of foreign policy decision makers were crucial in charting EMU policy at history-making moments. The pro EMU policy paradigms of foreign policymakers contrasted, during most of the period covered, with the more sceptical beliefs of economic policy makers. In both countries, economic policy-makers, at different moments, had doubts whether enough “convergence” had been reached to make a more stable exchange rate system sustainable.
相似文献
Ivo MaesEmail: Phone: +32-2-2212796Fax: +32-2-2213162 |
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News
Who is Who 相似文献20.
Gilles Angelsberg Freddy Delbaen Ivo Kaelin Michael Kupper Joachim Näf 《Finance and Stochastics》2011,15(2):343-363
We consider the class of law invariant convex risk measures with robust representation rh,p(X)=supfò01 [AV@Rs(X)f(s)-fp(s)h(s)] ds\rho_{h,p}(X)=\sup_{f}\int_{0}^{1} [AV@R_{s}(X)f(s)-f^{p}(s)h(s)]\,ds, where 1≤p<∞ and h is a positive and strictly decreasing function. The supremum is taken over the set of all Radon–Nikodym derivatives corresponding
to the set of all probability measures on (0,1] which are absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure. We provide
necessary and sufficient conditions for the position X such that ρ
h,p
(X) is real-valued and the supremum is attained. Using variational methods, an explicit formula for the maximizer is given.
We exhibit two examples of such risk measures and compare them to the average value at risk. 相似文献