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991.
992.
This article provides a preliminary analysis of the employment and occupational assimilation of recent immigrant waves to the Spanish labour market as their residencies lengthen. Using Spanish data from the 2001 Population Census and the 2002 Earnings Structure Survey, we find evidence of immigrant employment and occupational assimilation significantly varying by gender, origin and educational attainment. 相似文献
993.
994.
Christophe Boone Bert De Brabander Arjen Van Witteloostuijn 《Journal of Management Studies》1996,33(5):667-700
Previous research on the impact of chief executive officer (CEO) locus of control is mainly based on simple and partial mappings of bivariate associations between CEO locus of control and organizational outcomes. In addition, distinct substreams have emerged in which intricately related phenomena are studied separately. to overcome this fragmentation and polarization, we provide and empirically test an integrative framework based on previously tested hypotheses on the impact of CEO locus of control. Our approach differs from prior research in two ways. First, it simultaneously takes account of strategic choice and firm performance in order to assess the extent to which strategy mediates the relationship between CEO locus of control and organizational performance. Second, we consider the CEO to be both a formulator and implementor of organizational strategies. Besides the observation that CEO locus of control seems to matter a lot in terms of explaining organizational performance in the present sample, our results demonstrate that an integrative approach increases our insight into the impact of CEO locus of control by revealing why some CEOs achieve higher organizational performance than others. 相似文献
995.
The ‘big is better’ idea has recently been challenged in network industries. Scale economies are considered finite so that for the individual utility an optimal scale of operations arises. A similar observation yields for scope economies as joint production is not predicted univocally anymore. In the water sector, scale economies and joint production are preferred. Nevertheless, several countries are restructuring the sector in order to improve the scale and scope of operations. This article intends to provide some insights into this matter. We analyze the Portuguese water market structure using non-parametric techniques with data from the year 2005. After surveying the literature on scale and scope economies, we discuss the peculiarities of the Portuguese water sector. The paper confirms the natural monopoly features. Although scope economies are absent, it highlights scale economies. The optimal scale of the utilities is located between 160,000 and 180,000 inhabitants. As such, the Portuguese water sector optimally counts 60 water utilities. 相似文献
996.
Marginal abatement costs of greenhouse gas emissions from European agriculture, cost effectiveness, and the EU non-ETS burden sharing agreement 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We propose a quantitative assessment of the marginal abatement costs (MAC) of greenhouse gas emissions from European agriculture and analyze the implications of the non-ETS burden-sharing agreement (BSA) for this sector. This assessment is based on MAC reduced forms, the generic specification of which enables simple parameterization and numerical computations. Such MAC curves are parameterized for each Member State using the outputs of a detailed model of the European agricultural supply. They are then used to compute total and marginal abatement costs involved by the BSA targets, as well as the cost-effective effort sharing, the corresponding emission price and abatement costs. The main findings are: (i) flexibility mechanisms such as a cap-and-trade system for agricultural emissions could reduce the total costs of meeting the 10% EU abatement target by a factor two to three relative to the strict implementation of each country's target, (ii) the corresponding equilibrium emission price is found to be 32-42 €/tCO2eq depending on the assumption regarding business-as-usual emissions, and (iii) a cap-and-trade system with allowances based on the BSA targets would involve substantial transfers from EU-15 countries to New Member States, an important share of which being made of ‘hot air’. 相似文献
997.
998.
999.
德勒格尔 《内蒙古财经学院学报(综合版)》2011,9(1):140-143
农业是国民经济的基础性产业,也是带有风险性的弱质产业,它发展的优劣直接制约着国民经济的发展。中国是农业灾害发生最为严重的国家之一,而农业保险是农业风险重要的控制方式,农业保险作为一项风险转嫁、损失分摊的经济补偿制度,己成为国际上主要的非价格农业保护工具之一,对保证农业生产的持续稳定发展有着十分重要的意义。面对国内外农业保险发展的新形势,如何开展政策性农业保险工作,建立一套具有较高保障能力和运转效率的农业保险支持体系,是摆在政府面前的一项重要的任务。 相似文献
1000.
Todd D. Fantz Michael A. De Miranda Thomas J. Siller 《International Journal of Technology and Design Education》2011,21(3):307-320
With the rapid advances in civilization, technological breakthroughs, and a globally growing workforce, there is a strong
need for engineers capable of working in the 21st century environment (Galloway, The 21st century engineer: A proposal for
engineering education reform. ASCE, Washington DC 2008). To help increase the quality and quantity of students choosing to pursue engineering, leaders have called on K-12 education
to look for methods of inserting pre-engineering into the K-12 curriculum. Leaders in technology education have responded
to the call to develop top quality candidates for engineers by infusing engineering into the technology education curriculum.
Teacher preparation programs have used various methods to provide future technology teachers with the required content knowledge
in order to effectively teach engineering design within the technology curriculum. One such program uses an ABET accredited
engineering curriculum for the content and additional training to strengthen engineering education pedagogy for technology
teachers. Students who graduate from this program possess both an engineering degree and technology teaching license. The
purpose of this investigation was to ascertain the differences between technology teachers from this program and traditionally
trained technology teachers. In particular, how each group incorporates the engineering design process in classroom assignments.
Design briefs were gathered from pre-service teachers who graduated from the aforementioned program and compared to design
briefs of practicing technology teachers around the United States. The engineering design process was used to develop a rubric
to compare the usage of engineering content between the two groups. It was found that students with 4 years of engineering
training were more likely to use all steps of the engineering design process. Further examination illustrates that engineering
trained technology teachers were significantly more likely to use mathematical and analytical methods to determine optimum
solutions. In order for technology education teachers to effectively infuse engineering design into coursework, they need
to be familiar and comfortable with the engineering sciences and the design process. With limited engineering design experience,
technology teachers are not as likely to use optimization techniques involving mathematical and analytical reasoning. These
concepts are critical for engineering students to be successful in college engineering programs and beyond. 相似文献