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101.
Introduction to design and analysis of production systems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ronald G. Askin Alexandre Dolgui Jean-Marie Proth 《International Journal of Production Economics》2009,120(2):271-285
In a two-party VMI channel, the vendor operates the basic stocking and delivery functions and makes inventory replenishment decisions while the retailer is responsible for customer acquisition and in-store services. This paper focuses on such retail channel and proposes an analytical model for the partners in supply channel to determine the inventory policy with the objective of optimizing system net profit. The model explicitly incorporates issues from both the vendor and the retailer in order to derive a policy for mutual benefits. To illustrate and obtain insights from the proposed solution procedure, we devise a set of numerical analyses based on various scenarios. Factors such as shelf-space-dependent demand, shelf-space capacity, demand pattern, logistics characteristics, and disparity between holding costs of the warehouse and the retail store are also investigated. 相似文献
102.
Dimensions of service quality and satisfaction in healthcare: a patient’s satisfaction index 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The assessment of patients’ satisfaction levels, and the knowledge of what factors influence satisfaction are very important
for healthcare managers as it influences healthcare results and healthcare institutions financial results. The objective of
this research is to analyse patients’ satisfaction levels in a set of four Portuguese primary Healthcare Centres, through
the estimation of a satisfaction index, which simultaneously explains which dimensions of healthcare quality influence that
satisfaction the most. For that, a conceptual model of patients’ satisfaction in primary healthcare was tested using data
from a sample of 414 patients. Partial Least Squares path modelling (PLS) was the technique chosen to evaluate the proposed
model. The results show that patients’ satisfaction is 60.887 in a scale from 1 to 100, revealing only a medium level of satisfaction.
It is also possible to conclude that the most important positive effects on satisfaction are the ones linked to the patient/doctor
relationship, the quality of facilities and the interaction with administrative staff, by this order. 相似文献
103.
Characteristics of Ethical Business Cultures 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Alexandre Ardichvili James A. Mitchell Douglas Jondle 《Journal of Business Ethics》2009,85(4):445-451
The purpose of this study was to identify general characteristics attributed to ethical business cultures by executives from
a variety of industries. Our research identified five clusters of characteristics: Mission- and Values-Driven, Stakeholder
Balance, Leadership Effectiveness, Process Integrity, and Long-term Perspective. We propose that these characteristics be
used as a foundation of a comprehensive model that can be engaged to influence operational practices in creating and sustaining
an ethical business culture. 相似文献
104.
The ability to quantify tradeoffs involved in the process of reducing harmful emissions is essential to successful policy-making in the environmental planning area. The approach by Färe et al. (J Econom 126: 469–492, 2005) to computing point estimates of the marginal abatement costs (MACs) of reducing pollution by estimating the directional output distance function has been gaining popularity in recent years. The contribution of this study is to compute MACs as slopes of the iterated parametric production possibilities frontier (PPF) estimated on the basis of the set of efficient projections of observable output combinations obtained from the parameters of directional output distance function. Policy makers are thus provided with the general shape of the production possibilities set for a polluting technology rather than with a set of point estimates of the MACs. We apply our methodology to a balanced panel of seven Korean manufacturing sectors spanning the period between 1999 and 2009, obtaining theoretically consistent concave PPFs based on a large set of directional output distance vectors. Finally, we estimate the parameters of a directional output distance function corresponding to the iterated PPF. 相似文献
105.
Alexandre Ernesto da Costa Antnio Antonio Rodriguez‐Gil 《Review of Development Economics》2020,24(1):209-237
The aim of this article is to examine procyclicality in Angola, assess whether it behaves asymmetrically over the oil cycle, and test the hypothesis that institutions and fiscal rules can moderate procyclicality. Received wisdom suggests that in resource‐rich economies, fiscal policy tends to be procyclical albeit improvements in the past decades due to institutional reforms. Similar evidence is available for oil‐rich economies; however, we know little about how procyclicality behaves over the oil cycle; that is, whether spending (and revenue) grows faster during oil‐market booms, than during downturns. Further, evidence on institutions and fiscal rules in oil‐exporting economies is still ambiguous. We bridge both gaps by examining fiscal policy procyclicality in Angola, one of the largest oil‐producers in Africa, and a country that has experienced an intense process of institutional reforms since 2002. Therefore, it is an ideal candidate for our study. We use data for the 2004–2014 period to estimate a threshold vector error correction model that extends vector autoregressive and vector correction methods used up to date. Our results indicate that revenue and spending are generally procyclical to oil shocks, that revenue is more procyclical during booms, and that institutional quality, net inflows, financial openness, and fiscal rules affect procyclicality. 相似文献
106.
Active portfolio management often involves the objective of selecting a portfolio with minimum tracking error variance (TEV) for some expected gain in return over a benchmark. However, Roll (1992) shows that such portfolios are generally suboptimal because they do not belong to the mean-variance frontier and are thus overly risky. Our paper proposes an appealing method to lessen this suboptimality that involves the objective of selecting a portfolio from the set of portfolios that have minimum TEV for various levels of ex-ante alpha, which we refer to as the alpha-TEV frontier. Since practitioners commonly use ex-post alpha to assess the performance of managers, the use of this frontier aligns the objectives of managers with how their performance is evaluated. Furthermore, sensible choices of ex-ante alpha lead to the selection of portfolios that are less risky (in variance terms) than the portfolios that active managers would otherwise select. 相似文献
107.
Alexandre Lamfalussy 《The World Economy》2001,24(10):1287-1294
108.
Alexandre Jacquillat Stephen Zoepf 《International Journal of Sustainable Transportation》2018,12(2):75-91
Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) can reduce gasoline consumption, but increase vehicle acquisition costs and introduce operational constraints. We develop a comprehensive approach to EV/PHEV deployment and utilization in round-trip carsharing systems. First, we formulate and solve the tactical problem of utilizing a mix of gasoline vehicles and EVs/PHEVs to serve trip demand, using Mixed Integer Programming optimization to estimate the minimal gasoline consumption in a computationally efficient manner, and simulation to assess the effect of reservation order on realized gasoline consumption. Second, we use these results to inform the strategic deployment of EVs/PHEVs in the carsharing fleet, using meta-optimization. We implement our approach using data from a large carsharing provider. From the perspective of a carsharing operator, our results suggest that replacing some portion of existing gasoline fleets by EVs/PHEVs would result in gasoline savings likely to outweigh upfront investments and the constraints on vehicle utilization that it creates. Moreover, we find that easily implementable heuristics can capture some of these benefits, and that the integration of vehicle utilization patterns into the design of EV/PHEV deployment strategies can result in added benefits. 相似文献
109.
Alexandre C. Assemien 《Economics of Planning》1990,23(1):21-35
The paper considers some theoretical implications of the Oslo-Cairo intertemporal planning model (the channel model). A version of the channel model with private and public investment projects is developed. The optimality properties of the model are derived. It is shown that: (i) Pareto solution can be supported by competitive prices and (ii) a ranking criterion can be constructed in the spirit of cost-and-benefit analysis. The results brings the channel model theoretically in line with the classical resource allocation models.This paper is a revised and abridged version of Chapter Two of my doctoral dissertation at the University of Kansas. I wish to thank Professor Mohamed El-Hodiri, Chairman of my thesis committee, for his guidance and support and for introducing me to the theory of optimal control with delays. I would also like to thank Professors Van Vleck, Paul Comolli, David Burress and Tom Weiss for their helpful suggestions. The paper has benefited substantially from the comments provided by anonymous referees. I remain responsible for all errors and inaccuracies. 相似文献
110.
Mário Alexandre Patrício Martins da Silva 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(2):139-160
We present a unified graphical framework accounting for the nature and impact of spillover effects. The dynamics of the learning process with a specific spillover transfer mechanism can be illustrated by referring to this four-quadrant picture. In particular, a whole cycle of technological learning is explained with the help of such a graphical representation of the basic learning process in the presence of knowledge spillovers. We hypothesize two different functional specifications of spillover exchanges among firms within a local innovation system. Each conceivable shape for the knowledge transfer relationship among firms expresses a possible mode and intensity of information processing arising from technology spillovers. A general proposition regarding the relative efficiency of the two alternative formal models with spillover effects is derived. The basic models with spillover effects are then extended in several relevant directions. 相似文献