艾叶水提物及分离组分对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性研究

为研究艾叶水提物及其分离组分对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用,通过K—B法研究总水提物及其粗提物的抑菌活性,采用二分法测定艾叶总水提物与去多糖水提物的最小抑菌浓度、最小杀菌浓度,采用比浊法测定水提物及其柱色谱分离组分的抑菌率。结果为：艾叶总水提物与艾叶去多糖水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌有较强的抑制作用,分离组分中硅胶无水乙醇：三乙胺=10^3：1洗脱物与活性炭石油醚洗脱物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均达90％以上,抑菌作用较强。艾叶水提物和其分离组分对金黄色葡萄球菌均具有较强的抑菌活性。     

Multiple Lenders and Corporate Distress: Evidence on Debt Restructuring

Multiple banking is a common characteristic of the corporate lending, particularly of medium-sized and large firms. However, if the firms are facing distress, multiple lenders may have serious coordination problems, as has been argued in the theoretical literature. In this paper we analyse the problems of multiple banking in borrower distress empirically. We rely on a unique panel data set that includes detailed credit-file information on distressed lending relationships in Germany. In particular, it includes information on "bank pools", a legal institution aimed at coordinating lender interests in distress. We find that the existence of small pools increases the probability of workout success and that this effect reverses when pools become large. We identify major determinants of pool formation, in particular the number of banks, the distribution of lending among banks, and the severity of the distress.     

LOCAL LABOR MARKETS,JOB MATCHING,AND URBAN LOCATION*

We present a new way of modeling local labor markets by linking the space of workers' skills and the physical space of cities. The key lesson of our analysis is that firms exploit workers in these two spaces by setting wages that are below the competitive level. The degree of monopsony power depends on the elasticity of the firm's labor pool, which is inversely related to the costs workers incur in commuting and acquiring skills. Our analysis thus shows how socioeconomic ghettos emerge as workers with poor skill matches are also those who incur the highest commuting costs.     

Minorities and Endogenous Segregation

A theoretical analysis is proposed of segregation as an equilibrium phenomenon in a random-matching model of the marriage market. Otherwise identical partners possess a pay-off-irrelevant characteristic, colour. We derive the set of colour-blind equilibria and show that they are generically constrained inefficient. Equilibrium segregation strategies are strategies that condition actions on the type of match. It is shown that distributions of types exist such that segregation equilibrium pay-offs Pareto dominate colour-blind pay-offs. For other distributions, segregation also generates conflict, where the majority unambiguously gains, while the minority group may lose. Giving preferential treatment, that is, minority bias, can increase overall welfare.     

Intellectual Capital Statements and Knowledge Management: 'Measuring', 'Reporting', 'Acting'

This paper discusses the relationship between intellectual capital and knowledge management. Based on five empirical examples, it suggests that intellectual capital statements are complex forms of measuring, reporting and acting at the same time. Measurement and process conflate, because there is little attempt to measure the true value of intellectual capital in empirical intellectual capital statements. In contrast, there is attention to a broad sense of reporting and communication, which consist not only of measures but also of stories and sketches. The object to be illuminated and managed via intellectual capital statements is knowledge management activities rather than knowledge itself.