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961.
962.
Reconstructing growth theory: A survey 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Summary Recent developments in the theory of economic growth aim at endogenising long-run growth. The paper discusses models in which technological change arises as a by-product of certain economic activities as well as models where some economic actions are explicity aimed at technological improvements. In addition, separate sections are devoted to the specific reconstruction of growth theory by M. Scott and models explaining stages of economic development. For expositional purposes the algebra is kept to a minimum. The focus is on theoretical models for a closed economy. Empirical work is only mentioned in passing.We are indebted to S. Kuipers, F. van der Ploeg and A. van Schaik for useful comments on an earlier version. 相似文献
963.
Lourdes Acedo Montoya Jakob de Haan 《International Economics and Economic Policy》2008,5(1-2):123-137
We analyse regional business cycle synchronization in the Euro Area, using gross value added in 53 NUTS 1 regions for a period of 30 years (1975–2005), detrended by Hodrick–Prescott and the Christiano–Fitzgerald filters. We conclude that, on average, synchronization has increased for the period considered with exceptions during the eighties and the beginning of the nineties. Still, the correlation of the business cycle in some regions with the benchmark remained low or even decreased. Our findings also support the hypothesis of the existence of a ‘national border’ effect. 相似文献
964.
Tourism and cultural revival 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Cultural change is a recurrent concern in tourism anthropology studies. Host societies frequently remodel their culture following the creation of a tourist resort. But, that does not necessarily imply an acculturating process, since what actually takes place is pragmatic cultural production work in response to the touristic demands that offer consolidated economic alternatives and livelihood. As for the Pataxó Indians of Porto Seguro of Brazil, they have sponsored a “cultural revival” process. In other words, they have generated the traditions that start being exhibited commercially in arenas where the prospect of emergent ethnic tourism is perceived. 相似文献
965.
966.
Institutions, customs, laws are often, and sometimes implausibly, credited with efficiency. They serve a good purpose and if they had not arisen, we would have invented them. The claim is reassuring, though it may be no more than a pious lie. The creation of the state by social contract, and the adoption of supposedly rational customs by primitive peoples, serve as examples. Interpreting the welfare state as a mutual insurance scheme from which all can expect to profit is a classic of the kind. 相似文献
967.
Is tax competition good for economic growth? The paper addresses this question by means of a simple model of economic growth in which a wasteful Leviathan state sets taxes and provides a productive input. Wasteful behaviour is restricted by the voter, who reduces political support if her income is reduced. The intensity of tax competition is modelled via variation of a parameter measuring the mobility of the tax base. It is shown that the effects of increased mobility of the tax base on economic growth are ambiguous and that the elasticity of intertemporal substitution, which in this model equals the rate of intratemporal substitution between the government’s own consumption and its political support, is a decisive variable in this context. 相似文献
968.
Location Choice and Employment Decisions: A Comparison of German and Swedish Multinationals 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Sascha O.?BeckerEmail author Karolina?Ekholm Robert?J?ckle Marc-Andreas?Muendler 《Review of World Economics》2005,141(4):693-731
Using data on German and Swedish multinational enterprises (MNEs), this paper analyzes determinants of location choice and
the degree of substitutability of labor across locations. Countries with highly skilled labor strongly attract German but
not necessarily Swedish MNEs. In MNEs from either country, affiliate employment tends to substitute for employment at the
parent firm. At the margin, substitutability is the strongest with respect to affiliate employment in Western Europe. A one
percent larger wage gap between Germany and locations in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) is associated with 760 fewer jobs
at German parents and 4,620 more jobs at affiliates in CEE. A one percent larger wage gap between Sweden and CEE is associated
with 140 fewer jobs at Swedish parents and 260 more jobs at affiliates in CEE.
JEL no. F21, F23, J21, J23 相似文献
969.
Sascha?WilkensEmail author Jens?Wimschulte 《Financial Markets and Portfolio Management》2005,19(1):61-98
This paper investigates whether the announcement and/or the implementation of the major changes in March 2003 to the German stock index landscape led to significant price and volume effects. We examine five stock subgroups that were either removed from their former indices or that were added to existing or newly constructed indices. Around the announcement date, stocks in these groups are subject to (cumulative) positive average abnormal marketadjusted returns, whereas the average trading volume tends to decrease. Around the actual change date, (cumulative) abnormal returns are mainly positive, while findings on abnormal transaction volumes are fairly heterogeneous. Our empirical results are not supported by any of the prevailing theoretical explanations of market reactions to index changes, but, as an important result, all findings depend crucially on the chosen benchmark model.The authors are grateful to two anonymous referees for insightful comments and suggestions and for helpful discussions with Stephan Schmidt-Tank. They would like to thank Fabian Zettler for his assistance in collecting the data. 相似文献
970.
Two approaches can be distinguished with respect to modelling entrepreneurship: (i) the approach focusing on the net development of the number of entrepreneurs in an equilibrium framework and (ii) the approach focusing on the entries and exits of entrepreneurs. In this paper we unify these approaches to arrive at a model explaining the equilibrium and actual number of entrepreneurs and the entry and exit rate of entrepreneurs simultaneously and consistently. We apply our unified approach to the Netherlands using self-employment data for the 1960–1999 period. We find error-correction of about 20% per year and a very different situation in terms of disequilibrium before and after the early 1980s. Periods of high unemployment appear to be characterized by both high entry and high exit rates. 相似文献