Investment Opportunities and the Relation Between Equity Value and Employees' Bonus

A sample of firms where employee stock options and other long‐term incentives are absent but an annual bonus is required is examined. A positive relation is found between firm equity value and stock bonus but not cash bonus. The positive relation is stronger when the firm has greater investment opportunities. Additionally, the relation is shown to be nonlinear in the sense that the marginal effect of stock bonus on equity value is positive but decreasing (negative) when the stock bonus is below (above) the breakpoint. Overall, the annual stock bonus is valued positively by investors even though it is linked to the firm's contemporaneous but not future performance.     

优化河南投资环境途径探析

投资超常增长是促使经济快速发展的重要因素，河南投资环境基础比较好，应该扬长避短进一步优化，其具体途径可以从投资的国际经济环境、投资的国内经济环境、投资的区域经济环境入手。     

论乡镇企业持续竞争优势之源——内部激励机制的构建分析

企业激励机制是企业动力和活力的根源,激励机制不健全已给乡镇企业的发展带来了严重的影响,从而使得乡镇企业在竞争力的提高及保持上受到制约。本文从内部激励机制与持续竞争优势之间的联系为切入点,探讨了乡镇企业内部激励机制的构建途径及注意事项。     

攻坚阶段国企依法改制亟须强化审计监督

本考察国有企业依法改制中审计监督的得失，探讨在国有企业依法改制攻坚阶段进一步加强审计监督的有效途径。     

Consumption and stock markets in Asian economies

This paper investigates the causal links between stock market performance and consumption for five Asian economies by applying the bound tests of Pesaran et al. and lag augmented VAR of Toda and Yamamoto . We find two‐way causal relationships between stock market performance and consumption in the cases of Hong Kong and Taiwan in the long run. The existence of such two‐way causal links indicates that stock market performance and consumption mutually affect each other, implying that the previous studies may have overestimated the wealth effect of the stock markets without taking account of the reverse causation from consumption to the stock markets. The short‐run effect of the stock market on consumption is more visible than the long‐run effect in most of the sample economies, suggesting that changes in consumption directly reflect stock market fluctuations.     

语言与文化的关系及了解文化的策略

语言是学习文化的主要工具,人在学习和运用语言的过程中获得整个文化;文化知识影响到语言学习者的各个学习阶段,对学习者变得越来越重要.文化教学的策略是创造一个真实的教室环境等.     

论中小企业的发展困境及战略选择

目前中小企业发展缓慢,甚至出现大量破产,倒闭的现象,这种现象的发生除了与宏观环境的影响外,还与中小企业自身固有的缺陷有关,文章认为要解决中小企业的发展问题,主要要从中小企业内部的主控因素出发,根据企业自身特点和市场竞争程度,科学地选择发展战略才是解决问题的前提。     

一种私钥管理实现技术

在对私钥管理技术深入研究的基础上，设计了一个私钥管理系统，并从系统的角度分析了私钥管理过程中所遇到的各种风险和最大程度地降低风险的方法。     

2001-2002年山东省农药工业回顾

本文在广泛调查与深入分析的基础上 ,对山东省近两年的农药生产、科研、销售和应用情况进行了综述。为企业及有关部门提供了详实可靠的资料。     

论社会主义市场经济下主体道德人格的塑造

塑造适应社会主义市场经济的现代道德人格,是进行道德建设的重要内容。社会主义市场经济要求社会主体具有共同的理想和精神支柱、牢固的爱国主义精神、高尚的为人民服务意识。社会主义市场经济要求社会主体高扬集体主义旗帜,具有坚定的法纪诚信观念和规则意识,并具备不断开拓进取的主观精神状态。