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151.
This study examines the impacts of service guarantee in terms of consumers' perceived purchase risks, loyalty, complaint behaviors, and intent to use “word-of-mouth” within the context of the casual dining restaurant segment. The scenario method was developed and used to test the research hypotheses. The results of the study reveal that a well-executed service guarantee could reduce consumers' perceived purchase risks, and increase a positive word-of-mouth and customer loyalty. On the other hand, it also raises consumers' intent to complain upon service failure. Furthermore, the results of the study indicate that a “specific” service guarantee is much more effective in reducing consumers' perceived purchase risks, and increasing consumers' intent to claim after a service failure as opposed to an “unconditional” service guarantee. The results of the study suggest that a service guarantee offered by independent restaurants could offer a competitive advantage over brand restaurants not offering a service guarantee. 相似文献
152.
Muhammad Ramzan Bin Sheng Muhammad Shahbaz Jian Song 《The journal of international trade & economic development》2013,22(8):960-995
ABSTRACTThe objective of this study is to empirically explore the impact of trade openness on GDP growth initiating with the idea that trade openness cannot be fully characterized through the different openness measures only, we propose to account for total factor productivity (TFP) development level as an additional dimension of countries’ trade integration. Our empirical application is based on 35 years’ balanced panel of 82 countries spanning 1980–2014. To address the potential endogeneity issue, we use the system GMM estimator developed for dynamic panel data models. The results outline that there exists an interesting non-linear pattern between trade openness and GDP growth when TFP development level is taken as an intervening variable into account: trade may have a negative impact on GDP growth when countries have specialized in low-TFP development level; trade openness clearly boosts GDP growth once countries exhibit a minimum threshold of TFP development level. Therefore, there is some pattern of complementarity between trade openness and TFP development level so that the higher the TFP development level, the higher the impact of the trade openness on GDP growth. 相似文献
153.
Investcorp is a low-profile investment banking company that was originally founded on the tiny island of Bahrain in the Arabian Gulf. Although little known to the general public, the company is a major player in North American and European investment markets. This case study presents a profile of the company, its founder, Nemir Kirdar, and his three “founding friends.” It relates details of the company's successes and explores how these were achieved. As most of the original Management Committee members are preparing to retire, efforts are being made to ensure the continuing prosperity of the company. This requires the risky step of appointing an almost completely new management team. Readers are invited to reflect on the likely success of this strategy and whether Investcorp's focus on North America and Europe remains appropriate in a global marketplace. 相似文献
154.
Power, Property Rights and the Issue of Land Reform: A General Case Illustrated with Reference to Bangladesh 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mushtaq Husain Khan 《Journal of Agrarian Change》2004,4(1-2):73-106
The argument for land reform is most persuasive when the proposed land reform promises not only to improve distribution but also to increase growth and efficiency. Such is the promise in the GKI advocacy of radical redistributive land reform. In this paper, first (a) the Griffin, Khan and Ickowitz (GKI) and (b) World Bank positions on land reform are compared, and their points of agreement and disagreement identified. Secondly, the political economy of Bangladesh is examined to evaluate the appropriateness of these two competing neoclassical approaches for understanding the constraints in the agrarian sector. Thirdly, it is argued that the anomalous evidence on land transactions and productivity in Bangladesh cannot be easily accommodated within purely economic models of markets in the way that the neoclassical approach attempts. Paradoxically, both the World Bank's focus on institutional reform and GKI's focus on radical land reform are derived from such attempts and both suffer from similar empirical and theoretical problems. There is a strong case for going back to Brenner-type political economy approaches for understanding the dynamism and constraints facing agrarian transitions. Such an approach puts the analysis of class and power at the centre stage of an analysis of structure and change in the agrarian economy, and focuses on the distribution of power that prevents primitive accumulation in some countries leading to a capitalist transformation. 相似文献
155.
M.Ali Khan 《Journal of development economics》1982,10(2):245-256
In this note, we show that a recent observation of Brecher-Alejandro as regards tariff-induced capital inflows ‘essentially’ extends to a setting with urban unemployment, three factors of production and a variety of labor market conditions in the urban sector. 相似文献
156.
Kabir-ur-Rahman Khan 《Food Policy》1979,4(1):15-25
The author provides an analysis of the regulation of the world cocoa market by the International Cocoa Agreement 1975. He considers the Agreement from a legal perspective, examining it as an instrument of economic regulation, as a tool for achieving the goals of the New International Economic Order, and as an example of reciprocity between exporting and importing nations. 相似文献
157.
Kul B. Luintel Mosahid Khan Philip Arestis Konstantinos Theodoridis 《Journal of development economics》2008
Recent empirical work on financial structure and economic growth analyzes multi-country dataset in panel and/or cross-section frameworks and concludes that financial structure is irrelevant. We highlight their shortcomings and re-examine this issue utilizing a time series and a Dynamic Heterogeneous Panel methods. Our sample consists of fourteen countries. Tests reveal that cross-country data cannot be pooled. Financial structure significantly explains output levels in most countries. The results are rigorously scrutinized through bootstrap exercises and they are robust to extensive sensitivity tests. We also test for several hypotheses about the prospective role of financial structure and financial development on economic growth. 相似文献
158.
We examine if a gender gap persists in executive compensation and if the composition and the determinants of executive compensation
for men versus women are the same for the S&P1500 listed firms during the period from 1992 to 2004. This analysis is also
extended to high tech firms, where high scholarship is required both for male and female executives. The results reveal that
the gender gap in executive compensation is reducing essentially after the year 2000. Also, the factors that explain the variation
in executive compensation are not all the same for men and women. However, firms continue to pay women, who are considered
more risk averse than men, a similar proportion of risky compensation components, such as stock options and restricted stocks,
than they pay to men. In terms of technology firms, we find that the gender differences in total compensation are not statistically
significant. Our study offers insight into recent data for executive compensation. The finding that the gender gap diminishes
is a sign of a better functioning market for executives. Our findings could be potentially useful for compensation committees
in order to develop compensation packages that take into consideration the degree of risk aversion in order to enhance performance.
Compensation adjusted for risk aversion can produce a higher level of satisfaction for the employees and can lead to better
performances. Future research should focus on international comparison of various dimensions of executive compensation. 相似文献
159.
Adalat Khan 《Journal of Leadership Studies》2009,3(3):75-78
“Although American higher education can justifiably take pride in its capacity to develop the student's ability to manipulate the material world through its programs in science, medicine, technology, and commerce, it has paid relatively little attention to the student's “inner” development—the sphere of values and beliefs, emotional maturity, moral development, spirituality, and self‐understanding.” —from the Foreword to Encouraging Authenticity and Spirituality in Higher Education by Alexander W. Astin and Helen S. Astin 相似文献
160.
This research is the first comparative attempt incorporating the role of economic, demographic, sectoral contribution, government and trade in explaining financial development for India and China. Using time-series estimations, we establish that institutional quality and government size impede financial development, whereas urbanization, industrialization and service sector growth help in financial development for both countries. Trade openness also enhances Indian financial development but hinders Chinese financial development. We suggest that the policy advisers should not underestimate the role of urbanization, industrialization and service sector growth in implementing financial development. Finally, we find that the institutions and governments will play a key role for both economies in enhancing finance and growth. 相似文献