互动公平视角下耕地征收补偿的组合性均衡定价研究*——以乌鲁木齐市为例

目的]耕地征收纠纷多源于关联主体对补偿公平与否的判断,而化解其纠纷则依赖于对公平信念判断的互相转变。[方法]文章以乌鲁木齐市为例,基于互动公平视角综合运用收益还原法、成本替代法、当量因子法等对耕地的经济价值、社会价值及生态价值进行测算,并对耕地征收补偿进行博弈均衡定价研究。[结果]互动公平视角下乌鲁木齐市2015年耕地征收补偿价值总量为355.689 970万元/hm~2,其中,经济价值为63.426 057万元/hm~2、社会价值为227.258 027万元/hm~2、生态价值为65.005 886万元/hm~2,占比分别为17.83%、63.89%、18.28%,可见耕地对失地农民具有较大的社会价值;相比未植入互动公平信念,耕地价值增加32.335 452万元/hm~2,可见引入关联主体互动公平信念能显化耕地的真实价值,提高征地补偿标准。[结论]通过该文研究将有利于耕地保护与可持续发展,有利于维护失地农民的合法利益,有利于征地工作的顺利推进以减少征地纠纷,同时可为今后有关耕地征收补偿的学术研究提供参考,也可为构建征地补偿标准体系提供新的思路。     

基于碳足迹的设施蔬菜生产环境效率及其分解

[目的]将碳排放纳入生产效率框架来评价设施蔬菜生产效率与资源环境之间的协调关系,对于蔬菜生产的可持续发展具有重要意义。[方法]从碳足迹视角对设施蔬菜生产的环境效率进行评价分析。基于2011—2016年21个设施蔬菜生产省(区)的面板数据,采用SBM模型和Malmquist生产率指数,对主产区蔬菜生产环境效率进行测算和分解。在此基础上,构建环境效率—生产率矩阵对地区低碳化发展潜力进行了评价。[结果]不同蔬菜主产区环境效率存在差异,整体呈现为先升后降的倒U型变动趋势;设施蔬菜生产环境效率损失主要来源于种子、机械排灌等投入冗余以及碳排放过量;蔬菜生产中,技术"退步"是导致环境全要素生产率下降的主要原因,技术效率的提高促进了环境全要素生产率的增长,但未能抵消因技术进步"恶化"所带来的负效应。[结论]第一、二主产区设施蔬菜低碳化转型速度减缓,其他产区低碳化发展处于低迷状态,因此注重低碳生产技术的创新,加强技术推广,发挥技术进步和技术效率提升的协同效应,对加快建设资源节约和环境友好型农业至关重要。     

Competitiveness and entrepreneurship rate in Europe during the economic recovery phase, 2012–2016

Entrepreneurship is key for regional economic development. Regions can offer conditions that promote or limit business innovation activity. As the World Economic Forum points out, promotion and entrepreneurship support have been key factors for European countries to recover lost competitiveness. This study analyzes countries’ competitiveness level during the economic recovery phase using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and the Word Economic Forum Report for the 2012–2016 period. The sample comprises 19 countries of the European Union. The independent variable is Total Entrepreneurship Activity rate (TEA) and the dependent variables are the 12 pillars that measure competitiveness in the GEC Index. The results show that, over time, the macroeconomic environment conditions necessity entrepreneurship but, when the economy recovers, innovation determines the appearance of opportunity entrepreneurship. Differences between countries are less significant regarding entrepreneurial activity and competitiveness; however, patterns for northern and southern Europe still differ.

     

From stand-up to start-up: exploring entrepreneurship competences and STEM women’s intention

International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal - This study seeks to explore the relationship between entrepreneurship competencies and intention (EI) of a sample of potential STEM...     

Key market values for bottled wine in an emerging market: product attributes or business strategy?

ABSTRACT

This article focuses on the emerging bottled Chilean red wine market and studies the main determinants of the consumer price of wine sold on the domestic market. A hedonic price function was estimated for a sample of 810 wines using a quantile regression (QR) model. The database contains three variable groups to explain price: objective variables (national, international and vine quality designations), subjective variables (wine score) and business strategies used by wine producers. Results show that some objective variables have a greater impact on price than the wine score (a subjective variable) and business strategies, which vary for each quartile of prices analysed. Finally, this information will allow companies to design and implement marketing strategies to inform the consumer about the importance of some variables in the price of their product.     

On the Separability of Real and Financial Decisions

The financial manager faces two basic problems: first, the firm’s investment or capital budgeting decision, and second, the financing decision. Capital investment and financing decisions are typically analyzed independently. Capital budgeting criteria proceeds under the simplest possible assumption about financing, namely all-equity financing. The only link between investment and financing decisions is the cost of capital. The basic idea behind Modigliani and Miller’s famous proposition I is that in perfect markets, changes in capital structure do not affect value. As long as the total cash flow generated by the firm’s assets is unchanged by capital structure, value is independent of capital structure. This paper is the first attempt to prove that leverage affects the mathematical structures of the cash flow of financing, and that different mathematical structures of financing cash flows may change the total cash flows generated by the firm or the project, thus altering the value of the firm even in perfect markets. The purpose of this paper is to explore the validity of the separation rule through net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) rules, as representatives of academic and business practice, and compare their results with simulations that will include the financial decision of the firm. A singular experiment proving that we can change the IRR or NPV of an investment modifying the financial structure cannot be used to affirm a universal statement, but it can be used to show that a theory is wrong.     

Multiple switching behaviour in different display formats of multiple price lists

A common approach to elicit risk attitude is the multiple price list with a series of binary choices. However, a frequently observed problem when using multiple price lists is that participants switch more than once from the safer to the riskier option, thus exhibiting multiple switching behaviour. The present study analyses whether the visualization of different multiple price lists reduce multiple switching behaviour. Therefore, we conduct two types of multiple price lists in two different display formats. Participants are randomly assigned into a textual or a visual group and carry out both multiple price lists in the corresponding display format. Our results reveal that different types of multiple price lists lead to differences in the extent of multiple switching behaviour. Moreover, we show that the visualization of a multiple price list can be an instrument to greatly reduce multiple switching behaviour.     

Can mobile phones improve nutrition among pastoral communities? Panel data evidence from Northern Kenya

The digital revolution and the ongoing dissemination of mobile phones carry several prospects for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. Food insecurity and low dietary quality remain major issues among African smallholders. Mobile phones could potentially facilitate access to food markets and thus improve food security and nutrition, but research on such types of effects remains scarce. In this study, we analyze whether mobile phones improve dietary quality among pastoral communities in Northern Kenya. We use six rounds of household panel data covering the period between 2009 and 2015. During this period, mobile phone ownership in the sample increased from less than 30% to more than 70%. Regression models with household fixed effects allow robust estimation while reducing potential issues of unobserved heterogeneity. The estimates show that mobile phone adoption and use are positively and significantly associated with dietary diversity. The effects are particularly large for frequent mobile phone users. We also examine the underlying mechanisms. Mobile phone use improves dietary diversity mainly through better access to purchased foods. These results encourage the promotion of mobile phone technologies as a valuable tool for nutritional improvements, especially in remote rural settings with poor access to food markets.     

The role of road safety in a sustainable urban mobility: An econometric assessment of the Spanish NUTS-3 case

There has been a structural change in mobility in major Spanish cities in recent decades, with a switch to the pattern followed in other countries in the area. A shift has taken place from a traditional Mediterranean model to a North American city stereotype, with uncontrolled motorization and major implications for public health. This article specifically analyzes negative road safety-related externalities that result from this process, given that the trend seems to show a steady decline in road safety accidents on urban roads in Spain, with major differences among NUTS-3 provinces. The objective is to evaluate the factors that empirically explain these differences for the 2003–2013 period using a panel data analysis. Results show that a key role is played by urban development variables, such as population density and improvements in health services, with advances linked to more accessible and sustainable urban transportation, such as the Smart City concept. Not only does this article close a gap in the literature, but the findings can also serve as a practical guide for the development and implementation of urban mobility and road safety plans, and reveals the special needs of the most vulnerable groups.     

Family firm performance: The influence of entrepreneurial orientation and absorptive capacity

This article investigates the influence of entrepreneurial orientation and absorptive capacity on family firm performance. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) was used to analyze empirical data for 218 Spanish family firms. Absorptive capacity positively mediated the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and family firm performance. This total mediation effect suppressed the direct effect of entrepreneurial orientation on family firm performance. A major implication of this finding is that for family firms to improve their performance through entrepreneurial orientation, absorptive capacity must act as a mediator.