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排序方式: 共有143条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
POPULATION AGING AND CONSUMPTION INEQUALITY IN JAPAN 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
This paper analyses how consumption inequality within a fixed cohort grows with age using Japanese household microdata. Following the method developed by Deaton and Paxson (1994), we obtain the following results. First, consumption inequality starts to increase at the age of 40. Second, younger generations face a more unequal distribution from the beginning of their life-cycle. Third, half of the rapid increase in the economy-wide consumption inequality during the 1980s was caused by population aging, while one-third was due to the increasing cohort effect. The paper compares the above results with those of Deaton and Paxson. 相似文献
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结构性困境中的日本经济 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
日本经济自2002年开始复苏,但复苏的国际环境充满不确定性,同时内部经济仍面临结构性困境。日本从20世纪80年代初起为了减少国家财政赤字而实施的新自由主义政策持续地遭遇失败,未偿公债不减反增,而政府每年的公共支出又很难降下来,加上日本向老龄化社会的快速转化使得福利政策的总体预算很难削减,以致国家财政危机不断加深。另外,劳动者工作条件和社会生活条件的恶化以及人口下降的威胁,使得新自由主义在其框架内难以解决日本面临的结构性问题,因而有必要对于马克思关于资本主义的学说进行再思考。 相似文献
54.
This article presents a microfounded model of money with a consumption and an investment market. We consider an economy in which only part of the investment returns can be pledged. A liquidity constraint arises when the pledgeable part of the returns are not enough to pay for investment costs. We show that when the liquidity constraint is binding, agents may make a cash downpayment and money can perform two roles—as a provider of liquidity services and exchange services. The liquidity constraint constitutes a channel though which underinvestment occurs even at low inflation rates. 相似文献
55.
Insufficient sources of internal financing and inaccessibility of external financing are acknowledged as crucial constraints on new investment for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This study examines how capital structure is related to investment decision for SMEs in Vietnam. In particular, we investigate the effect of capital structure on the decision to seek new investment as well as the choice of its financing sources. The main results reveal that SMEs with high financial leverage tend to engage more in seeking new investment. Moreover, empirical results demonstrate that among SMEs seeking new investment, those with higher financial leverage are more likely to choose external financing rather than internal financing. These results confirm the dynamic feature of the pecking order theory in the context of SMEs’ capital structure in Vietnam. 相似文献
56.
Makoto Saito 《The Japanese Economic Review》1998,49(3):271-283
This paper shows that the estimation of non-expected utility (Kreps–Porteus preference) based on the representative agent model is less robust with respect to the departure from complete markets than is the expected utility for the following reasons. First, the precautionary saving caused by uninsured shocks may be evaluated incorrectly. Second, the portfolio held by individual household includes not only marketable assets, but also non-marketable assets (e.g. human capital) in the context of incomplete markets. Third, returns on marketable assets may not provide sufficient information for recovering relevant parameters. The estimated parameters available from the existing empirical research are consistent with the biasedness of parameters implied by this study.
JEL Classification: E44, G12. 相似文献
JEL Classification: E44, G12. 相似文献
57.
Professor Makoto Yano 《Journal of Economics》1990,51(1):27-69
I am grateful to two anonymous referees for useful comments on an earlier version of this paper. 相似文献
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Makoto Yano 《Journal of Mathematical Economics》1984,13(3):225-234
Asymptotic turnpike theorems in the case where the future is discounted are traditionally derived under the assumptions that a utility function is twice differentiable and that is Hessian is negative definite. Replacing these assumptions by a weaker one. I give a proof of the theorem simpler than existing ones. 相似文献
60.