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排序方式: 共有1303条查询结果,搜索用时 484 毫秒
31.
This paper revisits the ongoing discussion on the importance of agglomeration externalities – specifically specialization, diversity and competition effects – that may contribute to innovation, productivity and urban employment growth. Previous meta‐analyses suggested that the evidence on agglomeration externalities is strongly context‐specific. Expanding an earlier analysis of 31 articles, we seek to draw in this paper more robust conclusions by means of the statistical evidence for agglomeration externalities presented in 73 scientific articles, all building on the seminal work of Glaeser et al. (1992). Our results confirm that the heterogeneity among studies is huge and can only be partially accounted for by means of an ordered probit analysis. Additionally, some evidence of publication bias is found. We conclude that the conventional lines of inquiry in this literature may now have reached strongly diminishing returns. New lines of inquiry, using rich micro‐level data on firms and workers, dynamic general equilibrium models at the macro level, more attention for spatial and temporal variation in the impacts of agglomeration, and further investigations into the spatial scope of externalities are promising avenues for further research that can enhance our understanding of how agglomeration externalities continue to fuel our increasingly urbanized world. 相似文献
32.
Under the general affine jump-diffusion framework of Duffie et al. [Econometrica, 2000, 68, 1343–1376], this paper proposes an alternative pricing methodology for European-style forward start options that does not require any parallel optimization routine to ensure square integrability. Therefore, the proposed methodology is shown to possess a better accuracy–efficiency trade-off than the usual and more general approach initiated by Hong [Forward Smile and Derivative Pricing. Working paper, UBS, 2004] that is based on the knowledge of the forward characteristic function. Explicit pricing solutions are also offered under the nested jump-diffusion setting proposed by Bakshi et al. [J. Finance, 1997, 52, 2003–2049], which accommodates stochastic volatility and stochastic interest rates, and different integration schemes are numerically tested. 相似文献
33.
34.
Raúl Hernández-Martín Moisés Ramón Simancas-Cruz Jesús Alberto González-Yanes Yurena Rodríguez-Rodríguez Juan Israel García-Cruz Yenis Marisel González-Mora 《旅游业当前问题》2016,19(8):771-790
Municipalities and regions are often used as an object of tourism analysis at the subnational level. This occurs because administrative borders are used to implement tourism policies and collect statistical information. However, administrative boundaries may not always be suitable for studying tourism destinations at a local level. Sometimes, particularly in high-density tourism destinations, several differentiated tourism areas occupy a single municipality; tourism areas may, and often do, extend beyond municipal boundaries and tourism destinations may not occupy the whole of the municipal area. As such, a new level of analysis is often required: the micro-destination. There are few tourism concepts as imprecise as that of the destination. Therefore, the process of identifying and establishing the boundaries of a micro-destination is by no means a straightforward one. This paper presents six criteria for establishing the boundaries of this type of tourism area. Of these six, the two primary criteria used are: the concentration of tourism establishments; and tourism typologies and supply characteristics. These criteria have been applied as part of a pilot study in the Canary Islands. Statistical information for nine micro-destinations is generated using the geolocation of tourism establishments together with information obtained from both supply-side and demand-side surveys. 相似文献
35.
Abnormal Returns from Takeover Prediction Modelling: Challenges and Suggested Investment Strategies 下载免费PDF全文
Jo Danbolt Antonios Siganos Abongeh Tunyi 《Journal of Business Finance & Accounting》2016,43(1-2):66-97
While takeover targets earn significant abnormal returns, studies tend to find no abnormal returns from investing in predicted takeover targets. In this study, we show that the difficulty of correctly identifying targets ex ante does not fully explain the below‐expected returns to target portfolios. Target prediction models’ inability to optimally time impending takeovers, by taking account of pre‐bid target underperformance and the anticipation of potential targets by other market participants, diminishes but does not eliminate the potential profitability of investing in predicted targets. Importantly, we find that target portfolios are predisposed to underperform, as targets and distressed firms share common firm characteristics, resulting in the misclassification of a disproportionately high number of distressed firms as potential targets. We show that this problem can be mitigated, and significant risk‐adjusted returns can be earned, by screening firms in target portfolios for size, leverage and liquidity. 相似文献
36.
This study investigates the decision-making logics used by new ventures to develop their business models. In particular, they focussed on the logics of effectuation and causation and how their dynamics shape the development of business models over time. They found that the effectual decision-making logic was used dominantly to generate a viable value proposition for a specific customer segment. Causal logic is then used dominantly to define the other business model components in relation to the value proposition and customer segment. When a shortage of resources emerges, causal logic is replaced by an increase in effectual decision-making again. They concluded that before investing significant resources in a business model it was crucial for firms to reduce, as far as possible, technological and market uncertainty through effectual strategies to avoid high re-configuration costs later. 相似文献
37.
Individual labor earnings observed in worker panel data have complex, highly persistent dynamics. We investigate the capacity of a structural job search model with on‐the‐job search, wage renegotiation by mutual consent, and i.i.d. productivity shocks to replicate salient properties of these dynamics, such as the covariance structure of earnings, the evolution of individual earnings mean, and variance with the duration of uninterrupted employment, or the distribution of year‐to‐year earnings changes. Structural estimation of our model on a 12‐year panel of highly educated British workers shows that our simple framework produces a dynamic earnings structure that is remarkably consistent with the data. 相似文献
38.
Arminda M. Finisterra do Pa?o Jo?o Matos Ferreira M��rio Raposo Ricardo Gouveia Rodrigues Anabela Dinis 《Journal of International Entrepreneurship》2011,9(1):20-38
This paper aims to identify some factors that may be explaining differences among secondary students in start-up intentions.
For that, the study develops an entrepreneurial intention model sustained by the use of Azjen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour
(TBP). Using a sample of students aged between 14 and 15 years old, a questionnaire based on the Li?án and Chen’s Entrepreneurial
Intention Questionnaire was administrated. The purpose is to test a model of entrepreneurial intention using structural equations.
The findings point that TPB is an appropriate tool to model the development of entrepreneurial intention through pedagogical
processes and learning contexts. The education and training should centre itself much more in changing personal attitudes
than in knowledge. Moreover, it is desirable that an entrepreneurship educational programme could contribute to the development
of competences related to entrepreneurship, social and civic skills, and cultural awareness. 相似文献
39.
Robin Naidoo Greg Stuart-Hill L. Chris Weaver Jo Tagg Anna Davis Andee Davidson 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2011,48(2):321-335
There exist few quantitative assessments of the relationship between biodiversity per se and economic benefits at scales that are relevant for conservation. Similarly, the merits of Community-Based Natural Resource
Management programs for both wildlife and people are contested. Here, we harness two databases, on wildlife surveys and financial
benefits, to address these issues for communal conservancies in northwest Namibia. We use ordination methods to characterize
the diversity and stability of large wildlife assemblages on conservancies, and demonstrate that diversity (but not stability)
is an important explanator of conservancy financial benefits. Our results indicate that for this area of Namibia, biodiversity,
as represented by large wildlife assemblages, has an important, positive effect on the tangible financial benefits that people
derive from conservation programs. 相似文献
40.