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611.
612.
Robert T. Deacon Charles D. Kolstad Allen V. Kneese David S. Brookshire David Scrogin Anthony C. Fisher Michael Ward Kerry Smith James Wilen 《Environmental and Resource Economics》1998,11(3-4):383-397
The research questions and topics most likely to emerge in the near term future are assessed. A common theme is that policy
issues will be an important driving force, as has generally been true in the past. More specifically, future theoretical advances
are expected to occur in the treatment of uncertainty, the incorporation of stock service flows into natural resource analysis,
and the incorporation of institutional considerations into models of resource exploitation. Research on valuation is expected
to remain vigorous, primarily in the testing of basic assumptions and reconciliation of existing inconsistencies. Opportunities
in renewable resource economics center on the incorporation of richer behavioral and technological detail in the general frameworks
that already exist. A better understanding of what drives technology, and how environmental agreements can be negotiated and
enforced among sovereign nations, are two topics likely to shape future research on global externalities. Finally, questions
related to spatial aspects of natural resource use, and matters of land use more generally, seem likely to emerge as important
topics on the profession's future research agenda. 相似文献
613.
The findings of this survey indicate that in fostering international transfer of technology much can be done to influence the development of inter-personal and inter-organizational contacts. This is not in itself a complete answer to international technology transfer, but this study suggests that it is an important, though much neglected area, which should be a central concern in science policy. A survey was conducted in 1970 and 1971 of the communication patterns of more than 1,200 research and development scientists and engineers working in Ireland. Techniques previously used in studying individual firms were adapted to suit the conditions within the country. 相似文献
614.
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616.
Christopher Allen & Peter Gooday 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》1998,42(1):35-50
Assessments of the economic, environmental and social consequences of mining have usually produced an estimate of the commercial benefits that mining in the area would generate, with environmental costs being examined in physical terms only. A theoretical framework for calculating the threshold environmental value of an area (the minimum size of the environmental cost of mining required to make conservation the socially optimal choice) is developed, where both the potential mining benefits and the rate of biological regrowth following mine rehabilitation are known. Including the rate of biological regrowth allows for the calculation of a more meaningful figure, as the benefits generated by rehabilitation are explicitly considered. 相似文献
617.
618.
Financial risk modelling frequently uses the assumption of a normal distribution when considering the return series which is inefficient if the data is not normally distributed or if it exhibits extreme tails. Estimation of tail dependence between financial assets plays a vital role in various aspects of financial risk modelling including portfolio theory and hedging amongst applications. Extreme Value Theory (EVT) provides well established methods for considering univariate and multivariate tail distributions which are useful for forecasting financial risk or modelling the tail dependence of risky assets. The empirical analysis in this article uses nonparametric measures based on bivariate EVT to investigate asymptotic dependence and estimate the degree of tail dependence of the ASX-All Ordinaries daily returns with four other international markets, viz., the S&P-500, Nikkei-225, DAX-30 and Heng-Seng for both extreme right and left tails of the return distribution. It is investigated whether the asymptotic dependence between these markets is related to the heteroscedasticity present in the logarithmic return series using GARCH filters. The empirical evidence shows that the asymptotic extreme tail dependence between stock markets does not necessarily exist and rather can be associated with the heteroscedasticity present in the financial time series of the various stock markets. 相似文献
619.
The demand for rental housing using the Annual Housing Survey SMSA sample for 1977 is estimated. The principal determinants of rental housing demand, namely housing price and permanent/transitory income, are computed through spatially varying hedonic price techniques and instrumental variables methods (relating to human and nonhuman capital), respectively. Based on the demand estimation results, impacts of hypothetical cash and rent subsidy programs are analyzed in terms of “housing” and “welfare” effects. It is found that a rent subsidy achieves considerably larger effects than does a cash subsidy. 相似文献
620.