The life satisfaction of teachers at work place,research of structural equation modelling regarding general and organized cynicism

This research aims to determine both the predictive role and level of teachers’ life satisfaction, as well as general and organizational cynic perceptions in their workplace. The study sample was composed of 457 teachers who worked in the middle schools in the center and districts of Konya in 2016, who were randomly selected by group sampling. Analysis of the research data was conducted using the statistical program AMOS 18.0, according to structural equation modeling. In the research, loneliness in teachers’ professional lives was considered in two dimensions: as “emotional deprivation” and “social friendship.” According to the research findings, it is evident that organizational cynicism is the most important variable affecting teachers’ emotional deprivation and social companionship levels. The second most important variable affecting teachers' levels of emotional deprivation is general cynicism, while social companionship levels are more affected by life satisfaction. It is also seen that there is a negative relationship between the emotional deprivation and social friendship and life satisfaction variables. The results also demonstrate a slight but statistically significant relationship between the general cynicism and the social friendship levels of teachers.     

Self-employment rates and business size: the roles of occupational choice and credit market frictions

Self-employment rates and project size vary greatly across countries. The main message of this paper is that these broad regularities are consistent with an environment in which a common self-employment technology is available worldwide, but where (a) financial intermediation costs and (b) alternatives in “paid” work differ greatly. Our model indicates that alternatives in paid work are crucial for explaining self-employment rates, whereas high financial intermediation costs primarily affect the scale of projects. We also show that credit use is not informative for predicting either rates of self-employment or the scale of self-employment projects.     

On preferences over subsets and the lattice structure of stable matchings

This paper studies the structure of stable multipartner matchings in two-sided markets where choice functions are quotafilling in the sense that they satisfy the substitutability axiom and, in addition, fill a quota whenever possible. It is shown that (i) the set of stable matchings is a lattice under the common revealed preference orderings of all agents on the same side, (ii) the supremum (infimum) operation of the lattice for each side consists componentwise of the join (meet) operation in the revealed preference ordering of the agents on that side, and (iii) the lattice has the polarity, distributivity, complementariness and full-quota properties. Received: 5 March 1999 / Accepted: 12 May 2000     

Political Business Cycles and Partisan Politics: Evidence from a Developing Economy

This paper explores whether the evidence supports the Political Business Cycle (PBC) theory, Partisan Theory (PT), and Rational Partisan Theory (RPT) using stock market data from Turkey, a rapidly growing developing economy. The results indicate that the PBC hypothesis is not supported by the data. We find permanent partisan effects in the conditional variance but not in returns. The conditional volatility of the returns is higher during the periods in which a leftist party or a coalition government is in office. We also find that the stock market returns temporarily decreases (increases) at the beginning of a right‐wing (left‐wing) government, providing evidence in favor of RPT.     

Investor abilities and financial contracting: Evidence from venture capital

Using a large, new database of contractual provisions governing the allocation of cash flow rights in venture capital (VC) financings, we investigate how contract design is related to VC abilities to monitor and provide value-added services to the entrepreneur. We find that more experienced VCs, who have superior abilities and more frequently join the boards of their portfolio companies, obtain weaker downside-protecting contractual cash flow rights than less experienced VCs. Several pieces of evidence suggest that this relation is unlikely to be driven by selection effects. The results suggest that VCs with better governance abilities focus less on obtaining downside protections, which entail risk-sharing costs, and more on other aspects of the contract (such as obtaining board representation) during negotiations with entrepreneurs. The results also imply that previous estimates of the amount entrepreneurs pay for affiliation with high-quality VCs are overstated.     

Planning perceptions and planning results

The need for planning in business organizations operating in today's complex environment is widely accepted. Implied is an assumption that planning improves performance. However, the empirical evidence for such a claim is thin. Since planning is an integral part of strategy formulation, the facts to confirm or refute an assumed connection between planning and performance invite attention. Our research focuses on new data from 61 companies which test this linkage and, in addition, reviews the conclusions of prior empirical studies.     

The impact of group-oriented values on choice of conflict management styles and outcomes: an empirical study in Turkey

Globalization has led to increased attention to cultural diversity in workforces and its influences on organizational practice. This study examines group-oriented values and their impact on choice of conflict management styles as well as on conflict resolution outcomes in Turkey. Using a sample of 315 managerial personnel from various public and private organizations, this study shows that norms of subordination of personal needs to group interests and beliefs about the effects of personal pursuit on group productivity are the most important predictors of choice of conflict management styles in Turkey. In addition, dominating and obliging styles are associated with individual profits in actual conflict resolution process and integrating style is the primary determinant of satisfaction and relationship building in conflict management. Managerial implications are then discussed on diversity and conflict management training for effective international human resources management.     

Monotonicity and envyfree assignments

Summary Given any problem involving assignment of indivisible objects and a sum of money among individuals, there is an efficient envyfree allocation (namely the minmax money allocation) which can be extended monotonically to a new efficient envyfree allocation for any object added or individual removed, and another (the maximin value allocation) extendable similarly for any object removed or person added. Still, the efficient envyfree solution is largely incompatible with the resource and population monotonicity axioms: The minmax money and maxmin value allocations are unique in being extendable.I wish to thank William Thomson, David Gale, Ehud Kalai and a referee for valuable suggestions. Previous versions have appeared in the discussion paper series of CORE, Universite Catholique de Louvain, and CEME, Universite Libre de Brussels; to both of these centers I extend my thanks for the visit I enjoyed in 1992. I also gratefully acknowledge support from the Bogaziçi University Research Fund.     

THE VALUE LINE STOCK RANKINGS AND THE OPTION MODEL IMPLIED STANDARD DEVIATIONS

Here, the relationship between Value Line rankings and option implied standard deviations is investigated. Each Value Line ranking (safety, price stability, timeliness, and earnings predictability) is significantly related to option implied standard deviations for a sample of 62 companies with Value Line timeliness rankings of 1, 2, 4, and 5 and with a total of 1,217 call options traded over a 3-day period. The index for price stability would be most valuable to investors for assessing future risk since only this index has a significant association with residual implied volatility, i.e., those unexplained by historical volatility.