利用人工神经网络的RSSI测距优化技术研究

基于RSS(I接收信号强度指示)的测距技术是一项低成本和低复杂度的距离测量技术,被广泛应用于基于测距的无线传感器网络的定位技术中。由于室内环境中存在非视距和多径传输的影响,测距误差比较大。针对这个问题,本文提出了一种递推平均滤波和高斯模型相结合的R值筛选策略以及一种利用人工神经网络的距离估计方法。实验表明:通过合理的R值筛选策略和距离估计算法,RSSI测距的精度和抗干扰能力得到了明显的提高。     

Evaluation of the convergence between “self-reporters” and “proxies” in a disability questionnaire by means of behaviour coding method

Household surveys often require including proxy reporters to obtain information about other household members who cannot be interviewed. The participation of proxies can undermine survey data quality due to the fact that proxies must respond to questions thinking about other people. The objectives of the present study were to analyze the behaviour of proxy reporters and evaluate the convergence between the answers given by proxies and self-reporters by means of behaviour coding. This improves the evaluation of convergence, since only adequate (i.e., interpretable) answers given by both types of informant are taken into account. Responses to a disability questionnaire employed by an official statistical institute were analyzed. The questionnaire includes 11 questions about different limitations related to everyday activities. 16 self-reporter and 16 proxies formed 16 couples whose members lived together and supported a direct family relation. The results show a high percentage (52%) of convergence between both types of informant, although fluctuating across the questions and the couples. Proxies showed relatively more adequate behaviour during the interaction than self-reporters. From this we conclude that proxies can be considered at least as good informants as self-reporters from an interviewer-respondent interaction perspective. Future research should address the impact of proxy responses on survey validity.     

Modelling Heterogeneity in Response Behaviour Towards a Sequence of Discrete Choice Questions: A Probabilistic Decision Process Model

There is a growing body of evidence in the non-market valuation literature suggesting that responses to a sequence of discrete choice questions tend to violate the assumptions typically made by analysts regarding independence of responses and stability of preferences. Decision processes (or heuristics) such as value learning and strategic misrepresentation have been offered as explanations for these results. While a few studies have tested these heuristics as competing hypotheses, none has investigated the possibility that each explains the response behaviour of a subgroup of the population. In this paper, we make a contribution towards addressing this research gap by presenting a probabilistic decision process model designed to estimate the proportion of respondents employing defined heuristics. We demonstrate the model on binary and multinomial choice data sources and find three distinct types of response behaviour. The results suggest that accounting for heterogeneity in response behaviour may be a better way forward than attempting to identify a single heuristic to explain the behaviour of all respondents.     

醋酸丙酸纤维素的性质及应用

文章综述了醋酸丙酸纤维素的物理性能、化学性能、加工性能和溶解性能,以及醋酸丙酸纤维素在涂料、塑料和油墨等方面的应用。     

The Hong Kong Fish Marketing Organization

This essay provides an explanation of the phenomenon of an apparent secular fall in captured fisheries outputs in Hong Kong transacted through the Fish Marketing Organisation. The latter is a government monopoly, with the power to compel sale of landed fish through its licensed buyers, established and protected by law. The institutional characteristic of this organisation can also explain the evolution of marine fish culture industry in the area that is not subject to the forced‐sale regulation of the Organisation, and the diversity of species commonly observed in the consumer market of cultured fish. The observed reduction in fisheries output in Hong Kong can be the consequence of regulation rather than a lack of regulation, as the ‘the tragedy of commons’ would seem to imply. Our analysis also demonstrates why the Fish Marketing Organisation has suffered from a growing budgetary deficit in recent years.     

The Impact of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children on Child Health

Data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey are used to analyze the effect of the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Program and other factors on the health of U.S. preschool children. Ordered probit equations are estimated for the physician's overall evaluation of the child's health. The WIC Program has a significant positive impact on the overall health of children. In particular, children in households participating in WIC are significantly more likely to be in excellent health. Increased household income also improves their health.     

对企业合并准则的几点看法

财政部于2006年2月15日参照国际会计准则制定并发布了《企业会计准则20号——企业合并》,加速了中国会计准则与国际会计准则接轨,推动了中国会计准则国际化进程。但新准则在制定过程中仍存在一些问题,本文主要分析了企业合并准则存在的几个问题,并提出了改进的建议。     

A new relative skill measure for games with chance elements

An interesting aspect of games is the relative extent to which a player can positively influence his results by making appropriate strategic choices. This question is closely related to the issue of how to distinguish between games of skill and games of chance. The distinction between these two types of games is definitely interesting from a juridical point of view. In this paper we present a modification of an existing measure of the skill level of a game, which has served as a juridical tool for the classification of games. The main difference is that this new definition does not automatically classify incomplete information games without chance moves as games of skill. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.