Sharing diseconomy: impact of the subsidy war of ride-sharing companies on urban congestion

ABSTRACT

As a typical example of the sharing economy, ride-sharing, in theory, can improve market efficiency and enhance the welfare of consumers and service suppliers. However, negative externalities resulted from ride-sharing, such as quasi-public goods, are often overlooked. In this paper, we used AutoNavi’s big data to measure traffic congestion in cities, and built DID, PSM-DID and DDD models to analyse the impact of the subsidy war among ride-sharing companies on the traffic congestion in Shanghai. The subsidy war led to an increase in the congestion index of Shanghai by 0.068–0.077, which was equivalent to an increase in transit time by 3.51%–5.53%. Excessive subsidies offered by ride-sharing companies to vie for market share will eventually distort the market. As a result, increased social costs will ultimately harm the well-being of the entire society, leading to diseconomy.     

LEC风险分析方法在塑胶玩具检验监管方式选择中的应用研究

新的工业产品企业分类管理办法运用二维管理理念,即＂企业分类,产品分级＂。产品分级的前提是产品风险分析,本论文研究运用LEC风险评估技术,主要针对影响塑胶玩具的质量安全项目进行风险评估和产品风险等级分类,并据此实施相应的检验监管方式。     

中学英语教师胜任力调查与分析——以陕西省关中地区为例

通过问卷调查和访谈的形式,本文对陕西省关中地区中学英语教师胜任力现状进行了调查,发现该地区英语教师观念和语言能力与新课程标准的要求有一定的距离,同时分析了存在差距的原因并提出相关建议。     

基于感性工学的产品需求挖掘

随着"以人为本"的设计理念日渐深入设计行业人员内心深处,产品设计前期的用户需求挖掘近几年正成为设计研究的一个重要方向。效度分析作为一个心理学实验的重要方法,在发掘用户的潜在需求过程中有重要的作用。为研究用户需求挖掘过程中感性工学对于后续产品设计的重要作用,通过设计调查,挖掘学生群体在MP4产品上的需求,同时对调查结果运用主成分分析法和因子分析法进行分析,找出针对学生群体的MP4设计方向。研究结果表明MP4产品依然具有较大的市场空间,而对其需求挖掘的深度剖析表明该类产品的功能性需求大于美学性需求。研究进一步扩展了感性工学的应用范围,同时对产品需求挖掘的方式方法有了新的研究方向,产品的需求挖掘更具科学性和客观性,对于企业的科学化决策具有很重要的作用。     

Purchasing power parity for fifteen Latin American countries: Stationary test with a Fourier function

This study applies a stationary test with a Fourier function, proposed by Becker et al. (2006), to test the validity of long-run purchasing power parity (PPP) in fifteen Latin American countries over the period of December 1994 to February 2010. The empirical results from the univariate unit root tests indicate that PPP does not hold for these fifteen countries under study. However, a stationary test with a Fourier function indicates that PPP is valid for four of these 15 Latin American countries and they are Brazil, Chile, Ecuador and Uruguay. These results have important policy implications for these fifteen Latin American countries under study.     

生源下降时代高职招生宣传策略

本文对高职院校招生宣传的对象、媒体以及招生宣传现状进行研究分析,提出高职院校在生源下降时代,应将各种媒体有效结合,分时间段、区域实施长效性和针对性的招生宣传工作,为学院争取到丰富的、高素质的考生,促进学校在扩大办学规模的同时提高办学水平。     

工程结构损伤识别的高斯过程方法

文章针对已有工程结构损伤识别方法的局限性,提出一种基于高斯过程方法的结构损伤识别方法。该方法通过对少量训练样本的学习,建立结构损伤识别特征参数与结构损伤位置和损伤程度之间的复杂非线性映射关系。研究结果表明,该方法是可行的,与人工神经网络方法相比较,具有识男精度高、模型参数自适应获取等优点,对工程结构损伤识别具有良好的适用性。     

冬瓜山铜矿二步骤采场回采方案的研究

冬瓜山铜矿经过五年的不断开采，目前52线～54线、54线～56线盘区的一步骤采场，大部分已经回采并充填结束。为了保持矿山生产的衔接和均衡性，现在开始进入二步骤采场回采阶段。本文结合冬瓜山的开采技术条件和二步骤采场回采条件及采准工程布置和凿岩、爆破等方面对二步骤采场回采方案进行了研究，收到了良好的技术经济和安全效果。     

日本产业空心化问题对中国东部产业转移的警示

在国内产业转移浪潮中,东部地区成为了主要产业转出地.在提升本区域产业结构的同时,随着加工制造业等产业的不断迁出,东部地区由于主导产业尚未发展壮大等原因导致其也面临着产业空心化的风险.而分析日本产业空心化危机的产生及其对经济产生的不良影响,可以对东部地区的产业空心化隐患予以警示,东部地区应该通过加快发展主导产业、发展高新技术产业等措施来防范产业空心化问题.     

Distributional effects of agricultural cooperatives in China: Exclusion of smallholders and potential gains on participation

This paper examines the treatment effects of the agricultural cooperative and publicly funded extension services on individual household economy, using data collected by the author from watermelon-producing farm households in rural Nanjing. The cooperative addressed in this study restricts the participation of small-scale farmers, implying that selection into the program must be taken into consideration for an accurate assessment of the treatment effect. The econometric analysis revealed that government extension services have a modest effect on farm income. In contrast, the treatment effect of the agricultural cooperative is robust and substantially large, accounting for nearly 70% of the pre-matching difference. This suggests that the agricultural cooperative system is an important avenue for farmers to improve their economic status. The treatment effect of the agricultural cooperative is highly heterogeneous; the economic benefits arising from the cooperative are significant only for small-scale farms. We can argue that a coexistence of smallholder exclusion and the treatment effect in favor of small-scale farms poses serious challenges to pro-poor agricultural growth in China.