Has the IASB Been Successful in Making Accounting Earnings More Useful for Prediction and Valuation? UK Evidence

When producing International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), one of the main goals of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) was to create a set of standards which were more useful to investors as a predictive tool. We assess the success of the IASB in achieving this goal by investigating the effects of the introduction of IFRS on the relative information content of reported earnings and forecasted earnings under UK generally accepted accounting practices (GAAP) and IFRS. Results indicate that the value relevance of forecasted earnings is significantly lower under IFRS while the value relevance of reported earnings is significantly larger. These findings suggest that IFRS substitutes price‐relevant information previously provided to the market in the form of analyst forecasts with information encoded by companies in their reported earnings. This implies that the IASB was indeed successful in its stated goal and points towards IFRS forecasts being more accurate and less dispersed than UK GAAP forecasts. This, in turn, implies that analysts are able to provide more informative forecasts under IFRS than under pre‐IFRS regimes and that the aforementioned substitution effect is not a consequence of any decrease in the quality of forecasts under the new regime.     

培训组织的生命周期

通过对行政系统培训组织的存在条件及其影响因素的分析，阐释不同培训组织的生存条件，提出了培训组织发展的两种方式，阐述了培训组织的发展趋势。目的在于引起培训施教机构的关注，从而尝试找到培训组织持续发展的途径。     

Competency Training for Managing International Cooperation Engineering Projects

Organizations are becoming more and more aware of how important it is to strengthen the competences of their project managers. This fact acquires greater relevance in the development and international cooperation sector because of the need to have qualified professionals who can take up the challenges and address the specific demands of an ever more demanding and constantly evolving sector. This article provides the results of research that more than 100 experts in project management and administration participated in to detect which competences are the most relevant in this context.     

公民参与预算的平台构建和路径设计

参与式预算是指公民用民主的方式决定可支配公共资源用途的机制和过程,是一种诞生于巴西的新型民主预算形式。全世界各地诸多成功实践证明,参与式预算在促进行政管理的现代化、民主政治重建和加强社会公平等方面都有极大的贡献。将其进行合适的本土化改造之后推广实施,必然对我国民主政治建设和完善财政体系产生积极影响。然而,参与式预算改革并不能一蹴而就,要想成功,为广大公民构建一个预算参与平台是关键。     

基于质量控制图的化学实验教学评价平台的设计

以嘉兴学院为例,介绍了如何建立基础化学实验数据管理及实验教学评价平台.该平台将均值质量控制图和极差质量控制图应用于实验教学管理和评价,利用计算机技术,建立了包括原始数据的录入、质量控制量的计算、质量控制图的绘制、学生实验结果的评价在内的基础化学实验教学质量的评价体系,取得了初步的成果.     

Diversity management and the effects on employees’ organizational commitment: Evidence from Japan and Korea

With globalization increasing, diversity management has emerged as an important workplace issue, even in the traditionally non-diversified companies of Japan and Korea. These companies will need to pay more attention to diversity management as a potentially competitive resource. Most of the existing studies in diversity have been conducted in the United States, and thus may not represent the situations of Asian countries, such as Japan and Korea, in which cultural values significantly differ and the labor force is highly homogeneous. The current research describes the realities of diversity management practices in Japanese and Korean companies, and empirically examines how the practices influence employees’ attitudes at the workplace. The results indicate that diversity management practices trigger positive effects on employees’ organizational commitment, which was mediated by their perception of procedural justice.     

Regime-switching effects of debt on real GDP per capita the case of Latin American and Caribbean countries

In this paper, we try to investigate how the debt and real GDP per capita relationship varies with indebtedness levels and other country characteristics in a balanced panel of 21 developing Latin American and Caribbean countries over the period 1992–2006. The empirical results indicate that there exist two threshold values of 32.88% and 55.89%. The latter is lower than the Maastricht criterion and Stability and Growth Pact of a total external Debt per GDP ratio at 60% in the OECD countries. Both thresholds divide our panel into three regimes. In the middle (stimulus) regime, the Debt per GDP ratio has a positive impact on real GDP per capita, which is consistent with the stimulus view (Eisner, 1984). However, the impact becomes negative and consistent with the crowding-out view (Friedman, 1977, 1985) in the left and right (crowding-out) regimes. Based on our findings, we find no supportive evidence for Ricardian view (Barro, 1989). Therefore, our empirical results have important implications for fiscal policymakers in these Latin American and Caribbean countries.     

管理者的绩效三角与企业文化效应研究

笔者提出管理者绩效三角模式,揭示管理者或者管理团队的素质与能力禀赋以及与特定企业的企业文化的适应关系.管理者或管理团队的素质与能力可以区分为精神素质结构、业务能力结构、知识结构三大维度;每一维度的体现值越大,对管理绩效的贡献就会越大;而在三个维度的体现值总和不变的条件下,三者相等时的素质与能力结构可以实现最优的管理绩效;三个维度的体现值、管理绩效与管理者或管理团队所发挥出的企业文化效应成正比关系.     

Task‐Relationship‐Self: A Framework for Understanding Service Encounter Behaviors

Research conducted over past decades has investigated selected service encounter behaviors from either a customer or service provider perspective. However, a comprehensive, dual‐perspective framework is lacking. Such a framework is needed to organize knowledge of these behaviors, and thereby provide structure, clarity, and parsimony to the field. This paper describes a three‐tier framework of service encounter behavior that was developed by applying grounded theory principles to interviews with customers, service employees, and other stakeholders. These informants described many ways in which they behave when executing service exchanges, dealing with service difficulties, and managing themselves in the process. Using an iterative inductive approach, a conceptual framework was developed in which specific (Tier 1) behaviors were placed within broader (Tier 2) categories, and these lower classification levels were, in turn, interpreted within a conceptual space defined by the (Tier 3) dimensions of task, relationship, and self. This framework was then elaborated and refined by reference to the psychology and marketing literature, a set of 157 audio‐recorded service interactions, and an expert panel study. The paper includes comparisons between the framework and those previously proposed, propositions regarding service encounter processes and outcomes, and implications for future research and practice.