供应链管理的系统分析

引言：供应链是一个由独立或半独立经济实体所形成的网络体系,这个体系通过经济实体的企业行为,对一个或多个产品相关的原料采购、生产制造和产品销售发生作用.由于供应链组成结构及运作的情况直接关系到企业整个经营过程的好坏,所以在快速满足最终用户需求的前提下,供应链必须具备对市场变化快速响应的能力,能够实现整个供应链的优化运行.     

北京市总体规划修编的技术支持:方案规划应用实例

制定或编制城市规划或未来城市空间发展模式是一个重要的工作,客观地评价城市规划也同等重要.本文在北京城市总体规划修编中,应用方案规划的理念和方法技术,描述量化城市规划方案和定量客观地评价规划方案的技术可行性.这种规划方法可以避免或减少规划方案评价的主观因素,提高决策的科学性.北京市总体规划修编的技术支持项目在三个层面取得了规划上的突破:1)首次定量地把人口分布和就业分布(包括人口密度和就业密度)纳入城市规划方案中来;2)首次定量地评价城市规划方案;3)首次全面地将城市经济理论,国际城市发展经验融合到城市发展规划方案中.     

基于物联网的设施农业在线管控系统设计

为实现设施农业的自动化管理,提高工作效率、降低劳动成本,提出了一种基于物联网技术的设施农业在线管控系统。从应用层、感知层、网络层三方面对物联网技术在设施农业方面的应用进行了分析,对设施农业在线管控系统的系统体系结构、系统功能、软件架构及网络架构进行了详细阐述;为实现设施农业的自动控制和智能化管理,科学预测和科学种植提供了依据。     

基于管理有效性的物流企业绩效评价研究

鉴于传统绩效评价的局限性,在建立物流企业绩效评价体系的基础上,通过管理有效性的方法对我国27家物流企业2011-2012年间的数据进行管理绩效的实证分析,根据评价结果使企业认识到管理的差距与不足,同时验证了管理有效性的评价方法是对传统绩效评价的有效补充。     

Do environmental regulations hamper small enterprises' market entry? Evidence from China

Due to the serious increase of environmental pollution in China, environmental regulations have become significantly stringent. Such regulations are playing an increasingly important role in the development of small enterprises (SEs) in China, especially in SEs' market entry. However, existing studies pay little attention to this issue. This paper investigates for the first time the effect of environmental regulations on SEs' market entry and the mechanism of environmental regulation effects in China. We consider two sets of panel data for the periods 2003–2010 and 2012–2015 in China. We also use the fixed effect model and the instrumental variable method to explore the role of environmental regulations in SEs' market entry. The results show that, overall, environmental regulations play a significantly positive and robust role in SEs' market entry. However, the mechanisms associated with the effect of environmental regulations on different innovative types of SEs differ. Environmental regulations promote the market entry of SEs with product innovation, but this impact is not significant for SEs with research and development (R&D) activities and R&D institutions. Our findings indicate that China's SEs prefer product innovation, which is a lower level innovative type, over R&D innovation, as a means to avoid the negative impact of stringent environmental regulations.     

Monitoring recessions: A Bayesian sequential quickest detection method

Monitoring business cycles faces two potentially conflicting objectives: accuracy and timeliness. To strike a balance between these dual objectives, we propose a Bayesian sequential quickest detection method to identify turning points in real time with a sequential stopping time as a solution. Using four monthly indexes of real economic activity in the United States, we evaluated the method’s real-time ability to date the past five recessions. The proposed method identified similar turning-point dates as the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), with no false alarms, but on average, it dated peaks four months faster and troughs 10 months faster relative to the NBER announcement. The timeliness of our method is also notable compared to the dynamic factor Markov-switching model: the average lead time was about five months when dating peaks and two months when dating troughs.     

运用功能成本分析法降低建筑工程材料成本

建筑工程材料成本的高低直接影响着建筑企业的经济效益。文章根据功能成本分析原理,采用价值工程的基本公式V=F/C,从建筑工程设计阶段、采购阶段和施工阶段分析了建筑材料功能、成本和价值的关系,进一步探讨了降低材料成本的方法。     

工具变量法综列单位根检验的有偏性及其修正

Chang（2002）基于非线性工具变量估计，提出了对截面相关综列数据进行单位根检验的SN检验，在综列数据生成过程不舍飘移和时间趋势时具有良好的表现。但我们的研究表明，在非平稳综列数据含有确定性趋势时，SN检验是有偏的，不再服从标准正态的渐近分布，而需要进行修正。本文基于蒙特卡罗仿真试验提出了一种简便的修正方法，修正后的SN检验统计量渐近分布为标准正态分布。仿真结果表明，修正后的SN检验具有更好的有限样本性质和较高的检验势。     

提高公务员素质应注重英语能力的培养

作为国家公共管理和公共服务的主体,公务员的其整体能力和水平不仅关系到党的执政能力和政府的管理能力、服务水平,也关系到我国全面建设小康社会的伟大进程。当今世界,全球化的趋势日趋明显,国际间的交往日益频繁,公务员的素质培训也应与时俱进,而外语作为现代公务员必备的能力之一,应该得到充分重视。     

海上强制责任保险中的直接诉讼制度

强制责任保险在国际海上保险领域已经广泛存在,但在中国,不管理论还是实践都不够完善。强制责任保险中包含了很多值得讨论的问题,如保险范围、责任限额、直接诉讼制度和保险人的抗辩等。本文将挑选其中的直接诉讼权,从其含义、意义、理论根据等对强制责任保险中的直接诉讼权进行分析,并兼对《海事诉讼特别程序法》的第97条进行讨论。