Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) in Construction Schedule Risk Assessment

Construction project scheduling is one of the most critical factors for project success measurement.Not only for the project planning but for construction process management,the scheduling is the basic tool for communication between the owner and the project manager.By developing the schedule before the project starts,the owner knows in advance that the expected timeline of the project.By preparing construction process scheduling,the owner and general contractor can better manage the subcontractors,sub-trades progress,materials storage and deliveries,labors schedule and equipment set up which will eventually save time,money and hassle.Basically,Critical Path Method(CPM) is commonly used in the construction industry.CPM is a deterministic method that assumes that through the network,there is at least one path that determines the project duration and that the path is the critical path.CPM does not consider the uncertainty in the activities;rather it assumes that each activity can be finished in the given situation.Program Evaluation and Review Technique(PERT) is a stochastic technique which is based on the assumption that the duration of a single activity can be described by a probability density function.PERT takes into account the uncertainty during the construction process and has been created out of the need to plan,schedule and control complex projects with many uncertainties.The PERT approach is stated in some books and papers,but there is no deep investigation on the application in the schedule risk assessment.This paper investigates the PERT work process and takes a valuable try on the construction schedule risk assessment by using case studies.The utilization in the estimate the construction liquidated damage with the uncertainties is performed,which also can be used in the insurance company to calculate the insurance premium.     

论物流金融服务需求管理

物流金融服务需求管理是物流金融服务供应链管理的前提性工作,预测并管理物流金融产品客户需求,利用物流金融服务需求信息开展物流金融服务供应链管理工作。掌握物流金融服务需求管理的内容,如何通过基于需求计划、需求沟通、需求影响和需求优化的科学流程开展物流金融服务需求管理工作是文章的关注焦点。     

立法、执法、自律，一个都不能少——冷静审视《广告法》修订争议

当前舆论普遍将层出不穷的广告新旧问题归因于现有法律法规的不完善，要求修订《广告法》的呼声空前强烈。 的确，广告业一路高歌发展至今，是需要一部新的法律来适应。但当我们想起现有律条规范下的种种越规现象，不得不去质疑执法质量和执法效益。我们常常坐论制度的缺失，反复推崇立法，但可曾较真法律法规制度的实施？执行不力乃至形同虚设，立法不仅失去意义，反而损害法律尊严，长此以往，法将不“法”。[编者按]     

Health insurance provision and labor contracts for small firms

Healthcare reform in the USA requires all Americans to buy health insurance and businesses above a certain size to offer healthcare coverage to their employees by 2014. Understanding why some entrepreneurs do not provide employer-based health insurance is important and might help to solve future health insurance problems. Using two unique features which have not yet been discussed in the literature, namely, efficiency–wage theory and a compensation package of monetary wage and health insurance coverage, we provide here a theoretical foundation to why small firms are less likely to offer health insurance and are more likely to have employees with only a weak preference for acquiring health insurance. To reach the goal of health insurance coverage for all, one feasible solution is to allow small firms or individuals to pool together and pay a lower insurance premium.     

构建高端品牌的三个支点

在市场竞争日益激烈的情况下，建立自己的高端品牌成为许多企业的产品战略方向，但建立高端品牌并不是轻而易举的事情，它需要企业有良好的品牌战咯规划。在此刘杰克营销顾问机构通过多年市场战略经验的累积，总结出构建高端品牌的三个支点和大家一起分享。     

关于约束会计与传统会计的比较分析

会计行业随着经济发展而不断改变,为了更加适应当前的经济模式,针对传统会计的改革改变越来越明显,随着约束会计这一先进理论的推出,对传统会计的影响将会非常巨大,本文将从科学角度入手,针对约束会计与传统会计进行比较和分析.     

Western popular music consumption by highly involved Chinese music fans

This paper explores the development of Western popular music consumption for highly involved Chinese consumers. This research is exploratory and uses semi-structured online interviews. The consumption of Western popular music in China is deeply embedded in the changing political and social context. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, an underground culture of ‘dakou’, cut tapes and CDs, developed, which was a decisive and formative influence for many of our respondents. Later this was supplemented by counterfeit tapes/CDs, and by Internet downloads, which also increased access to Western music. However, both recorded and live music are still censored in China. Our respondents agreed that the political restrictions on music have prevented China from developing a 'normal' music market, and created a market which is almost entirely based on illegal downloading. As the lifestyle choices of our respondents were deeply influenced by the consumption of Western music, many of them ultimately decided to leave China and live abroad.     

企业资金管理问题分析及对策

企业资金管理是企业财务管理的核心内容,是组织生产和经营活动,确保企业生存和发展的重要理财工作,也是国民经济的重要组成部分,对我国的经济发展和社会稳定起着重要的促进作用.本文就我国企业在资金管理上存在的问题进行了分析,然后就问题的解决提出了自己的对策.     

新颖别致的五体舰船

五体船型是近年来发展的一种新船型,其概念的提出是在1995年,当时,一家欧洲航运公司(Norasia)与英国著名的尼格尔·吉联合有限公司(NGA—NigelGee and Associates Ltd.)密切接触,希望能够为其设计出一型载重量13000吨、航速30节、而动力装置输出功率只有30MW 的高速集装箱船,并且造价维持在3000