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111.
112.
Summary. In this paper we re-examine generic constrained suboptimality of equilibrium allocations with incomplete numeraire asset
markets. We provide a general framework which is capable of resolving some issues left open by the previous literature, and
encompasses many kinds of intervention in partially controlled market economies. In particular, we establish generic constrained
suboptimality, as studied by Geanakoplos and Polemarchakis, even without an upper bound on the number of households. Moreover,
we consider the case where asset markets are left open, and the planner can make lump-sum transfers in a limited number of
goods. We show that such a perfectly anticipated wealth redistribution policy, though consistent with the assumed incomplete
financial structure, is typically effective.
Received: August 14, 1995; revised version: April 11, 1997 相似文献
113.
Summary. In this paper we develop a differential technique for investigating the welfare effects of financial innovation in incomplete
markets. Utilizing this technique, and after parametrizing the standard competitive, pure-exchange economy by both endowments
and utility functions, we establish the following (weakly) generic property: Let S be the number of states, I be the number of assets and H be the number of households, and consider a particular financial equilibrium. Then, provided that the degree of market incompleteness
is sufficiently larger than the extent of household heterogeneity, S−I≥2H−1 [resp. S−I≥H+1], there is an open set of single assets [resp. pairs of assets] whose introduction can make every household better off
(and, symmetrically, an open set of single assets [resp. pairs of assets] whose introduction can make them all worse off ).
We also devise a very simple nonparametric procedure for reducing extensive household heterogeneity to manageable size, a
procedure which not only makes our restrictions on market incompleteness more palatable, but could also prove to be quite
useful in other applications involving smooth analysis.
Received: August 14, 1995; revised version: April 14, 1997 相似文献
114.
MARGINAL COMMODITY TAX REFORMS: A SURVEY 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alessandro Santoro 《Journal of economic surveys》2007,21(4):827-848
Abstract. As noted 30 years ago by Martin Feldstein, optimal taxes may be useless for practical purposes and emphasis should instead be placed on the possibility of enhancing welfare by reforming existing tax rates. In this perspective, marginal commodity tax reforms are gaining increasing attention due to political and economic constraints on large reforms of direct (or indirect) taxation. In this paper, we summarize the main features and results of the literature on marginal commodity tax reforms pioneered by Ahmad and Stern, further developed by Yitzhaki and Thirsk and recently reinterpreted by Makdissi and Wodon. We establish new links to other fields of research, namely the literature on the use of equivalence scales and on poverty measurement. We also critically examine some issues associated with the implementation of marginal tax reforms with special reference to the calculation of welfare weights and revenue effects. Finally, we suggest directions for future research on poverty-reducing commodity tax reforms. 相似文献
115.
Alessandro Gerosa 《Consumption Markets & Culture》2021,24(1):30-53
ABSTRACT Cultural omnivorousness has gained relevance as a suitable theory to explain contemporary patterns of consumption, but the actual dealing of omnivorous taste by economic actors and businesses has been mostly overlooked. Through ethnographic research, this article explores how Italian gourmet food truck operators concretely produce claims of authenticity for omnivorous seekers. First, the adoption of the perspective of food truck operators highlights the reflexive and market-bounded nature of the omnivorous taste reproduction. Moreover, “being authentic” becomes an imperative for tastemakers, imposed by the economic imaginary. Finally, the centrality of regionalism in the Italian production of authenticity suggests that localism, too, has been subsumed by global food imaginaries and that regionalism expresses a cosmopolitan attitude. Taken together, these findings allow the integration of existing theory of food cultural omnivorousness: “gourmet” food must be authentic to be recognised by omnivores and distinctive to be successful on markets. 相似文献
116.
Alessandro Fiori Maccioni 《Decisions in Economics and Finance》2018,41(2):203-218
This paper analyses economic dynamics in a context in which the production and consumption choices of economic agents generate environmental degradation. Agents can defend themselves from environmental degradation by increasing the production and consumption of output, which is assumed to be a (perfect) substitute for environmental quality. We consider the cases in which agents can coordinate their actions or not, and we show that if the dynamics is conditioned by negative externalities (so that there is no coordination), then a self-reinforcing mechanism may occur leading to production and consumption levels higher than the socially optimal ones. A complete analysis of the dynamics and of the welfare properties of the stationary states is provided. 相似文献
117.
Rafaela Gjergji Luigi Vena Salvatore Sciascia Alessandro Cortesi 《Business Strategy and the Environment》2021,30(1):683-693
Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure has become a critical component of corporate reporting. However, the effectiveness of this type of disclosure remains poorly explored among small and medium enterprises (SMEs), despite the fact that these businesses represent the majority of firms around the world. By leveraging on a dataset of Italian listed SMEs, we fill this gap to shed new light on the effects of nonfinancial disclosure on the cost of capital. The study reveals that, in stark contrast with the evidence on large companies, environmental disclosure for SMEs is bound to provoke an increase in the cost of capital. Yet this pattern is capsized when the company is a family SME, as it benefits from environmental disclosure, as large companies do. 相似文献
118.
Alessandro Arrighetti Fabio Landini Andrea Lasagni 《Scottish journal of political economy》2021,68(3):322-344
Economic downturns significantly impact on industry and firm dynamics. During a slowdown, increased competitive pressure makes less efficient firms more likely to exit (the cleansing hypothesis). However, evidence on Italian manufacturing firms during the Great Recession contrasts with this view. In fact, a not negligible subset of firms grew considerably during the crisis, increasing intra-industry heterogeneity. In this paper, we study these swimming upstream firms (SUFs) and we obtain two results. First, SUFs exhibit a high capability accumulation profile (innovation, intangibles investments and internationalization). Second, the impact of endogenous capability accumulation does not vanish after controlling for exogenous factors. 相似文献
119.
Marco Da Rin Marina Di Giacomo Alessandro Sembenelli 《Review of International Economics》2019,27(1):313-346
We use a novel firm‐level dataset to test whether trust affects the volume and the ownership structure FDI across Europe. Our methodology deals with the endogeneity of trust from the investor to the recipient country. We expect such a trust measure to affect investment decisions, and the associated knowledge capital, differently across types of foreign investors. In particular, this effect is expected to be stronger for industrial investors who possess transferable knowledge capital. The data confirm our predictions. Higher trust increases the number and volume of FDIs, but also the probability of co‐investing with a partner from the recipient country. 相似文献
120.
Guglielmo Maria Caporale Alessandro Girardi Paolo Paesani 《The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance》2012,52(2):173-182
Using high-frequency transaction data for the three largest European markets (France, Germany and Italy), this paper documents the existence of an asymmetric relationship between market liquidity and trading imbalances: when quoted spreads rise (fall) and liquidity falls (increases) buy (sell) orders tend to prevail. Risk-averse market-makers, with inventory-depletion risk being their main concern, tend to quote wider (narrower) spreads when they think bond appreciation is more (less) likely to occur. It is also found that the probability of being in a specific regime is related to observable bond market characteristics, stock market volatility, macroeconomic releases and liquidity management operations of the monetary authorities. 相似文献