会计信息管制的二元逻辑框架探析

本文主要探讨了会计信息管制的二元逻辑框架。首先将对会计信息的管制区分为会计信息质量管制及会计信息数量管制。会计信息质量管制的逻辑根源在于证券市场上的功能锁定现象。会计信息数量管制的逻辑根源在于会计信息市场的市场失灵,主要包括会计信息生产的垄断性、会计信息的不对称分布、会计信息的外部性及公共物品属性。     

Some aspects of random permutation models in finite population sampling theory

Summary We first consider Neyman's optimum allocation of sample size to strata in the light of available auxiliary information for which a suitable random permutation model is assumed. For a special case of this model the allocation of the sample size reduces to the same as when a certain superpopulation regression model is assumed. Motivated by this, more generally, we discuss some optimality results under random permutation models and compare them with the corresponding results when a superpopulation regression model is assumed.     

Balking and reneging in M/G/1 systems with post-ponable interruptions

Summary This paper considers the effect of postponable interruptions on aM/G/1 queueing process where customers balk with probabilityn/N (n=0, 1, 2, …,N) and renege after having waited for a random length of time. The busy period process in which transitions from any state (m, n) to any other state are permitted without an intermediate passage to the empty state, is investigated employing the supplementary variable method and discrete transforms. Later, the general process in which busy periods alternate with idle periods has been discussed in terms of the busy period process and renewal distributions and finally the ergodic properties of the general process studied by appealing to some results of renewal theory.     

A test of goodness-of-fit based on extreme spacings with some efficiency comparisons

Tests for the goodness-of-fit problem based on sample spacings, i.e., observed distances between successive order statistics, have been used in the literature. We propose a new test based on the number of “small” and “large” spacings. The asymptotic theory under close alternative sequences is also given thus enabling one to calculate the asymptotic relative efficiencies of such tests. A comparison of the new test and other spacings tests is given.     

Queuing with balking and reneging in M|G|1 systems

Summary AM|G|1 queuing process in which units balk with a constant probability (1−β) and renege according to a negative exponential distribution has been considered. The busy period process is first investigated making use of the supplementary variable technique and discrete transforms. The expression for the joint distribution of the number of customers serviced during a busy period and the length of the busy period has been derived. FollowingGaver (1959) the general process is investigated and making use of renewal theory the ergodic properties of the general process have been studied. It has been shown that as long as reneging is permitted (α>0), the steady states always exist, but when no reneging is permitted (α=0), the steady states exist only whenλ β η<1.     

开征燃油税对中国经济的影响:基于CGE观点

燃油税的开征无疑会对整个社会经济和居民福利带来重大影响。本文通过"可计算一般均衡模型"(CGE)模拟出我国开征燃油税前后的经济运行情况,在生产技术、社会福利、税负等几个方面进行前后对比,并通过模型计算结果对我国燃油税的开征方案提出了建议:开征燃油税的目标应该明确而集中,在考虑效率目标的同时应当充分考虑公平原则,处理好燃油税的征管问题。     

Developing service climate in local vs. foreign firms in smaller Asian emerging markets: a resource-based and social exchange perspective

While research on drivers of service climate has focused on organisational resources and human resource practices such as training, employee autonomy and inter-departmental support, how these resources interrelate and influence service climate has not been examined, especially in the context of smaller Asian emerging market. Drawing on the resource-based view and its extension on dynamic capability, and social exchange theory, this qualitative study investigates how local and foreign firms in smaller Asian emerging markets create a favourable service climate. Our findings suggest three inter-related groups of factors that influence service climate, namely firm-based, market-based and culture-based drivers. Notably, foreign service firms perform better than their local counterparts in several firm-based drivers (e.g. service-oriented human resource management practices, work facilitation resources). Our study proposes a conceptual framework that integrates inter-relationships of organisational resource-based factors and explains how internal and external factors drive service climate in firms in smaller Asian emerging markets.     

Payout flexibility and capital expenditure

Over the past two decades or so, repurchases have become an appealing method for disbursing cash to shareholders compared to the traditional dividends. Managerial perception as well as empirical evidence suggests that repurchases are inherently more flexible than dividends, which may account for their increasing popularity. The rigidity of dividends and the apparent flexibility of share repurchases could impact firm investments. Firms may forego profitable investment opportunities to maintain their dividend levels, while repurchases could be easily scaled back to fund profitable investment projects without fear of an adverse market reaction. We test the flexibility hypothesis of repurchases by regressing capital expenditures on repurchases and dividends in addition to other control variables. Consistent with our hypotheses, we find an inverse relationship between capital expenditures and repurchases but an insignificant relationship with dividends. Further, we find that the flexibility associated with repurchases is especially evident for firms that are financially constrained, and during the recent financial crisis period when external capital constraints were severe. Finally, we find that flexibility of repurchases with respect to capital expenditures is stronger in the more recent time period during which regulatory changes made repurchases more attractive as a mechanism to disburse cash back to shareholders.     

建设工程甲控乙购材料的控制管理

甲控乙购的材料管理是优于甲供材料管理的优化型建设工程材料管理模式,合理的运用该管理模式既能保证工程质量,又能节约建设资金,还可以简化建设项目管理的程序。