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91.
Debra E. Irwin Anthony Masaquel Stephen Johnston Brian Barnett 《Journal of medical economics》2016,19(11):1027-1033
Objective: This retrospective study compared the real-world incidence and costs of systemic treatment-related adverse events (AEs) in patients with metastatic breast cancer in a Medicaid population.Methods: Insurance claims data for adult women who received biologic or chemotherapy (± hormonal therapy) for metastatic breast cancer between 2006–2013 were extracted from the Truven Health MarketScan® Multi-State Medicaid database. Incidence of AEs (per 100 person years) and average monthly AE-related healthcare costs (per-patient-per-month) during each line of therapy (first or later lines) were estimated. The association between AEs and total all-cause healthcare costs was estimated using multivariable regression.Results: A total of 729 metastatic breast cancer patients were analyzed. Hematological (202.3 per 100 person years) and constitutional AEs (289.6 per 100 person years) were the most common class of AEs reported. Unadjusted per-patient-per-month AE-related expenditure by class were highest for hematological AEs ($1524), followed by gastrointestinal ($839) and constitutional AEs ($795), with anemia ($942), nausea/vomiting ($699), and leukopenia/neutropenia ($550) having incurred the highest total AE-related costs. Adjusted total all-cause monthly costs increased with the number of AEs ($19,701 for >7 AEs, $16,264 for 4???6 AEs, and $13,731 for 1???3 AEs) compared to no AEs ($5908) (all p?0.01).Conclusions: Among metastatic breast cancer patients treated with systemic therapy in a Medicaid population, AEs were associated with significant increases in costs, which increased with the number of AEs experienced. Therapies associated with a lower incidence of AEs may reduce cost burden and improve patient outcomes. 相似文献
92.
K.E. Hughes II Joseph A. Johnston Joseph B. Omonuk Michael T. Dugan 《Advances in accounting, incorporating advances in international accounting》2012
This study is the first broadly-based examination of earnings management within the rate-regulated U.S. electric utility industry. In a three-phase analysis using extant discretionary accrual models in the earnings-management literature, we provide evidence that: (1) on average, rate regulation appears to deter earnings management; (2) relaxing rate regulation (i.e., deregulation) tends to increase the potential for earnings management; and (3) in those situations in which utilities are seeking increased rates from regulators, sufficient accounting latitude exists under GAAP to allow utility management to depress reported earnings. As this last finding may persuade regulators to approve a utility's rate request, triggering increased electricity rates, the potential exists for wealth transfers between “captured” rate-paying customers and shareholders. The study's results also provide for the first time empirical justification for accounting researchers to exclude rate-regulated firms from cross-sectional, inter-industry research designs examining discretionary accruals. 相似文献
93.
This paper examines whether the variability in the future earnings stream generated by the investment in environmentally-related R&D projects is different than that created by the investment in other R&D projects. To carry out this investigation, I decompose total R&D expenditures into two components: those related to R&D projects aimed at reducing the firm’s costs to comply with environmental legislation (i.e., the environmental component), and those related to all other R&D projects, which are focused on increasing the firm’s revenues and/or decreasing its other operating costs (i.e., the residual component). As predicted, I find that the environmental component of R&D expenditures contributes significantly less to the variability of future earnings than the residual component. 相似文献
94.
Linda D. Peters Marcus Vanharanta Andrew D. Pressey Wesley J. Johnston 《Industrial Marketing Management》2012,41(5):730-738
Purpose of the paper and literature addressedThe purpose of this paper is to examine how one of the most cited theories in sociology, structuration theory, might help inform our understanding of time in business networks. Structuration theory deals with the creation and maintenance of ideas and structures as well as with change and continuity processes. It defines a social system as any set of practices, patterns of interaction and social relationships that are relatively enduring.Research methodThis is a conceptual paper.Main contributionThis paper outlines improved theoretical and methodological bases in industrial marketing research, which specifically takes into consideration time. This new understanding draws upon Giddens structuration theory, and more recent critiques of his work. 相似文献
95.
Megha Jain Shadab Khalil Wesley J. Johnston Julian Ming-Sung Cheng 《Industrial Marketing Management》2014
The current research examines how coercive power and non-coercive power affect trust and how these relationships are affected by affective and calculative commitment. It also expands the understanding of the role of an under-researched dimension of performance, i.e., strategic performance, and studies it as a mediating variable in the relationship between trust and financial performance. The proposed model is empirically tested using Partial Least Squares (PLS) in supplier–retailer channel in Taiwan. The findings reveal that affective commitment has a positive moderating effect on the negative relationship between coercive power and trust, while calculative commitment has a negative moderating effect on the positive relationship between non-coercive power and trust. The results also indicate that strategic performance partially mediates the effect of trust on financial performance. The research advances theoretical understanding on the complex power–trust relationship and provides insights into the role of commitment in both enabling and undermining channel relationships. The findings highlight the importance of building affective commitment in channel relationships and the critical role of strategic performance in the trust–financial performance relationship. 相似文献
96.
David L. Johnston 《American journal of economics and sociology》2015,74(1):113-148
Can Islamic thought provide a basis for a fully developed theory of human rights? This article begins with an examination of the tensions between religion in general and the secular framing of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). From a historical perspective, it then delves into the history of the relationship between Muslim political and religious leaders and the UDHR. With that background in mind, the author analyzes the positions of three influential Muslim scholars on human rights: Khaled Abou El Fadl's emphasis on ethics and law; Abdulaziz Sachedina's recent book Islam and the Challenge of Human Rights (2009), in which he urges the traditionalists to develop a “public theology”; and finally, Abdullahi An‐Na'im's focus on shari'a and the secular state. He concludes that the majority of Muslims worldwide remain more conservative than these authors, and yet they overwhelmingly support the notion of human rights. This bodes well for the growing influence of such reformist thinking and, as a result, for the retooling of traditional Islamic jurisprudence in addressing human rights. 相似文献
97.
Johnston Birchall 《Local Economy》1995,10(2):192-196
Peter Welch and Malcolm Coles, 1994: Towards a Social Economy -Trading for a Social Purpose. London: Fabian Society, Fabian Pamphlet 564, £3.50 paper.
Roger Spear, Aude Leonetti and Alan Thomas, 1994: Third Sector Care: Prospects for Co-operatives and other Small Care Providers. Milton Keynes: Open University.
Perri 6 and Isabel Vidal (eds) 1994: Delivering Welfare: Repositioning Non-profit and Co-operative Action in Western European Welfare States. Barcelona: Centre d'Iniciatives de l'Economia Social. 相似文献
Roger Spear, Aude Leonetti and Alan Thomas, 1994: Third Sector Care: Prospects for Co-operatives and other Small Care Providers. Milton Keynes: Open University.
Perri 6 and Isabel Vidal (eds) 1994: Delivering Welfare: Repositioning Non-profit and Co-operative Action in Western European Welfare States. Barcelona: Centre d'Iniciatives de l'Economia Social. 相似文献
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