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排序方式: 共有995条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
931.
Anna Lo Prete 《Economic Systems》2013,37(3):449-461
This paper studies the effect of labor market institutions on within- and cross-country risk sharing, using a model of international trade in risky assets modified to include a subset of agents, labor-owners who do not access financial markets, and employment security provisions. Labor market, institutions, by promoting within-country risk-shifting arrangements between agents with or without, access to financial markets, reduce the fluctuations of non-tradable labor incomes and amplify the, fluctuations of capital incomes. Capital flows become more volatile across countries, and if the, configuration of labor markets differs across countries, capital-owners bear the burden of systematic, undiversifiable world aggregate uncertainty. 相似文献
932.
933.
Anna Vári 《Quality and Quantity》1991,25(1):1-17
Problem formulation is the most critical phase of the decision making process. This, particularly in the case of high level
multi-stakeholder problems, is not trivial, as the problems do not come “neatly packaged”.
The procedure presented in this paper aims to support (i) the exploration of the stakeholders' mental constructs, and (ii)
the generation, comparison and synthesis of alternative problem formulations. The suggested procedure — while using the decision
analytic approach of the traditional text analysis procedures, follows an inverse, bottom-up direction of analysis: first
the individual arguments inherent in the text are explored, then taking them as a starting point, the structures behind the
arguments are identified. 相似文献
934.
This study focuses on “network effects” in the utilization of publicly-funded prenatal care using Vital Statistics data from California for 1989-2000. Networks are defined using 5-digit zip codes and a woman's racial or ethnic group. Like others, we find evidence that the use of public programs is highly correlated within groups defined using race/ethnicity and neighborhoods. These correlations persist even when we control for many unobserved characteristics by including zip code-year fixed effects, and when we focus on the interaction between own group behavior and measures of the potential for contacts with other members of the group (“contact availability”). However, the richness of our data allows us to go further and to conduct several tests of one important hypothesis about networks: that the estimated effects represent information sharing within groups. The results cast doubt on the idea that the observed correlations can be interpreted as evidence of information sharing. In particular, we find estimated effects to be as large or larger among women who have previously used the program as among first-time users. 相似文献
935.
936.
The acquisition of a partial stake in a target firm has been positively linked to the likelihood that the target will be involved in a follow on full acquisition involving either the original bidder or a third party bidder. Existing studies provide only suggestive evidence of this linkage by comparing the abnormal returns to partial targets that are ultimately acquired to those that are not. Using a sample of partial acquisitions, we identify characteristics that impact the probability of a full acquisition and provide a tangible link between partial target gains and the ex ante probability of acquisition. Partial targets experience positive announcement effects, and the gains are greater for subsequently acquired targets. Partial bids initiated by corporate bidders are more likely to result in a full acquisition, and the size of the acquired stake and the level of institutional ownership are positively linked to the probability of acquisition. Further, the partial target gains are positively linked to the ex ante probability of acquisition even after controlling for any increased monitoring and discipline that the partial bidder is expected to impose. The findings are robust across various time horizons and model specifications. 相似文献
937.
Given the global escalation in gaming availability, this paper proposes a service management framework for the study of competitive advantage in casino hotels. Using data collected from 303 employees at an Australian casino hotel, an exploratory case study in service climate and customer satisfaction is presented. The findings suggest that while service climate is highly correlated with customer satisfaction, internal dynamics result in significant differences in the perceptions of casino employees versus non-casino employees, highlighting the need to tailor organisational strategies to different types of employees. 相似文献
938.
Anna Lydaki 《Quality and Quantity》2012,46(1):291-301
This article begins with the assumption that the research and study of geographical, historical, socio-economic and cultural
factors of a local community are prerequisites for intervention or developmental policies. Based on the views of Descartes
and Hamann, it then goes on to look at the suitability of the methods, tools and techniques a researcher needs to use today
in order to get a complete picture. A positive approach of social phenomena claims that social structures decisively affect
an individual’s thought and action, and therefore focuses on the study of external factors. In contrast, an interpretative
approach aims at understanding the meanings and motives that govern an individual’s life and behavior. The author concludes
that research on both macro and micro levels are necessary for the understanding of social phenomena in a local society and
the use of methodological pluralism (both quantitative and qualitative methods) is necessary for effective research as it
takes into consideration the weight of history and allows the understanding of those factors which govern people’s lives and
determine their behavior and interaction. 相似文献
939.
J. R. C. Kuntz J. R. Kuntz Detelin Elenkov Anna Nabirukhina 《Journal of Business Ethics》2013,113(2):317-331
The primary purpose of this study was to explore the unique impact of individual differences (e.g. gender, managerial experience), social culture, ethical leadership, and ethical climate on the manner in which individuals analyse and interpret an organisational scenario. Furthermore, we sought to explore whether the manner in which a scenario is initially interpreted by respondents (i.e. as a legal issue, ethical issue, and/or ethical dilemma) influenced subsequent recognition of the relevant stakeholders involved and the identification of intra- and extra-organisational variables significant to the scenario depicted. Data for this study were anonymously collected from professional samples in Russia (Moscow region) and in New Zealand. Findings show a strong effect of social culture (i.e. working in New Zealand or working in Russia) on the manner in which respondents characterised the scenario, on the experience of ethical climate and ethical leadership in their organisations, and on the ability to identify intra- and extra-organisational variables responsible for the situation presented in the scenario, above and beyond other individual and contextual factors. 相似文献
940.
Gary Fooks Anna Gilmore Jeff Collin Chris Holden Kelley Lee 《Journal of Business Ethics》2013,112(2):283-299
Since scholarly interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR) has primarily focused on the synergies between social and economic performance, our understanding of how (and the conditions under which) companies use CSR to produce policy outcomes that work against public welfare has remained comparatively underdeveloped. In particular, little is known about how corporate decision-makers privately reconcile the conflicts between public and private interests, even though this is likely to be relevant to understanding the limitations of CSR as a means of aligning business activity with the broader public interest. This study addresses this issue using internal tobacco industry documents to explore British-American Tobacco’s (BAT) thinking on CSR and its effects on the company’s CSR Programme. The article presents a three-stage model of CSR development, based on Sykes and Matza’s theory of techniques of neutralization, which links together: how BAT managers made sense of the company’s declining political authority in the mid-1990s; how they subsequently justified the use of CSR as a tool of stakeholder management aimed at diffusing the political impact of public health advocates by breaking up political constituencies working towards evidence-based tobacco regulation; and how CSR works ideologically to shape stakeholders’ perceptions of the relative merits of competing approaches to tobacco control. Our analysis has three implications for research and practice. First, it underlines the importance of approaching corporate managers’ public comments on CSR critically and situating them in their economic, political and historical contexts. Second, it illustrates the importance of focusing on the political aims and effects of CSR. Third, by showing how CSR practices are used to stymie evidence-based government regulation, the article underlines the importance of highlighting and developing matrices to assess the negative social impacts of CSR. 相似文献