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101.
This study experimentally examines the impact of implementing Statement on Auditing Standard (SAS) No. 99, Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit and the financial statement and internal control certification requirement by key corporate officers under the Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX). The study investigates the prediction that the new regulations affect jurors’ assessment of guilt for failing to discover fraud, and also whether the regulations affect jurors’ perceptions of the appropriateness of auditors’ actions regarding fraud detection and of auditors’ and officers’ responsibility for the fraudulent financial statements. The study tests whether these perceptions mediate the association between the regulations and mock jurors’ guilt assessments. Results show that jurors assess auditors as less guilty under SAS No. 99 and in the presence of the officer certification requirement. SAS No. 99 decreases guilt assessments indirectly through jurors’ perception that auditors acted more appropriately under the new standard. Although jurors did view auditors as more responsible under SAS No. 99, their responsibility perceptions had no effect on guilt assessments. An additional finding is that the officer certification requirement has an indirect effect on guilt assessments via jurors’ perceptions of the officers’ responsibility for the fraudulent financial statements. 相似文献
102.
This paper examines whether the clarity of central bank communication about inflation varies with the economic environment. Using readability statistics and content analysis, we study the clarity of communication on the inflation outlook by seven central banks across three continents during the recent decade. We uncover significant and persistent differences in clarity over time and across countries. However, identifying determinants of clarity that are robustly relevant across our sample of central banks proves elusive. Overall, our findings suggest that a single model for clarity of central bank communication is not appropriate. Rather, when studying clarity of communication, country-specific and institution-specific factors are highly relevant. 相似文献
103.
Anecdotal evidence suggests that service guarantees and requests by service workers to complain encourage customers to voice following failure, while holding negative word of mouth and exit at bay. However, empirical support for these tactics is limited. To address this deficiency, we conducted an experiment examining the influence of these devices on customer complaint behavior (CCB) across restaurant failures of varying severity. Findings suggest that offering a guarantee, regardless of it being unconditional or combined, encourages voice. Failure severity had the strongest influence on CCB, and it interacted with both active request and guarantee type in influencing exit. Theoretical and managerial implications of the findings are discussed. 相似文献
104.
Peter Trkman Andrej Kovačič Aleš Popovič 《Business & Information Systems Engineering》2011,3(4):211-220
The paper argues that attitudes to SOA follow a typical hype cycle from Technological Trigger, Peak of Inflated Expectations,
and a Trough of Disillusionment to the more recent realization that SOA is a concept that may offer certain benefits but has
several limitations. The main research question studies how the attitude to SOA changes in various phases of the hype cycle,
how the SOA implementation cycle and an increase in business process maturity (BPMa) are interconnected and which factors
influence the transition between the hype cycle phases. The paper shows that an organization’s success with implementing SOA
depends on its ability to match the SOA implementation with an increase in BPMa. The dual purpose of implementing SOA is shown
in the first framework: to assure the coherence of IT assets and to assure business/IT alignment. In the second framework,
the interconnection of SOA and BPMa and its role in transiting through the hype cycle phases is outlined. The findings are
analyzed using a longitudinal case study of a large Slovenian company. 相似文献
105.
Tomáš Havránek 《Review of World Economics》2010,146(2):241-261
This paper presents an updated meta-analysis of the effect of currency unions on trade, focusing on the euro area. Using meta-regression
methods such as the funnel asymmetry test, evidence for strong publication bias is found. The estimated underlying effect
for currency unions other than the eurozone reaches more than 60%. However, according to the meta-regression analysis, the
euro’s trade promoting effect corrected for publication bias is insignificant. The Rose effect literature shows signs of the
economics research cycle: reported t-statistic is a quadratic concave function of the publication year. Explanatory meta-regression (robust fixed effects and
random effects), that can explain about 70% of the heterogeneity in the literature, suggests that results published by some
authors might consistently differ from the mainstream output and that study outcomes are systematically dependent on study
design (usage of panel data, short- or long-run nature, number of countries in the data set). 相似文献
106.
Financial frictions distort the allocation of resources among productive units—all else equal, firms whose financing choices are affected by such frictions face higher borrowing costs than firms with ready access to capital markets. As a result, input choices may differ systematically across firms in ways that are unrelated to their productive efficiency. We propose an accounting framework that allows us to assess empirically the magnitude of the loss in aggregate resources due to such misallocation. To a second-order approximation, the framework requires only information on the dispersion in borrowing costs across firms, which we measure—for a subset of U.S. manufacturing firms—directly from the interest rate spreads on their outstanding publicly-traded debt. Given the observed dispersion in borrowing costs, our approximation method implies a relatively modest loss in efficiency due to resource misallocation—on the order of 1 to 2 percent of measured total factor productivity (TFP). In our framework, the correlation between firm size and borrowing costs has no bearing on TFP losses under the assumption that financial distortions and firm-level efficiency are jointly log-normally distributed. To take into account the effect of covariation between firm size and borrowing costs, we consider a more general framework, which dispenses with the assumption of log-normality and which implies somewhat higher estimates of the resource losses—about 3.5 percent of measured TFP. Counterfactual experiments indicate that dispersion in borrowing costs must be an order of magnitude higher than that observed in the U.S. financial data, in order for misallocation—arising from financial distortions—to account for a significant fraction of measured TFP differentials across countries. 相似文献
107.
Andrej Škraba Miroljub Kljajić Mirjana Kljajić Borštnar 《Group Decision and Negotiation》2007,16(1):77-95
The research project addresses the influence of feedback information on the decision process supported by the application
of system dynamics models. A user-friendly application was developed and used in the experiment with decision groups. The
participants were 174 undergraduate management science students. They had the task of determining the optimum business strategy
by maximizing the multiple criteria function under three experimental conditions: a
1) an indivIDual decision process without the support of a system dynamics model, a
2) an indivIDual decision process supported by a system dynamics model, and a
3) a decision process supported by a system dynamics model and subject interaction via computer mediation. The hypotheses that
the indivIDual decision process supported by a system dynamics model yields higher Criteria Function values than one without
a system dynamics model, as well as the decision process supported by both a system dynamics model and subject interaction
yields higher Criteria Function values than one supported by a system dynamics model alone were confirmed. 相似文献
108.
Zusammenfassung Eine Datensammlung über den internationalen Waffenhandel der bedeutenden westlichen Industrie- und Entwicklungsl?nder im Jahre
1980: Quellen und methodische Fragen. — Dieser Aufsatz liefert eine Sammlung von Daten über den internationalen Waffenhandel
nach Herkunfts- und Bestimmungsl?ndern (-regionen) für die bedeutenden westlichen Industrie- und Entwicklungsl?nder im Jahre
1980. Die Sammlung enth?lt Sch?tzungen über die Aufteilung des internationalen Waffenhandels nach den vier Sektoren: Kriegsschiffe,
Milit?rflugzeuge, milit?rische Nachrichtenausrüstungen und milit?rische Güter. Sie ist st?rker disaggregiert als die Quellen,
die zur Zeit verfügbar sind, und enth?lt, wo immer m?glich, Sch?tzungen des Umfanges und der Richtung von Waffenlieferungen.
Résumé Quelques données sur le commerce international d’armes des principaux pays industriels de l’ouest et des pays en voie de développement en 1980: sources et méthodes. — L’intention de l’étude est de représenter des données sur le commerce international d’armes par pays/région d’origine et de destination parmi les principaux pays industriels de l’ouest et les pays en voie de développement en 1980. Les données contiennent des estimations de la répartition du commerce militaire en quatre secteurs: les navires de guerre, les avions de combat, l’équipement de communication militaire et les biens militaires. Les données sont plus désagrégées que celles qui sont disponibles jusqu’à présent et contiennent, s’il est possible, des estimations du volume et de la direction du commerce international d’armes.
Resumen Datos sobre el comercio international de armas de los países occidentales industrializados y en desarrollo más importantes para 1980: fuentes y problemas metodológicos. — El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es presentar datos sobre el comercio internacional de armas según países/regiones de origen y destinatarios correspondientes a los países occidentales industrializados y en desarrollo más importantes para 1980. Estos datos incluyen estimaciones de cuatro sectores de comercio: buques miliares aviones militares, equipo de comunicaciones militares y bienes militares. Nuestros datos son más desagregados que los datos actualmente disponibles de otras fuentes e incluyen, siempre que haya sido posible, estimaciones de la magnitud y directión de los flujos comerciales de armas.相似文献
109.
Continued decline for ethnic minorities in the transition? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lisa Giddings 《Economics of Transition》2003,11(4):621-648
Using three Bulgarian cross‐sectional household surveys from 1986, 1993 and 1997, this essay shows that the mean log wage differential between ethnic Bulgarians and Turks increased from 0.1615 in 1986 to 0.2874 in 1993 and again to 0.4075 by 1997. Bulgarian gains over ethnic Turks in the early transition are related to both changes in the relative returns to skill and changes in the composition of demand for goods and services as the country moved toward a market economy. The Turks began the transition with fewer years of education than the Bulgarians, and began to close the education gap over this time. The Bulgarians, however, were more likely to have obtained more general secondary and university degrees than the ethnic Turks – degrees that, in contrast to technical or vocational degrees, are experiencing increased remuneration in the transition. With more of an asset that has become more valuable, the ethnic Bulgarians improved their relative position. 相似文献
110.
Lisa Cameron 《Asian-Pacific economic literature》2002,16(2):1-17
This paper surveys articles that have examined and sought to explain the distributional change experienced in Indonesia during the past 30 years of rapid economic development. The literature is critically evaluated, and methodological difficulties and current data limitations are highlighted and point the way for advances in future research. 相似文献