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161.
We investigate the effects of IMF stabilization programs, and the reasons behind the unusually high IMF activity and relatively low program completion rates in Latin America. We base our tests on a panel, and distinguish between IMF program approvals and completion. We find that Latin America has higher output costs of IMF programs (especially when completed), no improvement in the current account, and a much higher likelihood of program failure and recidivism than other regions. The common finding that entering into an IMF-supported program incurs real short-run costs on the economy is entirely driven by the experiences in Latin America. 相似文献
162.
In this study we examine the association among confirming management forecasts, stock prices, and analyst expectations. Confirming management forecasts are voluntary disclosures by management that corroborate existing market expectations about future earnings. This study provides evidence that these voluntary disclosures affect stock prices and the dispersion of analyst expectations. Specifically, we find that the market's reaction to confirming forecasts is significantly positive, indicating that benefits accrue to firms that disclose such forecasts. In addition, although we find no significant change in the mean consensus forecasts (a proxy for earnings expectations) around the confirming forecast date, evidence indicates a significant reduction in the mean and median consensus analyst dispersion (a proxy for earnings uncertainty). Finally, we document a positive association between the reduction of dispersion of analysts' forecasts and the magnitude of the stock market response. Overall, the evidence suggests that confirming forecasts reduce uncertainty about future earnings and that investors price this reduction of uncertainty. 相似文献
163.
Strategic Internet application trends in supply chain management 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Richard A. Lancioni Author Vitae Michael F. Smith Author VitaeAuthor Vitae 《Industrial Marketing Management》2003,32(3):211-217
The Internet is evolving as a powerful force in the new marketplace where the nexus of competition has changed from individual firms to efficient supply chain networks both between firms and within industries. This study explores Internet adoption patterns and operational applications in US supply chain networks. The data reveal that the integration of the Internet into supply chain management applications has increased and has moved away from indiscriminate application of novel Internet technologies towards becoming a focused endeavor with precise expectations and measurable goals. Specifically, the study finds that Internet usage within supply chains is maturing as evidenced by enhanced and increased productivity, reduced costs and increased profit for participating firms. 相似文献
164.
This paper examines the Next Steps development from both contemporaneous and historical perspectives. Specifically, it traces the reliance on a distinct model of management and accounting in Next Steps (1988) and its predecessors (FMI, 1982; and Fulton, 1968). This shows not only that there are a series of commonalities within the details of these various reforms of central government, over the past three decades, but also that these various reforms share foundations which are embedded in 'management thought' on best practice in the 1950s and 1960s. We identify contemporaneous studies in both management and management accounting which could have informed these reforms, and make suggestions for situationally specific means of improving management and accounting in central government. 相似文献
165.
The number and severity of natural catastrophes has increased dramatically over the last decade. As a result, there is now a shortage of capacity in the property catastrophe insurance industry in the U.S. This article discusses how insurance derivatives, particularly the Chicago Board of Trade's catastrophe options contracts, represent a possible solution to this problem. These new financial instruments enable the capital markets to provide the insurance industry with the reinsurance capacity it needs. The capital markets are willing to perform this role because of the new asset class characteristics of securitized insurance risk: positive excess returns and diversification benefits.
The article also demonstrates how insurance companies can use insurance derivatives such as catastrophe options and catastrophe-linked bonds as effective, low-cost risk management tools. In reviewing the performance of the catastrophe contracts to date, the authors report promising signs of growth and liquidity in these markets. 相似文献
The article also demonstrates how insurance companies can use insurance derivatives such as catastrophe options and catastrophe-linked bonds as effective, low-cost risk management tools. In reviewing the performance of the catastrophe contracts to date, the authors report promising signs of growth and liquidity in these markets. 相似文献
166.
Richard A. Graff Michael S. Young 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》1996,13(2):121-142
Correlation estimates for returns between individual properties are subject to large inherent uncertainties due to limits on the amount of data that is likely to be available for the foreseeable future. After allowance for correlation sampling error, it is impossible to distinguish on an ex ante basis between the risk-reduction capabilities of mean-variance portfolio selection models and naive diversification without regard to property type or geographical location. The naive portfolio diversification strategies of typical institutional real estate portfolio managers are rational responses to limitations on the informational content of statistical analyses of historical real estate data. 相似文献
167.
Charlie X. Cai Robert W. Faff David J. Hillier Michael D. McKenzie 《Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting》2006,27(2):125-142
This article empirically investigates the exposure of country-level conditional stock return volatilities to conditional global
stock return volatility. It provides evidence that conditional stock market return volatilities have a contemporaneous association
with global return volatilities. While all the countries included in the study exhibited a significant and positive relationship
to global volatility, emerging market volatility exposures were considerably higher than developed market exposures.
JEL Classification G12 相似文献
168.
R. Stephen Elliott Michael J. Highfield Mark Schaub 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2006,32(4):435-448
We examine whether intra–industry information transfers from going–concern audit opinion announcements create contagion or
competitive stock price reactions for other real estate firms operating in the same line of business. Using returns from publicly-traded
land subdivision/development firms and Real Estate Investment Trusts, we find modest evidence supporting a competitive effect
among rival firms as a result of another real estate firm announcing the receipt of a Going Concern Opinion (GCO) from its
independent auditors. 相似文献
169.
We examine the determinants of underwriter spreads on straight/fixed rate Eurobonds issued by US firms between 1990 and 1998. We find that underwriter spreads are influenced by: (i) the governing law as it influences the timely and orderly renegotiation of contract terms, with bonds governed by English law having significantly lower spreads; (ii) the distribution mechanism, with spreads higher on public issues than private placements; (iii) underwriter reputation, with more reputable underwriters charging higher spreads; and (iv) the choice of currency, with spreads higher in the less frequently used currencies and/or in currencies where underwriting activities are more concentrated. 相似文献
170.
The exchange of taxpayer-specific information between national tax authorities has recently emerged as a key and controversial
topic in international tax policy discussions, most notably with the OECD's harmful tax practices project and the EU's savings
tax initiative. This paper analyzes the effects of information exchange and withholding taxes, recognizing that countries
which agree to exchange information do not forfeit the ability to levy withholding taxes, and also focusing in particular
on the effects of innovative revenue-sharing arrangements. Amongst the findings are that: (i) the transfer of withholding
tax receipts to the residence country, as planned in the European Union, has no effect on equilibrium tax rates, but acts
purely as a lump-sum transfer; (ii) in contrast, allocating some of the revenue from information exchange to the source country—counter
to usual practice (though no less so than the EU agreement)—would have adverse strategic effects on total revenue; (iii) nevertheless,
any withholding tax regime is Pareto dominated by information exchange combined with appropriate revenue sharing; and, in
particular, (iv) sharing of the additional revenues raised from information provided, while efficiency-reducing, could be
in the interests of large countries as a means of persuading small countries to provide that information voluntarily.
JEL Code: H77, H87, F42 相似文献