全文获取类型
收费全文 | 30656篇 |
免费 | 263篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 5397篇 |
工业经济 | 1847篇 |
计划管理 | 4676篇 |
经济学 | 6849篇 |
综合类 | 970篇 |
运输经济 | 109篇 |
旅游经济 | 222篇 |
贸易经济 | 6409篇 |
农业经济 | 728篇 |
经济概况 | 3089篇 |
信息产业经济 | 44篇 |
邮电经济 | 579篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 70篇 |
2020年 | 157篇 |
2019年 | 229篇 |
2018年 | 2493篇 |
2017年 | 2270篇 |
2016年 | 1413篇 |
2015年 | 280篇 |
2014年 | 369篇 |
2013年 | 1497篇 |
2012年 | 781篇 |
2011年 | 2328篇 |
2010年 | 2159篇 |
2009年 | 1855篇 |
2008年 | 1888篇 |
2007年 | 2173篇 |
2006年 | 331篇 |
2005年 | 642篇 |
2004年 | 734篇 |
2003年 | 841篇 |
2002年 | 538篇 |
2001年 | 362篇 |
2000年 | 384篇 |
1999年 | 258篇 |
1998年 | 299篇 |
1997年 | 286篇 |
1996年 | 260篇 |
1995年 | 243篇 |
1994年 | 248篇 |
1993年 | 296篇 |
1992年 | 267篇 |
1991年 | 240篇 |
1990年 | 229篇 |
1989年 | 190篇 |
1988年 | 184篇 |
1987年 | 169篇 |
1986年 | 204篇 |
1985年 | 252篇 |
1984年 | 320篇 |
1983年 | 260篇 |
1982年 | 253篇 |
1981年 | 270篇 |
1980年 | 238篇 |
1979年 | 246篇 |
1978年 | 203篇 |
1977年 | 189篇 |
1976年 | 173篇 |
1975年 | 139篇 |
1974年 | 145篇 |
1973年 | 125篇 |
1972年 | 83篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Satoru Kasahara Sergey Paltsev John Reilly Henry Jacoby A. Denny Ellerman 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2007,37(2):377-410
In 2003 Japan proposed a Climate Change Tax to reduce its CO2 emissions to the level required by the Kyoto Protocol. If implemented, the tax would be levied on fossil fuel use and the
revenue distributed to encourage the purchase of energy efficient equipment. Analysis using the MIT Emissions Prediction and
Policy Analysis (EPPA) model shows that this policy is unlikely to bring Japan into compliance with its Kyoto target unless
the subsidy encourages improvement in energy intensity well beyond Japan’s recent historical experience. Similar demand-management
programs in the US, where there has been extensive experience, have not been nearly as effective as they would need to be
to achieve energy efficiency goals of the proposal. The Tax proposal also calls for limits on international emission trading.
We find that this limit substantially affects costs of compliance. The welfare loss with full emissions trading is 1/6 that
when Japan meets its target though domestic actions only, the carbon price is lower, and there is a smaller loss of energy-intensive
exports. Japan can achieve substantial savings from emissions trading even under cases where, for example, the full amount
of the Russian allowance is not available in international markets. 相似文献
992.
Veronika Grimm 《Journal of Economics》2007,90(1):1-27
We compare sequential and bundle procurement auctions in a framework of successive procurement situations, where current success
positively or negatively affects future market opportunities. We find that in bundle auctions procurement cost is lower and
less risky than in sequential standard auctions, but still higher than in the optimal sequential auction. Only a sequential
second price auction leads to the efficient outcome. 相似文献
993.
A “micro-micro” consumer problem of gasoline purchases is examined using daily price data. Comparing the optimizing consumer
with one who buys gasoline at random, the paper finds optimizers save about 4% of their annual gasoline bill. The paper also
provides some evidence about the costs of non-optimal gasoline buying strategies.
相似文献
994.
995.
Governments around the world are beginning to embrace a new form of environmental regulation – mandatory disclosure of information.
While information disclosure programs appear to have an impact on subsequent firm behavior – often resulting in lower levels
of pollution – little is known about the costs and benefits of these programs and whether or not they enhance social welfare.
This paper presents a simple bargaining model where mandatory information disclosure is used to overcome a lack of information
on the part of the public. We characterize the conditions under which information disclosure will lead to a reduction in emissions,
and ultimately, the conditions under which it will enhance social welfare. Several extensions of the model are briefly explored,
including the effect of two sources of pollution – only one of which is subject to information disclosure.
This paper was prepared while V. Santhakumar was a Visiting Scholar at the Vanderbilt Center for Environmental Management
Studies, Vanderbilt University. 相似文献
996.
997.
Economic reforms,efficiency and productivity in Chinese banking 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper analyzes the impact of banking reforms on efficiency and total factor productivity (TFP) change in Chinese banking
industry. Using an input distance function, we find that joint-equity banks are more efficient than wholly state-owned banks
(WSOBs). Furthermore, both WSOBs and joint-equity banks are found to be operating slightly below their optimal size, suggesting
potential advantages in expansion of their businesses. Overall, TFP growth was 4.4% per annum for the sample period 1993–2002.
Joint-equity banks experienced much higher growth in TFP (5.5% per annum) compared to the WSOBs (1.4% per annum).
相似文献
998.
We analyse competition between two network providers when the quality of each network depends negatively on the number of
customers connected to that network. With respect to price competition we provide a sufficient condition for the existence
of a unique pure strategy Nash equilibrium. Comparative statics show that as the congestion effect gets stronger quantities
will decrease and prices increase, under both Bertrand and Cournot competition. In an example with endogenous capacities it
turns out that equilibrium capacities are at first increasing and then decreasing in the strength of congestion. Furthermore,
capacities are higher under Cournot competition. Welfare comparisons between Bertrand and Cournot competition are unambiguous
for fixed capacities, but may turn around for endogenous capacities. 相似文献
999.
Punishment,counterpunishment and sanction enforcement in a social dilemma experiment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We present the results of an experiment that explores the sanctioning behavior of individuals who experience a social dilemma.
In the game we study, players choose contribution levels to a public good and subsequently have multiple opportunities to
reduce the earnings of the other members of the group. The treatments vary in terms of individuals’ opportunities to (a) avenge
sanctions that have been directed toward themselves, and (b) punish others’ sanctioning behavior with respect to third parties.
We find that individuals do avenge sanctions they have received, and this serves to decrease contribution levels. They also
punish those who fail to sanction third parties, but the resulting increase in contributions is smaller than the decrease
the avenging of sanctions induces. When there are five rounds of unrestricted sanctioning, contributions and welfare are significantly
lower than when only one round of sanctioning opportunities exists, and welfare is lower than at a benchmark of zero cooperation.
We thank James Andreoni, participants in seminars at Emory University, the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the University
of New South Wales, the University of Sydney, Deakin University, the 2004 North American Regional Meetings of the ESA in Tucson,
Arizona, USA, the 2004 IMEBE Meetings in Cordoba, Spain, and the 2005 SAET meetings in Vigo, Spain, for constructive and helpful
comments. We thank Elven Priour for programming and organization of the sessions. Instructions for the experiment are available
from the authors. 相似文献
1000.
We study the optimal timing of adoption of a cleaner technology and its effects on the rate of growth of an economy in the
context of an AK endogenous growth model. We show that the results depend upon the behavior of the marginal utility of environmental
quality with respect to consumption. When it is increasing, we derive the capital level at the optimal timing of adoption.
We show that this capital threshold is independent of the initial conditions on the stock of capital, implying that capital-poor
countries tend to take longer to adopt. Also, country-specific characteristics, as the existence of high barriers to adoption,
may lead to different capital thresholds for different countries. If the marginal utility of environmental quality decreases
with consumption, a country should never delay adoption; the optimal policy is either to adopt immediately or, if adoption
costs are “too high”, to never adopt. The policy implications of these results are discussed in the context of the international
debate surrounding the environmental political agenda.
相似文献