企业家资本对创业成功的作用

企业家资本在创业过程中发挥着主导性作用。将创业过程细分为4个不同的阶段,分析了企业家资本在创业的4个阶段所发挥的作用。在创业过程中,一方面企业必须注重对企业家资本的有效利用,另一方面缺乏相应资本的企业需要通过多种途径建立相应的资本以保证创业的成功。     

预算约束与金融制度选择的新理论:文献述评

本文的考察发现,在预算约束与金融制度结构之间存在着十分紧密的逻辑联系,而且国内外不少文献已经围绕于此展开了广泛而深入的讨论。针对预算约束与金融制度选择的关系,现有文献的理论发现大致包括三个层面:第一,虽然缓解乃至消除软预算约束是任何一种金融体系共同面临的挑战,但软预算约束的消除并非一定有利于长期经济增长;第二,分权的或者集权的金融体制都具有"内生性",因此,至少在理论上无法对其进行孰优孰劣的直观评判,同时也无法在它们之间进行简单的复制和移植;第三,金融体系应对预算约束问题的能力要远弱于企业制度,因此,当一个国家面对预算约束问题时,应当首先着手改善微观经济基础的金融需求结构,而不是调整金融供给结构。     

北京和上海居民消费结构简析

对北京和上海两大城市居民消费行为和消费结构进行分析,讨论了目前消费结构的特点,即支出结构变化明显、居民对服务类消费需求的迅速增加、但是不同收入水平的居民消费倾向相差很大,整体而言,消费结构有很大的调整空间。     

廉租房制度实施过程中存在的问题与对策——以海口市为例

“房价高、住房难”已成为困扰中国居民的三大难题之一,住房困难说明我国当前的住房制度存在缺陷。改善住房保障的核心是大规模的廉租房建设。阐述海口市廉租房的实施情况,分析了该制度在实施过程中存在的主要问题,诸如：房源、资金、收入统计与监管机制、地方政府参与不积极。有针对性地提出了相关建议。     

多重目标下的跨国银行FDI动机和区位选择——基于跨国银行面板数据变截距固定效应模型的检验

依据1986年-2008年期间以外国金融直接投资的形式在我国设立商业存在的跨国银行数据、运用Panel Data变截距固定效应模型GLS估算方法,检验了跨国银行进入我国的动机和区位选择的影响因素.结果发现,跨国银行进入我国"追求利润"的动机比"客户追随"的动机更加强烈;而制度质量上接近的程度则是跨国银行进行区位选择的决定性因素.     

The effectiveness of fiscal and monetary policy responses to twin crises

We study how effective fiscal and monetary policy responses are during a twin crisis. Using the dataset provided by Laeven and Valencia (2008 Laeven, L and Valencia, F. (2008) Systemic banking crises: a new database. IMF Working Paper No. 08/224 [Google Scholar]), we identify 57 episodes of twin crises. Following the methods proposed in Baldacci et al. (2009 Baldacci, E. 2009. Gupta, S. and Mulas-Granados, C., How effective is fiscal policy response in systemic banking crises?, IMF Working Paper No. 09/160 [Google Scholar]) and Hutchison et al. (2010 Hutchison, M. 2010. Noy, I. and Wang, L., Fiscal and monetary policies and the cost of sudden stops, Journal of International Money and Finance, 29, 973–87 [Google Scholar]), we construct the variables measuring the duration and output cost of a twin crisis. We find that fiscal policy does not seem to be associated with the shortening of a twin crisis. Regarding monetary policy, we find that monetary tightening is associated with the lengthening of a twin crisis duration, consistent with the result in Hutchison et al. (2010 Hutchison, M. 2010. Noy, I. and Wang, L., Fiscal and monetary policies and the cost of sudden stops, Journal of International Money and Finance, 29, 973–87 [Google Scholar]) dealing with a sudden stop crisis. In addition, our results show that while a mild monetary expansion is effective in reducing a twin crisis duration, over-expansionary monetary policy loses its effectiveness.     

无人机航拍视频及遥感影像识别在非法渡口码头调查中的应用

近年来,为贯彻生态文明思想,打好长江保护修复攻坚战,各省均对长江主要支流的非法码头开展专项整治工作.对现状岸线上疑似非法渡口码头进行快速摸底调查是一大难题.本文结合无人机航拍高清视频技术、高分辨率遥感影像识别及定位技术,形成一种新型摸底调查技术方案.该方案利用高清航拍视频、遥感影像,对岸线上疑似渡口码头进行截图取证、定...     

项目开发中的知识共享及演化仿生研究

在概述项目开发下知识共享的特性后,分析了多方参与者进行知识共享的优势和障碍,提出了知识编码、团队融合及综合化的知识共享策略,构建了一个知识共享演化仿生模型。     

农地流转多重主体博弈分析—兼论农户权益保障

土地流转是实现农业规模化、集约化发展的必经之路.农地流转是多重主体利益博弈的结果.在转入方、转出方、中介机构和政府的多方博弈中,农户处于弱势地位,其土地权益难以保障.应构建合理的农户权益保障机制,约束企业、政府不合理的利益扩张行为,使土地流转博弈框架回归“帕累托优化”均衡.     

Nonlinearity and stationarity of inflation rates: evidence from the euro-zone countries

Earlier studies hardly reject the hypothesis of a unit root in inflation. Few studies have examined the possibility of nonlinearity in inflation and tested nonlinear stationarity of the inflation rates. This study thus intends to fill the gap. This study utilizes the tests for nonlinearity along with the unit root tests that allow for nonlinearity in the variables to examine the stationarity of inflation rates of 12 European countries that formed the Euro Zone (EZ) later in the sample period. The results suggest that the majority of these countries’ inflation rates can be characterized by mean reversion during the floating exchange rate period. Many of them appear to be nonlinear stationary. This finding is essential in conducting applied economic studies for these countries, when constructing models whose validity relies on whether or not inflation is stationary. The results of this study also imply that shocks to inflation have a transitory effect on inflation in the euro area. Therefore, it would be less costly in exercising the policies of disinflation for the monetary authorities of the euro area than for those of the countries with nonstationary inflation.