Nash-equilibria in a heterogeneous oligopoly with fuzzy information

We consider a model of an oligopolistic market with heterogeneous firms and products where neither the cost nor the demand functions are common knowledge. Instead, each firm only has some vague ideas about the price strategies adopted by its competitors which is modelled by a fuzzy set. In analogy to the notion of an "equilibrium of actions and beliefs" we define and characterize a generalized Nash-equilibrium and show its existence under general conditions. Furthermore, the impact of the fuzzy information on the equilibrium outcome is analyzed by means of a comparative static analysis within a particular model framework.Received: 28 May 2002, Accepted: 25 December 2002, JEL Classification: D43, D80, L13We wish to thank Bernhard F. Arnold, the editor Murat Sertel , and two anonymous referees for helpful comments. Of course, we are responsible for all remaining errors.     

企业短信服务系统的设计与实现

文章在分析企业信息处理流程的基础上,设计了企业短信息服务系统。该系统借助于Internet,以TCP/IP协议和移动通信为基础,通过中国联通短信网关将互联网和联通网连接起来,实现异地信息的实时收集及传递,为企业信息发布提供了一个新的解决方法,提高了信息传递及交流的效率,投入使用后,效果良好,满足设计要求。     

A note on the determination of A-optimal type block designs under fixed and mixed effects models

In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating a selected set of contrasts between v treatments using a block design consisting of b blocks of size k. Traditionally, the construction of A-optimal block designs for such situations has been carried out assuming a fixed effects model. In this paper, we show that A-optimal designs constructed under a fixed effects model are robust in the sense that these designs have maximal minimal efficiency when considered among all available designs and under all possible mixed effects models. AMS 1991 subject classifications: Primary 62K05; Secondary 62K10     

Duration dependence testing for speculative bubbles

Prior research has employed a number of methods to test for speculative bubbles in asset prices, including a method based on the concept of duration dependence. This study explores whether duration dependence tests for speculative bubbles are sensitive to specification decisions. Our results question the efficacy of using measures of duration dependence to test for speculative bubbles. In particular, we find that evidence of duration dependence is sensitive to the method of correcting for discrete observation of continuous duration, the use of value-weighted versus equally weighted portfolios, and the use of monthly versus weekly runs of abnormal returns. (JEL C41, G12)     

经济伦理与经济发展

经济发展不仅是一个要素投入与资源配置的过程 ,同时也蕴含着深刻的伦理规定 ,是一个价值选择和道德协调的过程。经济伦理对经济发展起着重要的影响作用 :在微观层面上 ,它是一种人力资本 ;在中观层面上 ,它是一种无形资产 ;在宏观层面上 ,它是一种社会资本。经济伦理通过降低交易成本 ,创造合作效益 ,促进资源的优化配置和社会经济的健康发展。同时 ,经济伦理作为一种特殊的经济资源 ,对经济发展的作用性质和方式具有特殊性 ,需要具体地去认识和把握。     

独立董事职业背景与公司业绩关系的实证研究

本文针对我国上市公司聘请过多来自学术界的独立董事是否有效的疑虑,从实证的角度研究了不同职业背景的独立董事与公司业绩的关系。研究结果表明没有哪一种职业背景的独立董事对公司业绩的影响有更好的表现;只有在公司既聘请来自企业界,又聘请来自非企业界的独立董事,且比例均衡的情况下,独立董事对公司业绩的影响才有更好的表现。因此,我国上市公司聘请来自学术界的独立董事是具有理性的,不只是为了利用他们的声誉与花瓶效应。     

旅游资源可持续发展的产权安排

所有权主体不清晰及各产权主体的行为关系不清是我国旅游资源产权制度的现状.从产权功能的角度看,产权明晰有利于旅游资源的有效保护和可持续利用.基于旅游资源的产权性质及公益性特点,其可持续发展的产权形式应是国有产权.构建适合我国旅游资源可持续发展的产权安排,国家应出台相关政策法规,使企业获得旅游资源开发和经营权的"三级委托"规范化、法律化、市场化,科学合理的制定旅游景点门票价格,政府的监督行为要吸纳公众的参与等.     

浅析我国对外贸易中的反倾销问题

近些年来国际社会对我国频繁实施反倾销调查，影响了我国对外贸易的发展，阻碍了我国对外经济交流与合作，本阐述了国外对我国反倾销的现状，分析了国外对我国反倾销的原因，并提出了我国应对国外反倾销调查的对策。     

浅谈大学新生良好心理素质的培养

良好的心理素质是大学生应具备的一项基本素质.大学新生存在着思乡怀旧、焦虑恐慌、压抑不得志、厌学逃课等4种心理矛盾冲突,应建立多功能心理素质教育系统工程,寻求各种教育契机,促进新生心理素质稳步提高.     

固定资产和商誉减值的中英比较与借鉴

资产减值等有关问题是目前我国会计理论和实务中急需加以关注的问题之一，本文试图通过对我国有关资产减值准则制度与英国会计准则委员会(ASB)发布的财务报告准则第11号(FRS11)比较，以期从中借鉴有益部分，促进我国有关资产减值会计的完善。