结构塑性设计优化理论

2—2 园板的举例轴线对称荷载的园板是最简单的例子,无论怎样都保持一般壳体问题的所有基本特性.有一个用特尔斯克(Tresca)材料做的简支夹芯园板.承受均匀分布荷载,在园环中有相等的γ种θ(图2)弯曲的主要比率Kr和Kθ仅仅是通过主要的弯矩M_γ和M_θ而归结为应变.屈服的轨迹已消楚的知道,如图3所示的特尔斯克六方晶体.     

适应科学发展观要求加快财务会计学发展的的思考

本文以科学发展观为指导,从财务会计学科体系、理论结构和财务会计确认、计量、报告等手段的发展入手,结合实际,并借鉴西方发达国家经验,就强化科学发展理论研究,加快科学发展观向财务会计体系渗透,如何使财务会计理论适应科学发展观的要求进行思考.     

三大前沿技术助力打造货运安全

从使用封条到使用卫星，货物的安全得益于科技的发展。新生的智能技术和检测技术为货运安全提供了新的解决思路，但再好的技术也要使用得当，否则也将一无是处。     

从福利经济学的角度看生态系统服务功能

生态系统服务功能与人类福利之间存在着密切的联系。深入认识生态系统服务功能与人类福利之间的相互联系与相互作用,对于保护和持续利用生态系统服务功能,提高人类的福利,促进经济社会的可持续发展具有重要的意义。本文基于联合国“新千年生态系统评估”(Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,MEA)项目的最新成果．系统分析了生态系统服务的内涵,从福利经济学的角度分析了生态系统服务与人类福利之间的关系,探讨了恢复和提高生态系统服务功能的主要措施。     

大学生心理健康教育刍议

提高大学生的心理健康水平,是大学生健康成长的需要,是时代发展和社会全面进步对培养高素质人才的必然要求。本文提出了大学生心理健康的衡量标准,分析了影响大学生心理健康的因素,在此基础上,探讨了做好大学生心理健康教育工作的方法。     

试论会计准则制定的国际经验

各国"不约而同"地用会计准则规范和指导会计实务的现象,究竟是偶然一致,还是一种客观必然呢?它涉及到对会计准则制定的国际经验总结问题.本文就此作一探讨.     

光有枝丫不叫树

树，必须有树干，光有枝桠的，不叫树。保险业中有很多类似的问题。比如，某一种产品是否属于“重大疾病保险”，长期以来一直没有一个标准的说法。其实，关键要看其是否包含了一些必要的核心的重大疾病，这些必要的核心的重大疾病就相当于树干，其他非核心的重大疾病则相当于枝桠。枝桠可有可无，但树干不可或缺。     

Who Gains from the Demographic Dividend? Forecasting Income by Age

Changes in the population age structure are known to influence the total income per person, but little is known about whether the changes are equally shared across the population or are concentrated on particular age groups and/or birth cohorts. The answer to this question has potentially important implications for income inequality, human capital investment, and fertility decision-making. We propose a new model of intergenerational transfers which distinguishes between the effects of changes in population structure and the effects of changes in family age structure. Using age-specific data from annual income and expenditure surveys of Taiwan between 1978 and 1998, we show that changes in age structure have had a very favorable effect on Taiwan's income growth. The gains are not equally shared by all age groups, however. Children and young adults have benefited the most, while the elderly have benefited the least. The population and family age structures have independent effects on per capita income; the effect of the population age structure is most important. Generational differences in per capita income are closely related to intergenerational differences in earnings, suggesting only a weak form of altruism. Finally, we predict that, on average, population aging will adversely influence the per capita income growth in Taiwan in the coming decades.     

Headship rates and the household formation process in Great Britain

"This paper looks at the changes in headship rates in Great Britain over the period 1960-1979, and attempts to explain them in terms of economic variables, such as real income and the real cost of housing. Such variables are found to be significant for some household types, but not for others. Notably, young single person household formation appears to be more supply constrained and to respond to appropriate supply variables." Furthermore, "some comparisons are made with similar studies done on similar data from the USA and France. These studies reveal a number of features in common, but also some differences, and these are commented upon."     

Waves of migration: a new situation

An attempt is made to forecast migration trends affecting those countries that were formerly part of the Soviet Union. "The new migratory trends are characterized by at least three fundamentally important elements: the ouster of the newly arrived population from the social niche that it had recently occupied, emigration from overpopulated regions, and growing emigration beyond the borders of the former Union."