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排序方式: 共有197条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
121.
Melanie Meng Xue 《The Economic history review》2020,73(1):335-336
122.
Cheng-Chang Lin Dung-Ying Lin Melanie M. Young 《Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review》2009,45(4):525-537
Price planning simultaneous determines the service demand (with associated prices) and an operational plan to maximize a carrier’s profit. We modeled this integral-constrained concave program in the link formulation and proposed an implicit enumeration embedded with Lagrangian Relaxation upper bounds to determine the optimal prices. Computations on Taiwan’s time-definite less-than-truckload freight market showed that the carrier needs to simultaneously re-evaluate its network capacity while determining prices. The common practice of distance-based pricing that sets price by a base rate over direct shipment distance underestimates operating cost, specifically operating losses for short distance shipments. 相似文献
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Zizzo Daniel John Parravano Melanie Nakamura Ryota Forwood Suzanna Suhrcke Marc 《Experimental Economics》2021,24(4):1294-1324
Experimental Economics - We present a large scale study where a nationally representative sample of 1000 participants were asked to make real purchases within an online supermarket platform. The... 相似文献
126.
Melanie Banfield 《American journal of economics and sociology》2021,80(1):231-252
In this article, I assess the cost‐value crisis facing institutions of higher education; as the cost of higher education grows, students grow increasingly skeptical of the value of their degrees. The COVID‐19 pandemic has accelerated this crisis as institutions across the country have been forced to move to a fully or partially online model of instruction. In an effort to reduce costs, institutions have increased the number of low‐paid, part‐time adjunct faculty teaching introductory courses and have promoted the use of free and open online educational resources (OER). Both solutions lack sustainability and do little to solve the “value” question of higher education. I demonstrate how a shared‐cost‐profit model could address both issues of sustainability and value. 相似文献
127.
We estimate household equivalence scales, i.e. the needs of additional adults and children relative to a single adult, using income satisfaction data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel. We extend previous studies applying this approach by taking reference income into account. This allows separating needs‐based from reference effects in the determination of income satisfaction. We show that this adjustment helps to overcome a bias causing an overestimation of adults’ and an underestimation of children’s needs‐based equivalence weights. Our results indicate that controlling for income comparisons substantially increases children’s equivalence weight relative to that of adults. 相似文献
128.
Dennis Epple Richard Romano Sinan Sarpa Holger Sieg Melanie Zaber 《The Rand journal of economics》2019,50(1):201-225
We estimate an equilibrium model of private and state college competition that generates realistic pricing patterns for private colleges using a large national data set from the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS). Our analysis distinguishes between tuition variation that reflects efficient pricing to students who generate beneficial peer externalities and variation that reflects arguably inefficient exercise of market power. Our findings indicate substantial exercise of market power and, importantly, sizable variation in this power along the college quality hierarchy and among students with different characteristics. Finally, we conduct policy analysis to examine the consequences of increased availability of quality public colleges in a state. 相似文献
129.
Johannes Becker Jonas Fooken Melanie Steinhoff 《The Scandinavian journal of economics》2019,121(4):1417-1440
In most advanced economies, income tax collection uses third‐party withholding for wage income. Because withholding taxes do not necessarily reflect true effective taxes, these may give false signals of net‐of‐tax pay. We test labor supply responses to such misconceptions using laboratory experiments. Withholding taxes (and the resulting tax refunds) should be behaviorally neutral, but our results show that tax adjustments lead to effort adjustments, which suggests that withholding blurs tax incentives. While there is no statistically significant response in the overall sample, the participants in the subgroup who self‐assess to be motivated by monetary incentives (about half of the total sample) reduce their effort in response to withholding taxes and increase their effort after receiving tax refunds. 相似文献
130.
The Sorting of Female Careers after First Birth: A Competing Risks Analysis of Maternity Leave Duration
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Melanie Arntz Stephan Dlugosz Ralf A. Wilke 《Oxford bulletin of economics and statistics》2017,79(5):689-716
A number of contributions have found evidence that motherhood is a critical life event for women's employment careers. This study presents a detailed analysis for the duration of maternity leave in which young mothers can make a transition into different types of employment, unemployment as well as the next birth. We provide a comprehensive picture of the sorting mechanisms that lead to the differentiation of women's employment careers after birth. Our empirical evidence is derived from large‐linked administrative individual labour market data from Germany for a period of three decades. We obtain unprecedented insights into how women's skills, the quality of the previous job match, firm level characteristics, labour market conditions and leave legislation are related to the length of maternity duration. Expansionary leave policies, e.g. are found to be a key factor for the rising share of women who have their second child out of inactivity. 相似文献