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41.
We show the existence of a Riemannian metric on the equilibrium manifold such that a minimal geodesic connecting two (sufficiently close) regular equilibria intersects the set of critical equilibria in a finite number of points. This metric represents a solution to the following problem: given two (sufficiently close) regular equilibria, find the shortest path connecting them which encounters the set of critical equilibria in a finite number of points. Furthermore, this metric can be constructed in such a way to agree, outside an arbitrary small neighborhood of the set of critical equilibria, to any given metric with economic meaning. 相似文献
42.
In a smooth pure exchange economy with fixed total resources we investigate whether the smooth selection property holds when endowments are redistributed across consumers through a continuous (non-local) redistribution policy. We show that if the policy is regular then there exists a unique continuous path of equilibrium prices which support it. 相似文献
43.
Andrea Chiarini 《Business Strategy and the Environment》2021,30(7):3194-3207
This research contributes to the debate about the relevance of Industry 4.0 technologies in improving environmental performance in the manufacturing industry. We employed a qualitative–quantitative approach in which 19 Italian operations managers were interviewed and 260 managers responded to an online questionnaire. The effects of various technologies were ranked using ordinal regression. Comments and suggestions gave context to the quantitative results. Sensors, radio-frequency identification, artificial intelligence and analytics were found to be most relevant in improving environmental performance, whereas simulation software contributed moderately. Additive manufacturing, cobots, robots, automated mobile robots and automated guided vehicles had a negative effect, augmented reality had no effect and other technologies indirectly affected environmental performance. We also found a lack of knowledge and application as well as scepticism about technologies such as artificial intelligence and augmented reality. Finally, there was concern about the disposal of electrical and electronic waste produced by these technologies. 相似文献
44.
45.
The purpose of this paper is the empirical investigation of the status quo of green supply chain management in the German automotive industry from a practitioner's point of view. Several aspects of green supply chain management, such as the point of time of implementation, the driving forces, the relevance of intended goals and their particular realization and the adoption of eco‐programs with suppliers and customers as well as internal and external barriers are analyzed. Furthermore, the link to different performance criteria is tested by inductive statistics in order to show the potential of green supply chain management for competitiveness. For this study, managers from the automotive supply industry in Germany were asked about their estimations in this regard. The main conclusion is that managers express the need for green supply chain management on the one hand but also see corresponding problems in terms of required resources on the other hand. Furthermore, the analyses show that green supply chain management leads to higher performance in terms of several performance criteria. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. 相似文献
46.
Previous studies on the environmental practices of small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in the UK and beyond have portrayed owner‐managers as laggards who underplay their firm's environmental impacts and resist environmental management due to its perceived cost. Yet a recent cross‐sector survey of 220 UK SMEs suggests that this intransigent stance may be slowly changing. Responses indicate a high percentage of owner‐managers actively involved in recycling, energy efficiency, responsible buying and selling, and efforts to reduce their carbon emissions. Owner‐managers saw it as their responsibility to help solve environmental problems and were reportedly willing to accept the costs of tougher environmental regulations and taxation. Business owners were motivated not just by the ‘push’ of legislation and environmental concern but by the ‘pull’ of potential cost savings, new customers, higher staff retention and good publicity for their firms. The survey also found that owner‐managers had resonance with the Stern Review's (2006) conclusions that the benefits of strong early action on climate change outweigh the costs, and that a transition to a low‐carbon economy will bring opportunities for business growth. This indicates that SMEs may be coming round to the idea that there is a business case for sustainability, although there is still some scepticism on the overall profitability of environmental action. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. 相似文献
47.
48.
Nauzer J. Balsara Lin Zheng Andrea Vidozzi Luca Vidozzi 《Journal of Economics and Finance》2006,30(3):407-422
We show that information diffusion is a function of its dissemination and assimilation. Whereas dissemniation is a function
of observable factors such as volume and price volatility, assimilation is dependent on unobservable factors such as the usefulness
and reliability of information. We find that buying low volume (or low volatility) past losers and shortselling low volume
(or low volatility) past winners generates a positive net return across the entire sample period and especially during bear
markets. Second, buying high volatility past winners and shortselling high volatility past losers generates a positive net
return, especially during bear markets. 相似文献
49.
Testing measurement invariance using multigroup CFA: differences between educational groups in human values measurement 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Holger Steinmetz Peter Schmidt Andrea Tina-Booh Siegrid Wieczorek Shalom H. Schwartz 《Quality and Quantity》2009,43(4):599-616
This article applies the testing procedures for measurement invariance using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA).
It illustrates these procedures by investigating the factorial structure and invariance of the Portraits Value Questionnaire
(PVQ, Schwartz et al.: J. Cross Cult. Psychol. 32(5), 519–542 (2001)) across three education groups in a population sample (N = 1,677). The PVQ measures 10 basic values that Schwartz postulates to comprehensively describe the human values recognized
in all societies (achievement, hedonism, self-direction, benevolence, conformity, security, stimulation, power, tradition
and universalism). We also estimate and compare the latent means of the three education groups. The analyses show partial
invariance for most of the 10 values and parameters. As expected, the latent means show that less educated respondents attribute
more importance to security, tradition, and conformity values. 相似文献
50.
Giovanni Andrea Cornia Stefano Rosignoli Luca Tiberti 《Oxford Development Studies》2013,41(4):476-492
We estimate an aggregate model of child mortality on a panel of 40 African countries over the period 1995–2007. This model is then used to assess the impact of the 2008–2009 food and financial crises on child mortality, by comparing the number of child deaths computed under a “business-as-usual scenario” with those computed under the actual 2008–2009 “crisis scenario”. According to the simulation results, the 2008–2009 food price rise and recession caused a statistically non-significant additional 27,000 child deaths. However, if the 2008–2009 changes in other determinants of child mortality are factored in, the number of child deaths declined by 15,000. This unexpected result is explained by the fact that the effects of the rise in domestic food prices and the recession were offset in most of the region by the protective effect on the under-five mortality rate of a surge in food production, and by a rise in public expenditure on and foreign aid to the health sector. 相似文献