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51.
Distance functions are gaining relevance as alternative representations of production technologies, with growing numbers of empirical applications being made in the productivity and efficiency field. Distance functions were initially defined on the input or output production possibility sets by Shephard (1953, 1970) and extended to a graph representation of the technology by Färe, Grosskopf and Lovell (1985) through their graph hyperbolic distance function. Since then, different techniques such as non parametric-DEA and parametric-SFA have been used to calculate these distance functions. However, in the latter case we know of no study in which the restriction to input or output orientation has been relaxed. What we propose is to overcome such restrictiveness on dimensionality by defining and estimating a parametric hyperbolic distance function which simultaneously allows for the maximum equiproportionate expansion of outputs and reduction of inputs. In particular, we introduce a translog hyperbolic specification that complies with the conventional properties that the hyperbolic distance function satisfies. Finally, to illustrate its applicability in efficiency analysis we implement it using a data set of Spanish savings banks. 相似文献
52.
Corporate Social Responsibility as a Vehicle to Reveal the Corporate Identity: A Study Focused on the Websites of Spanish Financial Entities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study explores the relevance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) as an element of the corporate identity of Spanish
financial institutions. Specifically, it aims to analyze the CSR actions developed by financial entities through the analysis
of all the available information disclosed in their websites. A content analysis applied to 82 banking institutions, followed
by different quantitative analyses, reveals the multidimensionality of CSR. Findings show that, while the number of entities
institutionalizing CSR values as core elements of their identities is still reduced, most organizations disclose CSR information
to construct communicated identities and legitimate behaviours. Besides, these dimensions are classified depending on the
stakeholder the action is aimed to, and that entities favour the generation of distinctive identities through the implementation
and communication of more visible CSR actions like those involving their customers or the community. In any case, results
indicate that organizations with certain characteristics are more likely to construct distinctive identities through CSR activities
and to establish ethical and social values within their corporate statements and cultures. 相似文献
53.
54.
The ongoing global financial crisis has led to the largest increase in state intervention since the Great Depression. Direct government ownership in publicly-traded corporations has increased dramatically since 2008. How will this increase in public ownership affect the governance of these erstwhile private companies? We examine the impact of government ownership on corporate governance using a sample of firms from the European Union, a region that is relatively familiar with active government participation. Our main finding is that government ownership is associated with lower governance quality. We further show that while government intervention is negatively related to governance quality in civil law countries, it is positively related to governance quality in common law countries. Finally, we find that the preferential voting rights of golden shares are especially damaging to governance quality. 相似文献
55.
Mansano Rafael Esteves Allem Luiz Emilio Del-Vecchio Renata Raposo Hoppen Carlos 《Quality and Quantity》2022,56(4):2325-2340
Quality & Quantity - A portfolio associated with a balanced signed graph that contains both positive and negative edges is more predictable and risk-averse, and is therefore likely to require... 相似文献
56.
Vela Esthela Galván Tovar Yesenia Sánchez Limón Mónica Lorena Sánchez Ravina-Ripoll Rafael 《Quality and Quantity》2022,56(5):3699-3727
Quality & Quantity - The complexity of business dynamics demands that companies search for alternative ways to ensure their growth and survival. Thus intrapreneurship emerges as an ad-hoc... 相似文献
57.
This paper analyzes the role of default risk in the momentum effect focusing on data from four developed European stock markets (France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom). Using a market‐based measure of default risk, we show that it is not the hidden factor behind this effect. While the loser portfolio is characterized by high default risk, small size, high book‐to‐market and illiquidity, characterization of the winner portfolio is somewhat more complex. Given that the momentum strategy is the return differential between the winners and the losers, factors such as the stock market cycle or the evolution of momentum portfolios against their reference point make momentum profits difficult to forecast. 相似文献
58.
Institutional distance and foreign direct investment 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
59.
Regis A. Ely Rafael Parfitt Andr Carraro Felipe Garcia Ribeiro 《Review of Development Economics》2019,23(4):1863-1890
This paper evaluates the impact of Brazil's National Program to Strengthen Family Farming (PRONAF) on the time allocation of household members. We use data from the 2014 Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios, and we apply propensity score methods to complex surveys recently recommended in the literature. We find that PRONAF helps to increase focus on agricultural activities, but it also stimulates female partners to engage in unpaid work. The results show significant effects of PRONAF on child labor and on the gender‐specific division of labor within households, although it does not have the usual adverse effects of rural credit programs on school attendance. 相似文献
60.
José María Gómez Gras Domingo Rafael Galiana Lapera Ignacio Mira Solves Antonio José Verdú Jover Javier Sancho Azuar 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2008,4(2):187-198
Given the importance in recent years of the phenomenon of academic entrepreneurship in European universities, knowledge about
determinants and performance of this technology transfer mechanism may have important managerial and policy implications.
Applying the resource-based view at universities, we have tested the influence of five bundles of resources and capabilities
on spin-off activity rates as well as on the performance of new spin-offs in a sample of seven European universities. These
five bundles are: technology transfer policies and strategies; human capital; stock of technology; resources and capabilities
of technology transfer offices; and support measures for academic entrepreneurship. Our results show that excellence of human
capital and the presence of university-based financial support measures are strongly associated with both spin-off activity
and performance. Another interesting finding is related to the availability of university-based non-economic support measures
(training, counselling, etc.), which have no influence on spin-off activity but are significantly associated with performance
of new spin-offs. We also discuss some interesting relationships between explanatory variables. 相似文献