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61.
62.
Lionel Fontagné Michael Freudenberg Guillaume Gaulier 《Review of World Economics》2006,142(3):459-475
We provide a systematic decomposition of world trade using harmonized bilateral flows at the most available detail (some 5,000
product categories), into three trade types: inter-industry, intra-industry in horizontally and in vertically differentiated
products. The analysis is diachronic and considers country pairs such as France-Germany, United States-China, Malaysia-Singapore,
or India-Nigeria.
We show that the increase in IIT at the world level is due to two-way trade of vertically differentiated products. We find
France and Germany having the highest share of IIT in their bilateral trade among all country pairs in the world. In value
terms, the most important bilateral IIT is between the United States and Canada. Recently, specialization according to the
classical theories of international trade (inter-industry trade), has recovered, due to the increasing participation of emerging
economies in world trade.
JEL no. F14, F15 相似文献
63.
In spite of the significant research literature identifying a tradeoff between income redistribution and economic growth,
massive public programs have been implemented to help the poor by transferring income to them. Since Lyndon Johnson's war
on poverty began in 1964, over 3.5 trillion dollars have been transferred. However, the possibility that everyone, including
the poor, may in fact be made worse off by the transfer has largely been ignored. With a simple algebraic model, the authors
demonstrate that, over time, both high and low-income groups are harmed by redistribution. In addition, social mobility, as
well as political concerns with relative poverty and international income redistribution increases the damage to all income
groups produced by redistribution. 相似文献
64.
Migration Flows and Intra-Industry Trade Adjustments 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this paper we analyse the link between trade and migration. Focusing on the experience of Spain, we relate a marginal index
of intra-industry trade to the stock of foreign workers—classified according to their country of origin and their situation
in the Spanish labour market. We focus on the possibility that existing networks of foreign workers and their connections
with their countries of origin could stimulate trade with the host country. Our results show a significant impact of the number
of immigrants with work permits on intra-industry trade adjustment. However, this impact being positive or negative depends
on whether foreign workers are employees or self-employed, the duration of the work permits and the type of job they occupy.
JEL no. F10, F14, F15, F22 相似文献
65.
Juncal Cunado Luis A. Gil-Alana Fernando Pérez de Gracia 《Review of World Economics》2006,142(1):67-91
We examine the real convergence hypothesis for 14 OECD countries looking at the fractional order of integration of the differences
of real GDP per capita in these countries with respect to the United States. Using parametric procedures, the results vary
depending on how we specify the I(0) disturbances. If they are white noise, convergence is achieved for Canada and Australia,
and with autocorrelated disturbances, this hypothesis is satisfied for France and the Netherlands. However, allowing for a
break at World War II, evidence of convergence is obtained for all countries.
JEL no. C32, O41 相似文献
66.
Compared to international trade relations relatively little is known about the role foreign direct investment linkages play
in the transmission of disturbances from one country to the next. Inspired by the microevidence on profit sharing within multinational
corporations and within industries, we investigate for six countries whether a cross-border rent-sharing phenomenon can be
identified at the macroeconomic level. The rent-sharing hypothesis implies that an increase in foreign profitability should
boost wages and/or employment in the domestic economy. We find corroborative evidence for Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands
and the United Kingdom. US labour market conditions, by contrast, are not affected by changes in profitability in other countries.
JEL no. E32, F23, F40, J23, J31 相似文献
67.
68.
Clémence Berson 《De Economist》2018,166(4):455-476
The French labor market is segmented between permanent and temporary workers. The second category has difficulty in getting an open-ended contract. This paper aims at depicting workers on short-term contracts and shows the consequences on their professional career are negative and significant. A large part of the wage gap between permanent and temporary workers remains unexplained by observable characteristics. They receive less on-the-job training and their likelihood of obtaining a stable job is lower than 30% after 1 year and a half. They have also a higher probability of being the adjustment variable in case of an economic negative shock. These different findings show the importance of using public policies to encourage transitions from fixed-term to permanent employment and reducing labor-market duality. 相似文献
69.
Florentino Felgueroso José-Ignacio García-Pérez Marcel Jansen David Troncoso-Ponce 《De Economist》2018,166(4):503-534
Until the outbreak of the recent economic and financial crisis, Spain was leading the ranking of countries with the largest share of temporary employees. During the crisis this share has fallen to its lowest level in decades, but this does not mean that working conditions in Spain have improved. The flow of new temporary contracts is larger than ever before. A particularly striking feature is the steep growth in the volume of fixed-duration contracts lasting less than a week or a month. We document these trends and analyse how this phenomenon has affected the transition from temporary to permanent employment. 相似文献
70.
The diffusion of a novel taxing scheme (among Dutch municipalities over the period 1998–2005) is studied in which the waste disposal tax is increasing in the amount of waste a household produces. Inspection of the rise and spread of this tax shows that it is contagious: the probability of introduction is increasing in the number of neighboring municipalities that have already introduced this taxing scheme. A possible rationale is that the tax encourages the dumping of waste in neighboring municipalities. These municipalities may then introduce a similar tax to prevent dumping (spillover effect). Using panel data and a recently developed spatial probit approach (Elhorst et al. in J Appl Econom 32:422–439, 2017), it is possible to distinguish this spillover effect from time-specific effects. The results indicate the presence of strong spillovers. 相似文献