意义维度的组织理论初探

本文对有关意义维度的理论观点进行了一个综述性的介绍,并在吸收前人研究成果的基础之上,尝试性地给出一个意义维度的组织理论的初步框架.     

Managerial incentives and stock price dynamics: an experimental approach

Experimental Economics - We investigate experimentally how granting a manager stock ownership and the opportunity to trade shares of a company’s stock influence the manager’s effort and...     

The Method of Purging Applied to Repeated Cross-Sectional Data

In cross-sectional survey research, it is quite common to estimate the(standardized) effect of independent variable(s) on a dependent variable. However, if repeated cross-sectional data are available, much is to be gained if the consequences of these effects on longitudinal social change are considered.To assess these consequences, we describe a type of simulation in whichlongitudinal shifts in the independent variable's distribution, and longitudinal variation in effect on the dependent variable are `purged' from the data. Although the method of purging is known for many years, we add new practical features by relating the method to logistic and linear regression analysis. Because both logistic and linear regression analysis can be found in all majorstatistical packages, the method of purging is made available to a wider group of social scientists. With the use of repeated cross-sectional data, gathered in the Netherlands between 1970 and 1998, the new practical features of the purging method are shown, using the SPSS package.     

HOME MARKET EFFECTS IN THE CHAMBERLINIAN–RICARDIAN WORLD

According to conventional home market effects, free trade tends to shrink the market share for a smaller economy in differentiated manufacturing goods, and in the extreme, leads to a complete hollowing out of the industry. Departing from the original Helpman–Krugman modelling assumptions behind the home market effects, we introduce a technology advantage in terms of the difference in fixed cost and/or marginal cost between trading partners and prove that home market effects will be offset and even reverse if a small economy has better technology than another country. With a higher elasticity of substitution, the marginal cost advantage becomes more important if it is to dominate the home market effect. We also show that even with an identical country size, the intra‐industry trade addressed in the existing literature may not occur; it will occur only if the technology differential lies within a certain range that is positively affected by the level of transport cost.     

试论政府在经济转型和改革过程中的作用——中、俄、印三国之比较分析

经济改革和转型过程中,政府应该发挥怎样的作用,是学界和决策层多年来一直特别关注的问题。与改革或转型的策略及路径相联系,有关政府职能的讨论可以大致分为以下三类观点:亲善市场论、国家推动发展论和市场增进论。中国、俄罗斯和印度三个国家在改革的初始条件、改革方式及改革进程上既有相似之处,又有完全不同的地方,但这三国都经历了并且仍在继续着经济体制改革和转型,而且三国的经济改革和转型到目前为止都取得了一定成就,三国的经济发展前景也为世界所看好。本文对亲善市场论、国家推动发展论和市场增进论进行了分析比较,考察了中国、俄罗斯及印度改革过程中政府作用的得失,论证了政府在经济改革和发展进程中具有异乎寻常的关键性作用,它是改革和发展的核心内容之一,决定了改革和发展能否顺利地、“帕累托改进式”地向前进行。     

浅谈施工升降机防坠安全器检定的重要性

本文结合施工升降机防坠安全器的工作原理及事故案例,阐述防坠安全器检定的重要性,减少建筑工地施工升降机安全事故的发生。     

FDI and Outsourcing in a Service Industry: Welfare Effects of Liberalising Trade and Investment

This study examines a foreign firm's entry decision and its effects on the host country's welfare in a model with a composite good in which both commodity and service generate utility for consumers. Along with the commodity it produces, a producer can provide the service by itself or outsource the service. The result shows that the incentive for foreign direct investment (FDI) in the service sector increases under liberalising trade in the final‐good market. Moreover, there exist policy combinations of trade and investment liberalisation, whereby the domestic firms' profitability is traded off with the host country's social welfare when the foreign firm provides a service through FDI or through outsourcing, respectively. Finally, the welfare after simultaneously liberalising trade and investment is not necessarily greater than that under autarky.     

–Nonrecourse Mortgage and Housing Price Boom,Bust, and Rebound

This paper investigates the impact of –nonrecourse vs. recourse mortgages on housing price dynamics in major U.S. metropolitan statistical areas for the period from 2000 to 2013. We find evidence that –nonrecourse states experience faster price growth during the boom period (2000–2006), a sharper price drop during the bust period (2006–2009) and faster price recovery in the rebound period after a crisis (2009–2013). Moreover, the volatility of housing prices is higher in nonrecourse states than in recourse states, particularly during the rebound period.     

基于分形理论的昆明市土地利用空间结构及重点审计地类分析

为揭示被审计地区土地利用空间结构变化特征,确定重点审计地类,提高土地资源审计效率,为自然资源资产审计提供新思路。本文基于昆明市2015年和2018年两期土地利用现状数据,利用GIS技术、统计分析软件以及分形理论对2015-2018年该区域的土地利用类型形态复杂度和结构稳定性进行研究,以深入揭示该区域土地利用分形动态特征,从而掌握土地资源变化情况,更好地服务于自然资源资产审计。结果表明,(1)基于分形理论构建的分形维数和稳定性指数能够表达土地利用类型的总体特征与空间形态结构变化,能够揭示被审计地区各地类土地资源资产的变动趋势,从而确定土地资源重点审计地类;(2)昆明市各土地利用类型分形维数都存在不同程度的变化,水域分形维数最大,土地利用类型形态最为复杂,但结构也最为稳定;建设用地、耕地、草地、园地及未利用地分形维数都呈上升态势,土地利用类型形态趋向复杂,结构趋向不稳定;林地分形维数减小,土地利用类型形态趋向规则,结构趋向稳定。结构不稳定的地类应该作为自然资源资产审计的重点关注内容。基于土地利用分形动态特征确定重点审计地类具有可操作性,能够提高土地资源的审计效率,可以作为自然资源资产审计的新思路。