全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5540篇 |
免费 | 126篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 1208篇 |
工业经济 | 477篇 |
计划管理 | 947篇 |
经济学 | 1048篇 |
综合类 | 80篇 |
运输经济 | 47篇 |
旅游经济 | 87篇 |
贸易经济 | 974篇 |
农业经济 | 307篇 |
经济概况 | 490篇 |
邮电经济 | 2篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 29篇 |
2020年 | 71篇 |
2019年 | 87篇 |
2018年 | 98篇 |
2017年 | 98篇 |
2016年 | 110篇 |
2015年 | 66篇 |
2014年 | 111篇 |
2013年 | 652篇 |
2012年 | 166篇 |
2011年 | 176篇 |
2010年 | 156篇 |
2009年 | 176篇 |
2008年 | 184篇 |
2007年 | 161篇 |
2006年 | 167篇 |
2005年 | 138篇 |
2004年 | 137篇 |
2003年 | 147篇 |
2002年 | 169篇 |
2001年 | 135篇 |
2000年 | 120篇 |
1999年 | 135篇 |
1998年 | 108篇 |
1997年 | 106篇 |
1996年 | 100篇 |
1995年 | 96篇 |
1994年 | 82篇 |
1993年 | 86篇 |
1992年 | 79篇 |
1991年 | 69篇 |
1990年 | 69篇 |
1989年 | 66篇 |
1988年 | 69篇 |
1987年 | 64篇 |
1986年 | 75篇 |
1985年 | 98篇 |
1984年 | 91篇 |
1983年 | 89篇 |
1982年 | 74篇 |
1981年 | 77篇 |
1980年 | 79篇 |
1979年 | 60篇 |
1978年 | 72篇 |
1977年 | 83篇 |
1976年 | 45篇 |
1975年 | 48篇 |
1974年 | 55篇 |
1973年 | 38篇 |
1972年 | 30篇 |
排序方式: 共有5667条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Richard B. Howarth 《Ecological Economics》2007,63(4):656-663
This paper examines the concept of sustainability and its implications for environmental policy analysis. It builds on the premise that present society holds a moral obligation to pass on a world of undiminished life opportunities to members of future generations. Maintaining life opportunities, in turn, can be achieved by maintaining or improving a diverse set of resources and capabilities that support a person's freedom to define and pursue her own conception of the good life. On an operational level, this framework points to the following guideline for environmental policy: Protecting the rights of future generations requires either the conservation of environmental resources or compensatory measures (including the provision of substitute technologies) that ensure the fair and proportionate sharing of net benefits over intergenerational time scales. In this framework, resource depletion is permissible only if (with reasonable certainty) it would generate a Pareto improvement relative to a baseline scenario involving strict resource conservation. 相似文献
52.
One main problem with both acquisitions and alliances is separating the attractive partners from the rest. An additional problem with alliances is getting each partner to provide its best assets and efforts. One solution offered for the acquisition adverse selection problem is due diligence through a pre-acquisition alliance; however, none of the papers recommending such an approach analyze the alliance adverse selection and moral hazard problems. This paper presents the first formal model of joint venturing as acquisition due diligence, detailing how the joint solution works and under what conditions.revised version received October 20, 2003 相似文献
53.
Cost Heterogeneity and the Potential Savings from Market-Based Policies 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Policy makers and analysts are often faced with situations where it is unclear whether market-based instruments hold real promise of reducing costs, relative to conventional uniform standards. We develop analytic expressions that can be employed with modest amounts of information to estimate the potential cost savings associated with market-based policies, with an application to the environmental policy realm. These simple formulae can identify instruments that merit more detailed investigation. We illustrate the use of these results with an application to nitrogen oxides control by electric utilities in the United States. 相似文献
54.
THE SOCIAL ACCOUNTS FROM A CONSUMER'S POINT OF VIEW 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
After a short introduction, the first part of this paper (section 3 through 9) provides an outline of the revisions proposed to the System of National Accounts (SNA) of the United Nations which are now under discussion. These proposals were considered by an expert group at the end of 1964 and were accepted by the Statistical Commission of the United Nations in 1965 as the basis for further work on the extension and revision of the SNA. The aim of the revision is to provide a fully integrated system of accounts and balance sheets in which input-output, flows-of-funds and sector balance sheets are incorporated in a generalised accounting framework. Whereas the real side of the economy has been studied analytically in many countries (input-output analysis, demand analysis and so on) much less experience is available on modelling the financial side of the economy, apart from econometric work on saving behaviour, which is fairly widespread. Accordingly, the second part of the paper (sections 10 through 14) contains a discussion of financial model-building in which a number of possibilities are explored. The final topic discussed (section 15) is demographic accounting, by which is meant a framework for recording and analysing human, as opposed to economic, flows and stocks. The development of such a system arose out of the emphasis placed by the expert group on the integration of demographic and economic information. 相似文献
55.
Independent payphone providers in 1995 held a 17.4 percent national share of payphones. Their shares and state regulators' policies vary greatly by state. We test the determinants of IPPs' shares in 1996, finding that they increase with the allowed local-call rate, with "dial-round compensation," and with the degree to which regulators have removed LEC competitors' incentives to carry inflated payphone investments. Weak evidence suggests that regulation of intrastate long-distance rates may help to solve the IPP's problem of committing not to overcharge. Under the Telecommunications Act of 1996, states' policy differences and interstate differences in IPPs' shares will likely narrow. 相似文献
56.
MEASURING THE DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT: A NOTE 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
57.
Exporting involves sunk costs, so some firms export whilst others do not. This proposition derives from a number of models of firm behavior and has been exposed to microeconometric analysis. Evidence from the latter suggests that exporting firms are generally more productive than nonexporters. They self‐select, in that they are more productive before they enter export markets, but the evidence suggests that entry does not make them any more productive. This paper investigates exporting and firm performance for a large panel of UK manufacturing firms, applying matching techniques. The authors find that exporters are more productive and they do self‐select. In contrast to other evidence, however, exporting further increases firm productivity. 相似文献
58.
Natural resources, capital accumulation and the resource curse 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Richard M. Auty 《Ecological Economics》2007,61(4):627-634
Early concern by economists for the effect of natural capital on economic growth gave way to complacency and neglect during the nineteenth century. Evidence has emerged, however, that since the 1960s the economic performance of low-income countries has been inversely related to their natural resource wealth. This relationship is not a deterministic one so policy counts. SEEA can help improve the policy and performance of resource-abundant low-income countries by reinforcing the rationale for the sound management of natural resources and also by providing an index of policy sustainability in the form of the net saving rate. This policy index, along with other measures such as a capital fund for sterilizing the rent, initiatives to increase the transparency of rent flows and the rigorous evaluation of alternative uses of additional public sector revenue can improve the efficiency by which natural resource rent is transformed into alternative forms of capital to sustain rising social welfare. Chad and Mauritania provide case studies to illustrate how SEEA and net saving can be used to diagnose policy failure and improve economic performance. 相似文献
59.
Richard A. Easterlin 《Journal of Evolutionary Economics》1995,5(4):393-408
In little more than a century life expectancy has doubled in most parts of the world. Neither facts nor theory support the view that this Mortality Revolution is due to the Industrial Revolution and the era of rapid economic growth that ensued. Rather, both revolutions mark the onset of accelerated and sustained technological change in their respective areas. They occur largely independently of each other, the later occurrence of the Mortality Revolution being due to the later development of biomedical vis-a-vis physical knowledge. Comparative study of the two should prove fruitful. Although entrepreneurship is important in each, there appear to be differences in the underlying motivations and the role of private property and other institutions. Links between technological change, on the one hand, and scale of operation, capital inputs, and education, on the other, also offer promising possibilities for comparative study.The author is grateful to Donna Hokoda Ebata and Christine M. Schaeffer for excellent assistance, the University of Southern California for financial support, and to Eileen M. Crimmins, Samuel H. Preston, Morton O. Schapiro, Roger S. Schofield, and two referees for helpful comments. 相似文献
60.
Richard F. Pollock Fabien Colaone Laura Guardiola Suki Shergill Victoria K. Brennan 《Journal of medical economics》2020,23(6):593-602
AbstractBackground and aims: A wide range of treatment options are available for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including systemic treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as sorafenib and lenvatinib, immunotherapies, locoregional therapies such as selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) and treatments with curative intent such as resection, radiofrequency ablation and liver transplantation. Given the substantial economic burden associated with HCC treatment, the aim of the present analysis was to establish the cost of using SIRT with SIR-Spheres yttrium-90 (Y-90) resin microspheres versus TKIs from healthcare payer perspectives in France, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom (UK).Methods: A cost model was developed to capture the costs of initial systemic treatment with sorafenib (95%) or lenvatinib (5%) versus SIRT in patients with HCC in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages B and C. A nested Markov model was utilized to model transitions between progression-free survival (PFS), progression and death, in addition to transitions between subsequent treatment lines. Cost and resource use data were identified from published sources in each of the four countries.Results: Relative to TKIs, SIRT with SIR-Spheres Y-90 resin microspheres were found to be cost saving in all four country settings, with the additional costs of the microspheres and the SIRT procedure being more than offset by reductions in drug and drug administration costs, and treatment of adverse events. Across the four country settings, total cost savings with SIR-Spheres Y-90 resin microspheres fell within the range 5.4–24.9% and SIRT resulted in more patients ultimately receiving treatments with curative intent (4.6 vs. 1.4% of eligible patients).Conclusion: SIR-Spheres Y-90 resin microspheres resulted in cost savings relative to TKIs in the treatment of unresectable HCC in all four country settings, while increasing the proportion of patients who become eligible for treatments with curative intent. 相似文献