全年一次性奖金的最低税负方案

《关于调整个人取得全年一次性奖金等计算征收个人所得税方法问题的通知》(国税发[2005]9号,以下简称“9号文”)对全年一次性奖金(以下简称“全年奖”)征收个人所得税的政策进行了调整,并取消了年薪制征收个人所得税办法。那么应当怎样安排工资奖金支出,才能使同等收入条件下个     

古井贡需要补缴亿元企业所得税吗?

继"古井贡偷税近亿,面临退市"被相关媒体披露后,财政部对安徽古井贡酒股份有限公司(以下简称"古井贡")的财务问题展开了调查,尽管调查结果尚未公布,但有证据表明2002和2003年度,古井贡分别抵减古井销售公司(古井贡的全资子公司,本文所称"销售公司"均为独立法人)应缴企业所得税3996.35万元和5925.48万元,两年的累计"偷税"金额高达9921.83万元.     

Hot Money and Quantitative Easing: The Spillover Effects of U.S. Monetary Policy on the Chinese Economy

We develop a factor‐augmented vector autoregression (FA‐VAR) model to estimate the effects that unanticipated changes in U.S. monetary policy and economic policy uncertainty have on the Chinese housing, equity, and loan markets. We find the decline in the U.S. policy rate since the Great Recession has led to a significant increase in Chinese housing investment. One possible reason for this effect is the substantial increase in the inflow of “hot money” into China. The responses of Chinese variables to U.S. shocks at the zero lower bound are different from those responses in normal times.     

政策利率变动、股利政策与企业投资效率

经济政策会改变企业赖以生存的外部环境,进而影响企业行为及未来发展.本文以沪深两市2007-2016年A股上市公司为研究样本,检验了政策利率变动对企业投资效率的影响,探究了股利政策对政策利率冲击的调节作用.本文发现,政策利率提高显著加剧企业非效率投资,且对于企业非效率投资越严重的企业,政策利率提高对其影响越大.支付股利的企业更不容易进行非效率的投资,但在利率降低时期支付股利,会加剧利率对企业投资效率的负面影响.     

“暴力征地”现象的产权经济学解释

文章认为国内出现的大量的"暴力征地"现象是由两个原因造成的:一个是中国土地产权的残缺,尤其是土地使用权和转让权的限制,另一个是交易费用,包括量度费用和信息费用,在此基础上推出的两个含义都得到了事实的验证。     

Exploring how and when ethical conflict impairs employee organizational commitment: A stress perspective investigation

Previous studies demonstrate the detrimental effect of ethical conflict (i.e., incompatibility between ethical values of employees and organizations) on employee organizational commitment. However, few studies have assessed the underlying mechanisms and boundary conditions that may contribute to a deeper understanding of how and when the detrimental effect manifests. Drawing on the transactional model of stress and literature on the moral self, our study examines the psychological strain as a key intermediate mechanism that channels the negative relationship between the ethical conflict and organizational commitment. Furthermore, we posit that employees with different levels of moral identity and moral efficacy may suffer differently from ethical conflict. We tested our research model with two-wave lagged data obtained from 265 healthcare employees and found that the indirect, negative effect of ethical conflict on organizational commitment via psychological strain is strongest among employees with high moral identity and low moral efficacy. Interestingly, results show that employees with low moral identity and high moral efficacy do not suffer from ethical conflict. These findings suggest that ethical conflict is differentially harmful to employees and that a more nuanced understanding of its contingent effects is needed.     

实效策略对消费者购物行为影响的对比研究

消费者对商品购物需求的飞速发展刺激了购物场所的急速增长,实效策略是各类零售业企业经常使用的促销策略,研究以问卷调查的统计结果为依据,首次尝试设置性别、消费者的购买行为类别、实效策略三维变量,通过方差分析对比影响消费者购物行为的实效策略优劣,为经营者有针对性地选择实效策略提供建议与指导。     

第三方支付机构的小企业融资业务发展浅析

借助第三方支付机构在银行和小企业之间的桥梁作用,可为小企业提供融资便利.本文对现有的融资模式进行了探讨,分析其积极作用和不足之处,在此基础上,对第三方支付机构以及监管部门在如何发展和保障小企业的融资业务方面提出了意见和建议.     

English Proficiency and Earnings of Foreign-Born Immigrants in the USA from 1980 to 2000: The Effect of Minority-Language Enclaves

This paper compares the importance of English proficiency (EP) on earnings among the foreign-born immigrants from 1980 to 2000 and shows its importance varied over time. The key issue examined is changes in the impact of being in a minority-language enclave and its interactions with the return to EP. Results show that the negative effects of enclaves were the greatest in 1990 and such effects were significantly stronger among those fluent English speakers. The relationship between EP and the enclave effects is explored, which confirms their strong interaction in 1990. However, the evidence of fluent speakers' large migrations from enclaves between 1990 and 2000 is not strong, as of the 24 foreign language groups, 13 showed decreases in fluency in enclaves relative to non-enclaves, while 11 showed increases in fluency in enclaves relative to non-enclaves. This may relate to non-wage benefits of living in enclaves, such as social benefits.