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881.
882.
Government-guaranteed mortgage loans (GFRMs) and adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) were introduced to make payment to income (PTI) and loan-to-value (LTV) qualification conventions less restrictive. This paper analyzes the effect of GFRMs and ARMs on the demand for housing. Using a large national data set for the 1988 to 1989 period, we employ a two-stage procedure to estimate housing demand. In the first stage, a multinomial logit model estimates the probability of choosing an FRM, ARM or GFRM. Predicted values from the logit are used to construct user costs and estimate housing demand. Using the model estimates, we simulate demand under four different mortgage availability regimes: FRM, FRM and GFRM, FRM and ARM and all three. These simulations indicate that GFRMs, by relaxing LTV constraints, increase housing demand by approximately 6.2% relative to the FRM regime; the addition of ARMs, by relaxing both PTI and LTV constraints, raises demand by an additional 6%, for a total of 12.2% with inclusion of all alternatives. 相似文献
883.
Ronald D. Anderson Ed.D. Roger E. Jerman D.B.A. James A. Constantin Ph.D. 《Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science》1979,7(3):154-162
A causal model that postulated linkages of organizational environmental variables, reward variables, and satisfaction for
sales representatives was investigated. Findings indicated that the usual assumptions concerning an organization's inability
to contribution to intrinsic rewards may not hold. 相似文献
884.
We propose a simple procedure, based on an artificial linear regression, for consistently estimating the covariance matrix of the parameter estimates for linear regression models with serially correlated errors and lagged dependent variables. 相似文献
885.
After surveying the evolution of the major methodologies in inflation hedging, this study presents a unique methodology that uses principal component factor analysis to separate the effects of variability in the real rate of return from the nominal rate of return. This approach allows the effects of both anticipated and unanticipated inflation on rates of return to be estimated more precisely. This study finds that art objects perform well in terms of average real rates of return and that the market, though not perfect, integrates anticipated inflation into the rates of return. However, unanticipated inflation is very often negatively related to the rates of return. 相似文献
886.
James E. Payne 《Journal of Economics and Finance》1992,16(1):103-114
In this paper the author empirically examines the effects of both money growth and interest rate volatility measures upon
the demand for real balances. The findings of this study suggest that both money growth and interest rate volatility measures
are statistically insignificant. However, evidence suggests a structural shift in the demand for money in the post-1979 period.
Moreover, there is a noticeable change in the speed of adjustment moving from actual to desired real balances with the adjustment
coefficient in the post-1979 period increasing roughly in magnitude nine and half, times the adjustment coefficient in the
pre-1979 period. 相似文献
887.
James Obben 《Agricultural Economics》1993,8(3):243-263
Using the multi-product translog cost function, this paper examines the cost structure and technical change occurring within the novel Ghanaian rural banks. The results of the seemingly unrelated error components model indicate substantial unexploited economies of scale in individual products as well as in overall intermediation. There is presence of pairwise complementarity between loans and government securities and between deposits and government securities, but absence of pairwise complementarity between loans and deposits. Overall, capital-using and labour-saving technical change has occurred but efficiency loss in deposit mobilization outweighs the efficiency gains in government securities and lending activities; operation of agencies reinforces the overall efficiency loss. The rural banks must not be hindered from expanding, but in any growth strategy deposit mobilization should take a central position and the cost of operating agencies watched closely. 相似文献
888.
The ability to cope effectively with job-related stress may be important if salespeople are to perform effectively. Therefore,
the specific nature of the coping tactics used by salespeople to deal with job-related stress and the use of certain coping
strategies associated with sales presentation effectiveness of salespeople were investigated. Data provided by salespeople
from three organizations were used to assess the degree to which specific coping strategies were related to sales presentation
effectiveness.
Before entering academe, Dr. Strutton was in sales with the Tenneco Corporation and was president of a retailing firm in North
Carolina. His research has been published in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Advertising Research, Journal of Business Research, Journal of Macromarketing, andJournal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, among other scholarly journals. Dr. Strutton’s current research interests include issues relating to sales and channels
management.
He has a B.S. in chemistry and an M.B.A. in management and received his Ph.D. in marketing from the University of Arkansas.
Before entering academe, Dr. Lumpkin worked in marketing research for Phillips Petroleum Company. His primary research interests
include retail patronage theory, market segmentation, and research methodology, with recent research focused on the elderly
consumer. His research has been published in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Retailing, Journal of Business Research, The Gerontologist, Journal
of Advertising, Journal of Advertising Research, and other scholarly journals. 相似文献
889.
890.