The role of foreign direct investment in the host-country firm selection process: firm-level evidence from Slovenian manufacturing

This paper examines the role of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) in firm selection processes in the Slovenian manufacturing sector in the 1994–2003 period. It adopts the firm dynamics framework that allows testing of selection effects directly by assessing the impact of foreign firms’ activity on the probability of exiting of local firms (crowding out). The results show that intra-industry productivity spillover effects offset only a minor part of the competition pressure which results from foreign firm entry, hence incumbent firms experience a drop in their survival probability upon a foreign firm’s entry within a particular industry. This result is driven by foreign firm entry of the greenfield type, as entry through the acquisition of existing firms has no significant effect. The strength of the crowding-out effect decreases with the incumbent firm’s export propensity. There is no significant evidence that inward FDI would stimulate the selection process through backward linkages in the upstream supplying industries, whereas foreign firms’ activity reduces the exit probability of downstream local customers (through forward linkages).     

Do barriers to export vary for born globals and across stages of internationalization? An empirical inquiry in the emerging market of Turkey

Although the literature on export barriers has been growing, this issue of whether barriers to export exhibit significant differences among firms has not been addressed. In particular, the question of whether these impediments are uniform for born globals – a new breed of exporting firms that initiate exporting soon after inception – is unresolved. Similarly, barriers to export are thought to vary across different stages of internationalization. Therefore, the present work explores this fundamental issue. The empirical study is carried out in the context of an emerging market, Turkey, providing an opportunity for examining the stability of earlier findings (carried out largely in advanced economy settings) for rapidly developing economies. Results suggest that perceived barriers differ mainly for firms in the domestic marketing stage, pre-export stage and for born global firms.     

THE EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC REGULATION IN THE ISTANBUL TAXICAB MARKET

This paper discusses the regulation of the Istanbul taxicab market and its consequences. While price and entry regulations are common to many taxi markets, there are significant differences in their institutional frameworks. We examine the problems of the Istanbul market and offer recommendations to improve its efficiency.     

Existence of competitive equilibrium under financial constraints and increasing returns

This paper studies a ‘factor cost in advance’ model with increasing returns in production. In the model both partial equilibrium and general equilibrium may exist since working capital of firms limit their input demand. We provide a sufficient condition for the existence of partial equilibrium of a firm operating on a non-convex choice set. Furthermore we establish the existence and uniqueness of competitive equilibrium in the special case of logarithmic utility.     

西方文学商人形象的借鉴价值

本文对西方商人产生的社会条件及其他们所显示的人生价值，以及西方文学中商人典型形象进行分析，认为西方商人社会地位的确认是随着市场经济的成熟而获得提升的；研究市场经济的规律，创造性地发展与完善商业竞争中的“游戏规则”，是研究西方文学商人形象的宝贵鉴戒。     

股指期货对资产管理行业的影响——基于新兴古典经济学视角

本文从新兴古典经济学的视角探讨股指期货对中国资产管理行业的影响,以及股指期货对中国资本市场的结构性影响.从理论视角来看,基金业规模经济的实现途径是通过不断提高基金业的专业分工水平,增强基金业的生产力而实现.这种专业分工分为横向、纵向两种扩张.公募基金的投资管理能力横向扩张,指的是从传统的股票和债券市场延伸到金融衍生工具市场、实业投资等领域,投资能力纵向的分解,是将基金的收益分解为Alpha和Beta两部分.随着股指期货的推出,国内公募基金的投资管理沿横向、纵向的扩张,成为现实、具体的可能.投资策略的演变推动投资部门的变化,使投资策略经历再构造过程,形成Alpha和Beta的分离,并促进Beta产品、Alpha产品的深化发展.     

A look into the factor model black box: Publication lags and the role of hard and soft data in forecasting GDP

We derive forecast weights and uncertainty measures for assessing the roles of individual series in a dynamic factor model (DFM) for forecasting the euro area GDP from monthly indicators. The use of the Kalman smoother allows us to deal with publication lags when calculating the above measures. We find that surveys and financial data contain important information for the GDP forecasts beyond the monthly real activity measures. However, this is discovered only if their more timely publication is taken into account properly. Differences in publication lags play a very important role and should be considered in forecast evaluation.     

Rate of Return Regulation: The Case of Spanish Ports

An original model is put forward in this article to explain and consider the behavior of some of the most important public services in Spain. The cost function approach and the input distance function approach are used to estimate the existence of overcapitalization as a result of rate of return regulation. The results show that overcapitalization generated by this regulation is too significant not to be taken into account.     

A Hedonic Price Analysis of Farmland Option Premiums Under Urban Influences

An emerging theory, real option pricing, suggests that an important component of urban fringe farmland values may be the option value arising from nearby urban development. This new option pricing theory, as opposed to its standard conventional counterpart in finance, incorporates both the uncertainty about the future net benefits of a land conversion decision and the irreversibility of this action taken. We demonstrate that parsimonious empirical hedonic models of the errors‐in‐variables type, when corrected for heteroskedasticity, can provide adequate representations of farmland option premiums. Data for a random sample of cash rented Ohio farmland parcels are used, and the impacts of urban development on farmland option premiums are estimated. Results provide evidence that (a) both land‐use conversion probability and urban influences have been important factors affecting the option value of the state's farmland, and (b) these option premiums associated with irreversible and uncertain land development are capitalized into farmland values. Une nouvelle théorie, l'évaluation des options réelles, semble indiquer qu'un élément important de la valeur des terres agricoles périurbaines pourrait être la valeur d'option découlant du développement urbain avoisinant. Cette nouvelle théorie, contrairement aux options financières, inclut à la fois l'incertitude quant aux bénéfices nets futurs liés à la décision de convertir une terre et l'irréversibilité de cette décision. Nous avons démontré que les modèles empiriques parcimonieux et hédoniques du type erreurs sur les variables peuvent, une fois l'hétéroscédasticité corrigée, donner des présentations adéquates des prix de l'option des terres agricoles. Nous avons utilisé les données d'un échantillon aléatoire de parcelles de terres agricoles louées au comptant en Ohio et nous avons estimé l'impact du développement urbain sur le prix de l'option des terres agricoles. Les résultats ont montré: a) que la probabilité de conversion de l'utilisation des terres et les influences urbaines sont des facteurs importants qui influent sur la valeur de l'option des terres agricoles de l'État; b) que ces prix de l'option associés à un aménagement urbain irréversible et incertain sont intégrés dans la valeur des terres agricoles.     

青藏铁路开通与西藏大发展——青藏铁路：西藏发展的助推器

2005年我国历史上最重要的一条铁路——青藏铁路全线贯通，2006年7月正式试运营。对于这样一条全世界都关注的铁路的建成和运营，将对西藏的经济社会发展产生什么影响？我们应该选择什么样的应对策略，是值得认真研究的大课题。为此，本期封面文章全力推出专题：青藏铁路开通与西藏大发展。本刊特邀《西藏人口发展战略研究》课题组专家学者，力图从西藏的社会、文化、经济各个方面作一深入探讨，为各级政府决策提供科学建议，为西藏的发展建言献策。[编者按]