国内外嵌入性研究述评

对现有国内外嵌入性研究进行了评述。指出:目前嵌入性的概念内涵已较为成熟;一些学者综合社会资本和社会网络研究,对嵌入型的概念构成提出了不同的维度划分方式,多数学者从不同侧面探讨了嵌入性与企业活动的关系;现有研究的不足主要体现为,不同层面的研究没有有效交融、嵌入性与企业活动间联系研究的系统性有待开发、一些社会网络研究方法等无法被充分应用于此方面的研究中。     

FORMAL SEARCH AND REFERRALS FROM A FIRM'S PERSPECTIVE

We explore the relationship between firms' characteristics and recruitment strategies. We present a theoretical search model with two search channels: a costly formal channel and a costless informal channel (referrals). We empirically test the model predictions and find that: larger firms search more formally; firms search more formally for high-skilled workers; the positive relationship between firm's size and formal search intensity also holds for firms not using referrals; firms using referrals invest less into formal search compared to firms not using referrals; larger firms hire less often by referrals than smaller firms; and larger search effort leads to more applicants.     

Research Frontiers in the Economics of Climate Change

Academic and policy debates over climate change risks and policies have stimulated economic research in a variety of fields. In this article I briefly discuss eight overlapping areas of current research in which further effort is particularly warranted. These areas include decision criteria for policy; risk assessment and adaptation; uncertainty and learning; abatement cost and the innovation and diffusion of technology; and the credibility of policies and international agreements. Further analysis in these areas not only will advance academic understanding but also will provide insights of considerable importance to policymakers.     

Fiscal strategies,foreign indebtedness,and overlapping generations

Conclusions This paper offers a unifying dynamic system approach to real government debt and real capital formation in a world economy. The sustainability of permanently maintained primary fiscal deficits is investigated in an open economy. In particular if national governments compete in the issuance of debt at an international capital market sustainable debt profiles appear only as a theoretical (i. e., not empirically valid) curiosity. Within the more realistic regime of an undercapitalized world economy a nation can only run a permanently maintained primary surplus. Starting from a PMP surplus the paper also demonstrates the viability of temporary deficits implying an increase in taxation later to stabilize the fiscal debt. By reversing the argument this shows, the right way to reduce government debt in a non-traumatic manner is to run a higher temporary surplus via higher taxation. Using this extrasurplus to buy back fiscal debt the economy may reduce taxation later while enjoying vigorous capital accumulation towards a higher capital-labour ratio. Furthermore, the paper shows that ceteris paribus a relatively high social security load and a relatively high size of a balanced budget causes external indebtedness via consumption oriented current account deficits. It is left for further research to see what happens if government borrows for public investment instead of public consumption.My research was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. While preparing the paper 1 had access to unpublished work by M. Carlberg and T. Ihori. Discussions with M. Carlberg, H. Großmann, J. Michaelis, and H. Schmid are gratefully acknowledged. The diagrams were mastered by C. Schwarz.     

Sectoral linking of carbon markets: A trade-theory analysis

The linking of emission trading systems (ETS) is a widely discussed policy option for future international cooperation on climate change. Benefits are expected from efficiency gains and the alleviation of concerns over competitiveness. However, from trade-theory it is known that due to general equilibrium effects and market distortions, linking may not always be beneficial for all participating countries. Following-up on this debate, we use a Ricardo-Viner type general equilibrium model to study the implications of sectoral linking on carbon emissions (‘leakage’), competitiveness, and welfare. By comparing pre- and post-linking equilibria, we show analytically how global emissions can increase if one of the ‘linked’ countries lacks an economy-wide emissions cap, although in case of a link across idiosyncratic sectors a decrease of emissions (‘anti-leakage’) is also possible. If – as a way to address concerns about competitiveness – a link between the EU ETS and a hypothetical US system is established, the partial emission coverage of the EU ETS can lead to the creation of new distortions between the non-covered domestic and international sector. Finally, we show how the welfare effect from linking can be decomposed into gains-from-trade and terms-of-trade contributions, and how the latter can make the overall effect ambiguous.     

钛酸酯在背喷灯箱片中作用

随着数码相机的迅速发展,喷墨打印技术经过近几年的发展已成为一项成熟的新技术,喷墨打印市场的迅猛发展促使背喷灯箱片的需求量迅速增长。本文基于实验结果,联系相关理论就背喷灯箱片白层涂液研发中的瓶颈技术做了详细介绍。     

Baylor University Roundtable on The Corporate Mission, CEO Pay, and Improving the Dialogue with Investors

A small group of academics and practitioners discusses four major controversies in the theory and practice of corporate finance:

• • What is the social purpose of the public corporation? Should corporate managements aim to maximize the profitability and value of their companies, or should they instead try to balance the interests of their shareholders against those of “stakeholder” groups, such as employees, customers, and local communities?
• • Should corporate executives consider ending the common practice of earnings guidance? Are there other ways of shifting the focus of the public dialogue between management and investors away from near-term earnings and toward longer-run corporate strategies, policies, and goals? And can companies influence the kinds of investors who buy their shares?
• • Are U.S. CEOs overpaid? What role have equity ownership and financial incentives played in the past performance of U.S. companies? And are there ways of improving the design of U.S. executive pay?
• • Can the principles of corporate governance and financial management at the core of the private equity model—notably, equity incentives, high leverage, and active participation by large investors—be used to increase the values of U.S. public companies?

     

提高交接计量精度 降低管输原油损耗

介绍了管道输油单位工艺流程和油量计算,通过收、销油参数的对比,分析了标准器具、环境、人员等引起管输原油差量的原因,提出了如何通过采取流量计系数交接、同时加强对收、销油在体积、密度、含水等参数的监督,来提高原油交接计量精度,降低管输原油损耗。     

陕西省纺织企业可持续增长与财政补贴关系研究

本文以陕西省12家纺织企业2009年的观测值为样本,对企业的可持续增长及其获得的财政补贴的相关性进行研究。结果表明:陕西省纺织企业的可持续增长率与财政补贴金额呈显著正相关。另外,企业规模、企业成立年限与财政补贴金额正相关,营业收入增长率与财政补贴金额负相关。     

关于促进房地产业稳定健康发展的对策研究

房地产业是国民经济中的重要产业之一,在我国经济、社会生活中发挥着重要的作用。但房地产业发展中也存在房地产价格总体偏高、房地产开发结构性矛盾突出、房地产市场操作不规范等问题。因此,对房地产业进行宏观调控、促进房地产业稳定健康发展,对于稳定经济、保障民生问题的解决是非常必要的。