国家高新区设立能够提升城市全要素生产率吗？——基于261个地级市TFP分解数据的路径分析

国家高新区是培育经济增长新动能，实现区域经济高质量发展的重要政策载体，文章利用2001-2014年我国261个城市面板数据，通过渐进双重差分法研究国家高新区设立对城市全要素生产率的影响。研究发现：研究期内国家高新区的设立对城市全要素生产率造成显著的负面影响；从TFP的分解项来看，高新区设立促进了所在城市规模效率提高，却抑制了技术进步和技术效率提高；异质性分析结果表明上述作用具有显著城市等级异质性，在高行政等级城市设立高新区对城市全要素生产率具有促进作用。进一步运用工业企业数据库、微观土地转让数据、城市专利数据等进行机制分析发现，企业间资源错配和土地价格扭曲降低了技术效率，而技术创新下降和产业升级钝化是抑制技术进步的主要机制。     

金融资产配置与违约风险:蓄水池效应,还是逐利效应？

本文以2007—2016年中国A股上市公司为研究对象,检验了企业金融资产配置对违约风险的影响。实证研究发现:金融资产持有量越多,企业的违约风险越低,金融资产配置的“蓄水池效应”显著;在货币政策宽松时期,金融资产配置导致的代理冲突显现,宽松的货币政策会抑制金融资产投资对违约风险的降低作用。政府规制也会有一定的公司治理作用,将产业政策纳入讨论发现:对于产业政策支持的行业来说,企业金融资产配置能够降低违约风险,但是宽松的货币政策会刺激管理层的短视投资行为,抑制政府规制的公司治理作用。进一步地,本文提出会计稳健性的提升是企业金融资产配置降低违约风险的重要路径。本文的研究结论丰富了企业金融资产配置动机和违约风险影响因素的讨论,能够为政府部门防范经济运行中的内在风险提供有益借鉴。     

The Doctrine of the Mean: Workplace Relationships and Turnover Intention

The present study examines the curvilinear relationships between LMX/TMX and team members' turnover intention simultaneously. That is, members with high LMX, TMX, or both are more likely to have turnover intention. Hypotheses were tested with a sample of 452 nurses, and we adopted the response surface methodology and polynomial regression to test our theoretical model. The hierarchical regression analysis showed that TMX has a U‐shaped relationship with turnover intention but not with LMX. In addition, the results indicate that both the congruence and incongruence of LMX and TMX result in higher turnover intention, but moderate levels of LMX and TMX have the lowest turnover intention. Strengths, limitations, practical implications, and directions for future research are discussed. Copyright © 2018 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

急腹症手术麻醉患者的护理

目的探讨急腹症手术患者麻醉的护理措施。方法在我院收治的行急腹症手术患者中选取36例,对其麻醉过程所采用的护理措施进行回顾性分析。结果 36例患者中,非常满意25例,比较满意10例,不满意1例,护理总满意度为97.2%。结论在急腹症手术过程中,给予患者良好的护理措施,可有效促进患者病情的恢复,提高患者的护理满意度。     

A systematic review of pharmacoeconomic guidelines

Objective: To review, summarize, and analyze both similarities and differences of pharmacoeconomic (PE) guidelines, to enable researchers to access their characteristics and the current state of PE guidelines; furthermore, to learn which methodological issues still remain contested and to promote the methodological development of PE guidelines.

Materials and methods: The authors performed a search for PE guidelines using PubMed, the Cochrane library database, and the websites of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. Information of each guideline was extracted using a pre-designed extraction template, which included 22 aspects; the guidelines were summarized in the forms of charts, and their characteristics have been described.

Results: A total of 40 PE guidelines were studied. The most common methodological issues include the types of analysis, sources for effectiveness, use of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) to measure outcomes, and use of incremental cost effectiveness ratios to present results. The majority of the guidelines preferred a cost utility analysis with outcomes expressed in terms of QALYs. Most of the guidelines preferred meta-analysis or meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials, and required a systematic review of all evidence. Issues that varied most in the guidelines were the choice of the comparator, recommended costs to be included, methods related to indirect cost calculations, methods of sensitivity analysis, and discounting rate.

Conclusion: A comparison of these guidelines revealed that a number of differences exist among them in several key aspects, and some critical methodological issues still exist, for which no best solution is available. Furthermore, efforts need to be made to develop harmonious methods for the PE, and to improve the transferability of the outcomes of PE evaluations.     

中外领导人互访与双边贸易——基于月度数据的经验分析

国家领导人之间的访问活动在改善双边关系和处理国际问题等方面有着其他外交方式无法替代的重要作用.文章着眼于整体性和长期性角度,考察国家领导人之间的互访所产生的双边贸易效应,并基于2001?2017年的月度面板数据检验了中国与168个建交国家之间的领导人互访对进出口贸易的影响.研究发现:(1)中国领导人和外国领导人之间的互相访问展现了周边外交和大国外交协调推进的基本格局;(2)中国与贸易伙伴国之间的国家领导人互访活动显著促进了双边出口和进口贸易流量;(3)基于HS商品分类的分析显示,国家领导人互访对出口和进口的影响主要体现在贸易往来中相对弱势的一方,即扩大了非竞争优势产品进入对方市场的贸易机会;(4)基于产品分类和外交特点分组后的分析显示,国家领导人互访对相对弱势产品的贸易促进作用在周边外交和小国外交中更强.上述结论表明,国家领导人之间的互访有助于推动双边经贸往来,体现了外交为经济服务的实际作用以及合作共赢的交往理念.     

地方政府隐性债务与企业研发——自中国非金融上市公司的证据

地方隐性债务的无序扩张会削弱中国经济的长期发展动能.面对隐性债务规模的不断膨胀和企业研发活动增速的下降,很多经济观察者产生了这样的疑问,过高的地方债务水平是否会抑制微观企业的创新?这一影响的潜在作用机制是什么?文章基于2008年至2017年非金融业上市公司数据和手工搜集的地方政府隐性债务数据,考察地方政府隐性债务水平对微观企业研发活动的影响.实证结果显示,较高的城市隐性债务水平抑制了当地企业的专利申请数量,但对研发投入的影响不确定,这表明隐性债务水平降低了企业的创新效率.机制分析显示,政府(研发)补贴和长期外部信贷的减少是"抑制作用"产生的潜在机制.最后,文章还对实证结果进行了异质性分析和稳健性检验.文章的研究对深入理解地方政府隐性债务对实体经济的影响具有一定现实意义.     

Claims Reserving with a Stochastic Vector Projection

In the last three decades, a variety of stochastic reserving models have been proposed in the general insurance literature mainly using (or reproducing) the well-known Chain-Ladder claims-reserving estimates. In practice, when the data do not satisfy the Chain-Ladder assumptions, high prediction errors might occur. Thus, in this article, a combined methodology is proposed based on the stochastic vector projection method and uses the regression through the origin approach of Murphy, but with heteroscedastic errors instead, and different from those that used by Mack. Furthermore, the Mack distribution-free model appears to have higher prediction errors when compared with the proposed one, particularly, for data sets with increasing (regular) trends. Finally, three empirical examples with irregular and regular data sets illustrate the theoretical findings, and the concepts of best estimate and risk margin are reported.     

What you see is meaningful: Does green advertising change the intentions of consumers to purchase eco-labeled products?

Consumers are increasingly worried that their current consumption patterns have negative environmental impacts, which in turn shapes their green purchase intentions. Based on the signaling theory and stimulus–organism–response model, the purpose of this research is to construct a theoretical framework to understand consumer intentions to buy eco-labeled products. Empirical results from 671 questionnaires show that as expected, green advertising receptivity positively affects intention, and the relationship between green advertising receptivity and intention is also moderated by promotion focus and mediated by system trust and personal trust. However, the relationship between green advertising receptivity and purchase intention is not moderated by prevention focus. Hence, this research suggests that stakeholders should conduct truthful green advertising campaigns to dispel consumer suspicion and target different consumers with different green advertising and marketing campaigns to increase sales.