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21.
Adriana Kemp Henrik Lebuhn Galia Rattner 《International journal of urban and regional research》2015,39(4):704-725
Based on a comparison of Berlin and Tel Aviv, this article investigates the ways in which ensembles of participatory instruments mediate between neoliberal urban regimes and political agency shaping differentially the meaning of participation and the types of claims that can be advanced. The article gives an overview of the recent history of both cities through the lens of participatory politics. Two in‐depth case studies further examine the relationship between participatory politics and claim making in each setting: the recent conflict over a social center in the district of Friedrichshain‐Kreuzberg in Berlin and the Levinsky tent city of 2011 in Tel Aviv. In the concluding section, the article suggests that, rather than assuming that participatory tools either co‐opt movements or can be appropriated by them, we need to rethink the relationship between participatory tools, rights and recognition, and ask how participatory structures and political agency constitute each other in interwoven dynamics. 相似文献
22.
Adriana Marshall 《International Review of Applied Economics》1999,13(1):23-39
The relationship between the degree of centralization of wage setting and labour market outcomes, generally discussed with reference to advanced OECD countries, is explored in this paper through the comparative analysis of eight Latin American countries, focusing on the effects of centralization on wage inequality. It is argued that the greater the decentralization of wage setting, the larger will be wage dispersion. The article starts with the presentation of the analytical model, and continues with the empirical study. This is divided into two parts. In the first, a number of institutional factors that contribute to define 'wage determination regimes' (collective bargaining structures; state intervention in wage setting; and union rights that determine union strength) are discussed, stressing the specific traits of centralization within Latin America, and the selected countries are scored in terms of those factors. In the second, the magnitude of wage dispersion across manufacturing industries is examined, and the resulting ranking of countries is contrasted with their ranking in terms of the institutional factors. It is concluded that, with some caveats, the degrees of centralization of bargaining structures and of wage inequality appear to be inversely associated, reproducing in the Latin American region the pattern found in OECD countries. 相似文献
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We study the difference in the volatility dynamics of CBOT corn, soybeans, and oats futures prices across different delivery horizons via a smoothed Bayesian estimator. We find that futures price volatilities in these markets are affected by inventories, time to delivery, and the crop progress period and that there are important differences in the effects across delivery horizons. We also find that price volatility is higher before the harvest starts in most cases compared to the volatility during the planting period. These results have implications for hedging, options pricing, and the setting of margin requirements. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 30:846–873, 2010 相似文献
25.
Garth J. Holloway Jeffrey H. Dorfman Simeon K. Ehui 《Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie》2001,49(3):293-311
Data augmentation is a powerful technique for estimating models with latent or missing data, but applications in agricultural economics have thus far been few. This paper showcases the technique in an application to data on milk market participation in the Ethiopian highlands. There, a key impediment to economic development is an apparently low rate of market participation. Consequently, economic interest centers on the “locations” of nonparticipants in relation to the market and their “reservation values” across covariates. These quantities are of policy interest because they provide measures of the additional inputs necessary in order for nonparticipants to enter the market. One quantity of primary interest is the minimum amount of surplus milk (the “minimum efficient scale of operations”) that the household must acquire before market participation becomes feasible. We estimate this quantity through routine application of data augmentation and Gibbs sampling applied to a random‐censored Tobit regression. Incorporating random censoring affects markedly the marketable‐surplus requirements of the household, but only slightly the covariates requirements estimates and, generally, leads to more plausible policy estimates than the estimates obtained from the zero‐censored formulation. Augmenter le nombre de données est une technique puissante permettant d'estimer les modèles pour lesquels les données manquent ou sont latentes, mais, jusqu'à présent, on n'y a guère recouru en économie rurale. L'article que void illustre une application de cette technique aux données se rapportant à la participation des producteurs au marché laitier dans les hauts plateaux de l'Éthiopie. Le faible taux de participation apparent constitue un obstacle de taille au développemenl économique de la région. Par conséquent, pour l'économiste, il est inléressanl de savoir où les « non‐participants » se trouvent par rapport au marché et de jauger leurs « réserves » en fonction des autres variables. Les valeurs de ce genre présenlenl de l'intérêt au niveau de l'élaboration des politiques, parce qu'elles donnent une idée des intrants supplémenlaires qui convaincraient les non‐participants de faire leur entrée sur le marché. Une valeur d'un intérêt primordial est le volume minimal de lait excédentaire («échelle minimale d'efficacité») que le ménage doit acquérir avant de participer au marché. On a eslimé cette valeur en appliquant la technique d'augmentation des données de la façon habituelle et en appliquant l'échanlillonnage de Gibbs à une régression Tobit censurée au hasard. L'intégration d'une censuration aléaloire affecte de maniére appréciable le volume de lait excédentaire commercialisable dont le ménage a besoin, mais ne louche que légèrement la valeur estimative des covariables requises et, en général, débouche sur des estimations plus plausibles que celles oblenues sans censuration en ce qui concerne l'élaboration des politiques. 相似文献
26.
Adriana Di Liberto Francesco Pigliaru Piergiorgio Chelucci 《Review of Income and Wealth》2011,57(1):156-182
This paper adopts fixed‐effect panel methodologies to obtain TFP values for a sample of 76 countries from 1960 through 2003. Our results are robust to the use of different estimators (LSDV, Kiviet‐corrected LSDV, and GMM). They show that TFP dynamics are characterized by a process of conditional convergence where most countries do not catch up with the U.S., and where human capital plays an important role in technology adoption, as suggested by Nelson and Phelps in 1966. Such a role is robust to the inclusion of controls for the quality of institutions in a country. Further, our results imply a plausible link between stages of development and returns to different levels of education. Finally, we calculate the minimum human capital level necessary to generate catch‐up and find that virtually all countries are above that level—a result that again emphasizes the importance of human capital in technology diffusion. 相似文献
27.
Giridhar Myneni Jeffrey H. Dorfman Glenn C. W. Ames 《Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie》1994,42(3):261-271
The welfare impacts of the 1987–91 Canadian \"voluntary\" 15% lumber export tax and the current 6.51 % U. S. import duty are analyzed using a simultaneous equations model of the softwood lumber market. The results show that U.S. consumers suffer losses 35% to 45% of those endured by Canadian producers. Canadian national welfare was much higher under the voluntary export tax, indicating the Canadian government erred in unilaterally terminating the agreement. In both instances, the U.S. government pursued policies that benefited domestic producers at the expense of U.S. lumber consumers, with no attempt or discussion of compensation. Thus, this appears to be a case of \"beggar thy consumer\" trade policy. 相似文献
28.
Kim Mckee Tom Moore Adriana Soaita Joe Crawford 《International journal of urban and regional research》2017,41(2):318-333
The now widely used term ‘Generation Rent’ reflects the growing phenomenon in the UK of young people living in the private rental sector for longer periods of their lives. Given the importance of leaving home in youth transitions to adulthood, this is a significant change. It is further critical given the rapid expansion of the private rented sector in the UK over recent decades and the more limited rights that private tenants have. This article draws on qualitative evidence to highlight the impact this has on young people's lives, and broader patterns of social‐spatial inequality. Our research highlights that, whilst young people retain long‐term preferences for homeownership, they nonetheless deconstruct this normalized ideal as a ‘fallacy of choice', given its unachievability in reality. Influenced by the work of Foucault, Bourdieu and Bauman, we emphasize how these dominant norms of housing consumption are in tension with objective reality, since young people's ability to become ‘responsible homeowners' is tempered by their material resources and the local housing opportunities available to them. Nonetheless, this does not exempt them from the ‘moral distinctions' being made, wherein renting is problematized and constructed as ‘flawed consumption'. These conceptual arguments advance international scholarly debates about the governance of consumption, offering a novel theoretical lens through which to examine the difficulties facing ‘Generation Rent’. 相似文献
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Tamela D. Ferguson Mark S. Dorfman William L. Ferguson 《Risk Management & Insurance Review》2005,8(1):65-101
This research provides an assessment of the utility and quality of risk management and insurance (RMI)-related journals using professorial expert opinion. Although Social Science Citation Index (SSCI)-produced citation counts and article impact factors are widely available and commonly used methods of journal comparison, they are limited to very few generally premier journals in any field, including RMI, leaving stakeholders with substantial gaps when benchmarking journal factors. We bridge this gap by comparing RMI faculty opinion of quality to SSCI assessments for 13 journals with results indicating general consistency across these measures. The expert opinion approach is extended to assess quality across a sample of 30 RMI-related publications, along with assigning journal categories delineated based on reported academic utility, contributing to RMI boundary definitions. Posthoc analysis indicates only modest influences for some individual, institutional, and journal-related factors on professorial perceptions, evidence that expert opinions are reliable measures of RMI journal utility and quality. Additionally, only modest differences are found in journal quality assessments by academics relative to the teaching versus research institutional mission of their employers, as well as across perceived individual teaching versus research role expectations. Thus, the expert opinion approach to evaluating utility and quality, coupled with regression and subsample analysis, aids RMI academics and other stakeholders in journal assessment and boundary definition issues. These contributions to the advancement of journal assessment methodologies in general may also prove useful across academic disciplines. 相似文献