救灾需求内涵模式及其指标体系与救助评估研究

灾害救助的效果评价是灾害分析的重要内容.从已有研究来看,至今还没有一套被认可的灾害救助需求理论,实践中也没有一套恰当评价灾害救助效果的方法.本研究从受灾地区及其灾民的需求出发,界定了灾害救助需求及特点,提出了"‘2+3'灾害救助需求框架模型".并进一步以灾民主体需求为线索,提炼形成一个包括"生命需求-生活需求-心理需求"在内的"三位一体救助需求"指标体系.在此基础上,对灾害救助概念模型以及灾害需求经验系数进行了研究,就一些物资或人员的最小需求量进行了计算运用.最后,以需尜系数为依据对救助需求满足的效果进行了评判,还延伸梳理了灾害救助能力建设的主要内容.     

Providing global public goods under uncertainty

We study how uncertainty and risk aversion affect international agreements to supply global public goods. We consider a benchmark model with homogeneous countries and linear payoffs. When countries directly contribute to a public good, uncertainty tends to lower signatories' efforts but may increase participation. Despite risk aversion, uncertainty may improve welfare. In contrast, when countries try to reduce a global public bad, uncertainty tends to increase signatories' efforts and decrease participation. In that case, an ex-ante reduction of uncertainty may have a large positive multiplier effect on welfare.     

A cross-country study of consumer innovativeness and technological service innovation

The current literature suggests that the concept of consumer innovativeness is universally applicable. Innovators are believed to be novelty seekers and risk takers independent of their national identity, and therefore to be attracted to similar characteristics of an innovation across most countries. However, research in intercultural marketing has shown that cultural norms and values have varying influences on the adoption of innovation, a finding that seems to contradict the assumption that the relationship between consumer innovativeness and adoption of innovation is universally uniform. This research investigates the effects of consumer innovativeness on attitude toward a service-based innovation across three European countries. The results of a multi-group structural equation modeling show that the relationship between consumer innovativeness and attitude toward innovation varies across the three dimensions of perceived novelty, perceived value, and perceived risk.     

Environmental Pressures and Technical Efficiency of Pig Farms in Hungary

Pig farming is one of the strongest polluters of water due to its intensive production and slurry rejection. Several European countries have introduced environmental regulations aiming at reducing the pollution caused by nitrates from agriculture, but not yet Hungary. We investigate how Hungarian pig farms' output and technical efficiency would be affected if such regulations are to be fully implemented in this country. Results indicate that the pollution could be reduced with no impact on the output level, and that pig farmers have incentives to reduce nitrogen pollution in order to increase their efficiency even in the absence of regulation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国纸业上市公司经营绩效分化的实证研究——以沪市造纸业上市公司为例

以11家沪市纸业上市公司为研究样本,利用样本公司2004—2007年公开披露的财务数据,运用因子分析法和主成分分析法,对我国纸业上市公司的经营绩效进行了实证分析。研究发现:我国纸业上市公司的经营绩效存在分化现象;11家沪市纸业上市公司2005年的经营绩效总体上好于2004年,但2006年、2007年两年的经营绩效呈下滑趋势。最后,分析了影响纸业上市公司绩效分化的原因。     

奇美青岛

2006年,我和我的中国妻子来到青岛,这是我第一次来青岛。当这个濒于太平洋的海滨城市展现在我眼前的那一刻,我的心扉立即被触动了;我来自法国布列塔尼的圣马洛——滨于大西洋的海滨城市,圣马洛与青岛如此相似,到青岛就像回到了家乡。     

On the reliability of unitizing textual continua: Further developments

This paper builds on an agreement coefficient proposed by Krippendorff (Content analysis: an introduction to its methodology, 2013) for measuring the reliability of unitizing and coding continuous phenomena, for example, of texts, videos, or sound recordings. It serves three purposes: It modifies Krippendorff’s definition which turned out to behave not as expected when applied to more than two observers, coders, or annotators. It extends this reliability measure to a family of four coefficients able to assess the reliabilities of diverse properties of unitized continua. It adds a way to obtain the confidence intervals of these coefficients as well as the probability of failing to reach targeted reliability levels. And it describes and provides access to free software that calculates all values of this family of reliability coefficients.     

The Clean Development Mechanism in a world carbon market

This paper discusses the role of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in the market for carbon quotas and countries' commitments to reduce their carbon emission levels. We show that the CDM contributes to an efficient funding of clean technology investments in least developed countries. However, the CDM is not neutral on the global level of carbon emissions as it entices countries to raise their emission caps. The CDM may also make inappropriate the inclusion of any country that takes no emission abatement commitment. It can even make inefficient a country's decision to commit to an emission target. The implications of the presence of non‐additional projects are also analyzed.