Environmental problems in Belarus

Résumé By far the most pressing problbem facing Belarus is the radioactive contamination resulting from the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power station and the on-going threat to the environment posed by the destroyed reactor and those blocks which continue to produce electricity. The country is clearly not in a position to cope with the repercussions of the disaster. Western aid is required here, particularly to provide medical care for the population, decontaminate polluted areas, provide reliable measuring equipment and to analyse the level of contamination in food supplies. Air pollution, although worrying in some cities, is not as dramatic as in most of the polluted industrial centres of Russia and the Ukraine. Water pollution, too, is less serious than in most of the successor states to the Soviet Union. A serious problem is, however, posed by salification of the water supply by the potash industry. Recently environmental charges were introduced with the aim of improving environmental protection. Yet given rapid inflation and the persistence of soft budget constraints for enterprises, such charges are unlikely to have so far provided a significant incentive to more ecologically sustainable production in Belarus.     

对23个万亿GDP城市房地产风险的测算与判断

2020年中国万亿GDP城市达到23个,本文选取三个指标分析对这23个城市的房地产风险进行测算,并采用综合指数法对指标进行拟合.测算显示,23个万亿GDP城市房地产指标普遍超过临界值,其中深圳房地产风险最大,北京杭州位居第二第三;房地产风险的分化较为明显,不同城市房地产风险的成因不同,同类型城市也存在较大差异.基于研究结论提出了加强房地产金融调控的政策建议.     

我国证券纠纷调解机制的完善和金融申诉专员制度合理要素的借鉴

我国新修订的《证券法》于2020年3月1日正式施行。作为资本市场根本法规,《证券法》新增第六章"投资者保护"可谓亮点之一,其中第94条规定"强制调解制度"在诉讼和仲裁之外为投资者提供了新的维权路径,加强对投资者的事后保护。但目前我国证券纠纷调解机制仍有诸多问题,例如法律条文碎片化、调解协议刚性不足、调解衔接机制不完善、调解机构体系混乱、监督机制不力等,这些弊病从根本上严重影响证券纠纷调解机制的制度设计和程序运行。本文拟通过分析英国金融申诉专员制度的成熟经验,为我国证券纠纷调解机制的完善和发展提出优化路径。     

German rail vehicle construction in the context of market globalisation

Conclusion In the guise of ABB Daimler-Benz Transportation and Siemens, Germany has two powerful systems suppliers in a good position to keep pace with other systems suppliers on global markets. As in the air-travel industry it is conceivable that developments are moving towards a uniform rail technology. Although the buy national principle still dominates procurement practices, and national egos still dominate the development of rail systems (ICE, TGV), growing competition from Japan could force Europe to develop a European system. This would significantly increase the chances of European industry in bidding for international contracts. For this reason the EU should not relent in its efforts to standardise European rail systems.     

香港保本基金的发展与启示

本文通过考察香港保本基金的销售情况与风险收益特征,总结其投资方案与运作模式,揭示其发展情况与股市的关系,对发展我国保本基金有若干启示.     

逆向选择与信用配给:中小企业融资难根源分析

文章通过中美中小企业融资的渠道和结构对比,分析中国中小企业融资困难的原因,并进一步通过两个模型解释资金借贷市场上的逆向选择问题和银行被迫采用的信用配给制度.文章最后提出了解决中小企业融资困难的一些建议.     

探寻实现农民增收的有效途径

解决好农业、农村和农民问题,是我们党和政府全部工作的重中之重,而实现农民增收又是其中的一大主题.实现农民增收,既要有体制保障,也要有得力措施;当各项措施都能落实到位时,农民增收这一难题便得以破解.     

持续粗放性的投资将透支中国经济

本文基于我国目前投资增长过快、资源消耗过大、投资效率下降、财经风险积聚的现实,给出我国宏观经济呈现出透支趋势的基本判断,并提出相应的财政、货币和宏观调控对策和建议,以实现我国经济社会的协调和可持续发展.     

技术创新的特点、障碍及应对策略

科学技术的发展与进步使技术的生命周期大大缩短,企业在生产经营过程中,如果不能"早到五分钟",就可能使企业在市场竞争中处于被动地位.企业只有通过技术创新,使所生产的产品不断更新换代,满足市场不断变化的需求,才能在竞争中获胜.     

会计协调的测定方法

分步实现会计的国际协调和国内协调是我国会计改革的既定目标。在分步实现的过程中,如何科学地测定每一阶段我国会计协调的成效具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文在明确会计协调的含义,区分形式上的协调与实质性协调基础上,重点讨论了测定会计协调程度的指数法、可比性测定法、盈余管理测定法和收益影响估计法。