Incentives for knowledge sharing: impact of organisational culture and information technology

This research presents and examines an analytical model of knowledge management in which organisational culture dynamically improves with knowledge-sharing and learning activities within organisations. We investigate the effects of organisational incentives and the level of information technology on the motivation of knowledge sharing. We derive a linear incentive reward structure for knowledge sharing under both homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions. In addition, we show how the organisational culture and the optimum linear sharing reward change with several crucial factors, and summarise three sets of methods (strong IT support, congruent organisational culture, and effective employee assessment) to complement the best linear incentive. Our research provides valuable insights for practitioners in terms of implementing knowledge-management initiatives.     

Saving golf courses from business troubles

Utilizing a discrete choice experiment, this study attempts to provide improved knowledge regarding how golf tourists arrive at complex trade-offs between different golfing constraints and resort to diverse negotiation strategies to attenuate the effect of those constraining factors. With a study sample of Korean golf tourists, we find that respondents place distinctive weights on several golf course attributes representing various types of golfing constraints to attain the greatest enjoyment. Among a range of barriers to golf trip participation, golf tourists place the highest importance on structural constraints associated with limited personal time resources and inadequate access to golf courses. The study results substantiate golf tourists’ heterogeneous preferences for negotiation strategies, which are dependent upon their levels of golf specialization. Multiple management suggestions are developed to help golf course professionals adapt to the gradually challenging business environment.     

信任对城市居民有机食品消费行为的影响机理分析

[目的]揭示不同信任水平消费者在有机食品消费行为上的差异及其内在逻辑,从而为有效破解有机食品市场提供新的思路。[方法]文章以价值感知和食品安全意识为中介调节变量,构建信任影响消费行为的分析框架,并基于全国1 113位城市居民的微观调查数据,采用Ologit模型进行实证检验。[结果]信任水平正向影响居民有机食品消费行为和价值感知,价值感知在信任对消费行为的影响中发挥中介效应;同时,居民食品安全意识在信任与价值感知之间起调节作用,从而价值感知对信任与消费行为之间关系的中介效应也会受到食品安全意识的调节,即产生了被调节的中介效应。[结论]信任是决定消费者有机食品消费行为的重要因素,信任缺失会限制消费者的购买行为。利用有效的信号揭示和传递机制能缓解市场信息不对称,增进消费者信任,从而促进有机食品消费市场发展。与消费者信任相比,价值感知是影响消费者购买行为的更为直接的因素,不同消费者信任水平导致的购买行为的差异,在一定程度上是通过影响消费者价值感知实现的。因此,提供差别化的产品与服务、加强消费者的良性社交互动,普及和传播食品安全知识,有效提升消费者的价值感知水平和食品安全意识,都有利于有机食品市场培育。     

Bridging the Conceptual Frameworks of Constraints Negotiation and Serious Leisure to Understand Leisure Benefit Realization

Constraints negotiation and serious leisure are two major conceptual frameworks that have developed independently to understand individuals’ leisure participation. Although discrete ideas, they are conceptually similar in light of the fact that they address individuals’ leisure pursuits to attain various desirable benefits. The most important connections between these two frameworks lie in their assertion of different challenges inherent in leisure pursuits together with the need for serious efforts to reach leisure goals. Using a sample of Wisconsin anglers, the goal of this study is to better understand individuals’ benefit realization process by jointly examining the two conceptual frameworks of constraints negotiation and serious leisure. The study results suggest that negotiation strategies or efforts, which are at the center of both perspectives, play a key role in realizing diverse beneficial outcomes and developing unique leisure identities.     

机构投资者参与公司治理行为指引制度研究

机构投资者参与公司治理是发挥中长期资金“压舱石”作用的重要途径,对于提升上市公司质量具有积极意义。研究发现,当前我国机构投资者在参与公司治理方面已取得一定实效,但仍存在总体积极性不高、制度不规范、披露不充分、手段有限、质量较低等问题,激励及引导规则的不足是导致实践困境的重要原因之一。有必要参考境外做法,引进具有软法性质的行为指引制度,构建具有约束力的促进型法制。相应规则的设计应以促进机构投资者有效行使股东权利为核心,着重加强对机构投资者的激励与引导,培育机构投资者自愿、自主和自觉参与公司治理的能力,推动机构投资者积极参与公司治理。     

Compensation negotiation and corporate governance: the evidence from China

This paper examines CEO pay dispersion for the listed companies in China. We apply a two-tier stochastic frontier model to the CEO compensation framework where asymmetric information generates a surplus between the minimum wage that CEOs accept and the maximum payment that firms offer. This surplus leads to CEO pay dispersion coming from the negotiation power between the CEO and the firm. We generate the surplus extracted by each CEO-firm pair and analyze how corporate governance affects them. An empirical analysis finds that: (1) On average, CEOs are paid 23.26% more than the benchmark; (2) additionally, we examine the bargaining power in state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs). We find that CEOs in SOEs have less bargaining power due to compensation regulations. We then examine compensation for new CEOs hired externally and find that CEOs hired externally have less bargaining power on average; and (3) corporate governance has a significant effect on the salary bargaining power of each agent. More specifically, the CEO-Chairman dummy has a significant positive effect on the bargaining power of firms and CEOs, but the latter is larger. Board size has a negative effect on both. Independent directors help improve the bargaining power of the firms and board meeting times help enhance the bargaining power of the CEOs. Equity concentration has a significant negative effect on both sides.     

Assessing preferences for mega sports event travel products: a choice experimental approach

Hosting mega sports events spreads positive destination images and generates massive tourism arrivals for the host communities. It is, therefore, important for tourism businesses to better understand what types of travel products, tailored for particular mega sports events, are purchased by sport tourists. Using a choice experimental approach, this study aims to examine how sport tourists formulate their preferences for travel products customized for the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games by making intricate trade-offs among various product attributes. We utilize a gender perspective to further understand the preference dynamics embedded in segmented sport tourism markets. Study results suggest that sport tourists put distinctive weights on each of the attributes comprising the Olympic travel products. Gender differences are also identified in sport tourists’ choice decisions for sports event travel products. Based on the study findings, this paper proposes several marketing strategies to meet the needs of targeted market segments.     

四川省中国重要农业文化遗产旅游资源价值评价及开发探析

四川是一个农业大省,有8处中国重要农业文化遗产。为促进四川省中国重要农业文化遗产旅游的发展,实现对农业文化遗产的可持续性开发利用和保护,文章首先分析了四川省的中国重要农业文化遗产旅游发展概况以及困境,然后建立了农业文化遗产旅游资源价值评价体系,对8处农业文化遗产的旅游价值进行定量分析。分析结果表明:四川农业文化遗产旅游资源平均得分为7.89分,有5处遗产未达到平均分,但这5处遗产的得分距平均分差距并不大;大部分农业文化遗产的知名度和开发利用程度、相关产业的形成与发展没有与旅游产业形成良好的互动结合。基于分析结果,本文提出了四种促进四川省中国重要农业文化遗产旅游发展的模式,包括实景体验模式、遗产展馆模式、研学旅游模式和联合发展模式。     

基于创新流视角的广东省城市创新体系与职能

在知识经济时代,创新在社会经济发展的作用越来越显著。城市作为创新的重要载体,研究城市创新体系与城市创新职能结构对构建创新型国家具有重要意义。基于城市创新流视角,利用城市创新流强度,揭示了广东城市创新体系与创新职能结构。研究表明:广东形成一个以深圳、广州为塔顶的三级塔型城市创新体系。商贸业是广东创新职能强度最大的部门,其他依次为科教文卫业、金融与房地产业、交通与信息业、工业与建筑业、农林牧渔业、公共管理与服务业。除农林牧渔业外,珠江三角洲是各行业部门创新职能强度的高位区,但不同区域各职能表现不同。     

农村教育结构对中部地区农民收入结构的影响及对策研究

［目的］通过研究农村教育结构对中部地区农民收入结构的影响,为中部地区制定科学合理的农村教育发展政策提供建议。［方法］基于动态面板数据,利用Sys GMM法克服内生性问题进行实证分析。［结果］中部地区农村初等教育程度人力资本提高了农民农业收入占比,降低了农民非农业收入占比以及其他收入占比,不利于农民收入结构优化; 农村中等和高等教育程度人力资本均不利于农民农业收入占比提高,但有利于农民非农业收入占比以及其他收入占比提高,有利于农民收入结构优化,其中农村中等教育程度人力资本未显著提高农民其他收入占比,但与农村高等教育程度人力资本对中部地区农民收入结构的优化作用相比,中等教育程度人力资本的优化作用仍然较大; 分地区看,对于省会地区、地级市地区和县级市地区,中等教育程度人力资本和高等教育程度人力资本均有利于农民收入结构优化,其中省会地区高等教育程度人力资本对农民收入结构的优化作用最大,地级市地区和县级市地区中等教育程度人力资本的优化作用最大。［结论］中部地区为了优化农民收入结构,需进一步发展农村教育,提高农村人口中中等教育程度人力资本和高等教育程度人力资本占比,省会地区要侧重提高农村人口中高等教育程度人力资本占比,地级市地区和县级市地区而言,则需侧重提高农村人口中中等教育程度人力资本占比,但均需注意农村人口教育程度提高对农业收入的不利影响。