刻板印象对考官评分偏差的影响:考官决策方式的调节作用

面试中,基于过去的有限经验产生的对特定群体的刻板印象会有意识或无意识地影响考官的判断决策,为了维持刻板的一致性,人们会故意忽视与刻板印象不一致的信息,这在很大程度上损害了面试的有效性和公平性.为了探究减弱面试刻板印象影响的方法,本文通过2(刻板刺激:有/无)×2(考官决策方式:直觉性决策/分析性决策)组间因子设计,利用眼动技术模拟教师行为事件面试,探讨了面试中刻板印象影响考官评分偏差的作用机制,以及考官决策方式与刻板印象对考官评分偏差的交互作用.结果表明:(1)存在刻板印象实验标的刺激时,考官对刺激的视觉注意更多,考官评分偏差更大,即刻板印象通过视觉注意的中介作用影响考官评分偏差;(2)刻板印象和考官决策方式存在显著的交互作用.实验结论对如何有效削弱刻板印象对面试决策的影响,提高面试有效性具有一定的启示意义.     

Effect of religious priming in prosocial and destructive behaviour

In this paper, we study the behavioural impact of religious priming by showing participants religious words in a scrambled sentence task before a dictator game and a joy‐of‐destruction game. We also elicited data on individual religiosity and religious affiliation using a questionnaire. Priming religious words significantly increased prosocial behaviour in the dictator game, and the effect was especially striking among those reporting no religion, atheists and agnostics. The religious prime has no significant effect in mitigating destructive behaviour or own expectations of the other's destruction choice, but both destructive behaviour and expectations correlate positively with the multi‐dimensional religiosity measure.     

Company's General Finance Analysisand Risk

A firm’s Capital structure is the mix of a company＇s longtermdebt, specific short-term debt, common equity and preferredequity. It also aims to balance the tradeoff between thebenefits of debt financing and cost of debt financing. Debtcomes in the form of bond issues or long-term notes payable,while equity is classified as common stock, preferred stock orretained earnings. Short-term debt such as working capital requirementsis also considered to be part of the capital structure,so for target debt ratio, Target Debt Ratio is the target proportionof a firm＇s total assets that are being financed with borrowedfunds, because firms are expected to finance investmentssubsequently from equity and debt. A fundamental problem inempirical studies is that having a target debt ratio or not isunobservable from public data. So firm have a capital structurepolicy, i.e. target debt ratio.     

食品企业危机公关中的媒体策略

随着社会的发展,人们的生活水平逐渐提高,对食品质量安全的要求也越来越高。但近几年频频出现的食品安全问题,不仅给社会公众的生命安全造成了极大的危害,也给食品企业带来了沉重的打击。尤其是在互联网、自媒体高度发达的当今社会,媒体的大肆曝光,以及食品安全危机管理上的诸多问题,使食品企业面临着前所未有的困境。本文针对食品企业公关出现的问题,提出了相应的媒体策略。从企业管理的视角,运用公共关系学中的相关危机原理,分析如何让食品行业渡过危机寻求更好的发展,力求将企业的损失降到最低。     

区域科技基础条件平台构建研究

区域科技基础条件平台的构建，可以更好的发挥公共科技服务在区域自主创新和科技进步中的作用，有利于减少科技资源布局分散和重复建设等问题，将为区域主导产业的发展起到极大的促进作用，可以确保产业在全国同行业中处于领先地位。本文在解析了区域科技基础条件平台建设影响因素的基础上，分析区域科技基础条件平台构建的目标任务和重点工作内容，并探讨相关的保障措施。     

从工资差异到趋同:外溢的视角

本文从理论和实证两个角度集中回顾了工资外溢领域的相关文献。这一领域的理论主要从工资的同步决定和工资先后决定两个方向展开,前者以工会垄断模型为线索,后者重点研究工资决定的领导者-追随者模型。而实证研究主要讨论工资外溢的发生机制,集中在以下三个层面:行业之间、外资企业和内资企业之间以及私有部门和公共部门之间,主要结论如下:不同层面都存在工资外溢,而且工资外溢主要通过在相似的产品和劳动力市场的竞争以及出于制度或心理上的公平考虑而产生的嫉妒效应发生。文章联系中国已有的工资相互关联如工资攀比和趋同等以及长期存在的行业间工资差距持续扩大等现象,提出研究中国工资外溢的初步思路。     

住宅产业中绿色能源的开发与高效利用

住宅建设在考虑安全性和舒适性的同时,更要为人类可持续生存和发展着想,这其中为住宅提供绿色能源以降低能耗至关重要。可用于住宅的绿色能源主要包括太阳能、风能和地热能等可再生自然能源。自然能源的利用技术较为成熟的形式主要有:太阳能光热与光电技术、地源热泵中央空调技术、风力发电等。     

Cognitive,Emotional, and Sociocultural Processes in Consumption

This article examines deliberative, emotional, and sociocultural processes in consumption. The authors draw upon basic processes from two leading theories in social psychology, the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the model of goal‐directed behavior (MGB), to develop a comprehensive approach to decision making more appropriate for many consumption decisions, and revise the representation and modeling of key variables to better reflect how social psychological processes relate to consumer behavior. A survey was conducted among real adult consumers of bacalhau in Portugal. Because it is most common for women to prepare bacalhau meals in Portugal, 153 female participants were recruited for this survey. The results show that the TPB, and especially the MGB, are found to explain food consumption decisions well but only after the approaches are modified in form and content to accommodate the complex emotional and social aspects of the consumption context. The results also show that the effects of key determinants of desire in the MGB are contingent on the traits of food involvement and cultural orientation (i.e., degree of vertical individualism). The approach taken herein overcomes limitations of existing theories by synthesizing relevant processes across two leading theories and by introducing new variables and processes, thereby showing that the organization of these processes and their contingency on cultural variables regulate consumption.