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81.
This paper shows that, despite the existing diversity of models of fiscal equalisation, there is a common underlying structure that links all of them. To this end, a framework of analysis sufficiently general so as to encompass the main schemes present in the literature is developed. This allows to uncover the common features of these schemes and to identify more readily the origin and nature of their differences. The formal approach is complemented with a numerical simulation of the models considered. The paper also shows the usefulness of the approach for reform policy and suggests two new models.JEL Classification:
H2, H7I would like to thank three anonymous referees for their helpful comments and suggestions to a previous draft of this article. 相似文献
82.
Antonio Scalia 《Journal of Empirical Finance》1998,5(4):361-384
We examine causality and efficiency in the Italian T-bond market, where cash trades take place on the domestic Mercato Telematico dei Titoli di Stato, while futures trading is based on the London International Financial Futures Exchange. We find evidence that causality in prices runs in both directions, and that the cash lead is almost comparable in size and extension to the futures lead. We then try to assess whether the cash market is weak-form efficient with respect to LIFFE prices. Using a simple trading rule with a variety of time and price filters, we conclude that the observed lead cannot be exploited to make a profit after transaction costs. 相似文献
83.
84.
85.
Antonio Miralles 《Journal of Economic Theory》2012,147(1):179-206
In allocating goods with no use of monetary transfers, random allocation mechanisms can be designed in order to elicit information on preference intensities. I study the nontransfer allocation of two ex-ante identical objects under Bayesian incentive compatibility, with symmetric agents and independent private valuations. I find the ex-ante utilitarian-optimal mechanism, in which the probability of receiving a specified object is used as “numeraire” to purchase probability units of the other object. I characterize this mechanism as an appropriate combination of lotteries, auctions and insurance. The latter element ensures that efficient auctions are feasible. If the problem is constrained to guarantee exactly one object per agent, then the optimal mechanism uses no information other than the agents? ordinal preferences. 相似文献
86.
This work presents the participation factor and the valuation of a first-generation structured product with European call options on the Eurostoxx, when the uncertainty of the yields is modeled through log-stable processes. The basic statistics of the index yields are also exposed, the α-stable parameters are estimated, and the valuation of the of the structured models is compared through the log-stable and log-Gaussian models using inputs from the bond markets; concluding that investors obtain higher yields than those of the bond market through both models, and that the differences of the yields depend on the participation factor and on the value of the index at the time of liquidation. 相似文献
87.
Silvana Ligia Vincenzi Bortolotti Rafael Tezza Dalton Francisco de Andrade Antonio Cezar Bornia Afonso Farias de Sousa Júnior 《Quality and Quantity》2013,47(4):2341-2360
The item response theory (IRT) also known as latent trait theory, is used for the development, evaluation and administration of standardized measurements; it is widely used in the areas of psychology and education. This theory was developed and expanded for over 50 years and has contributed to the development of measurement scales of latent traits. This paper presents the basic and fundamental concepts of this IRT and a practical example of the construction of scales is proposed to illustrate the feasibility, advantages and validity of IRT through a known measurement, the height. The results obtained with the practical application of IRT confirm its effectiveness in the evaluation of latent traits. 相似文献
88.
Salvador Gil‐Pareja Rafael Llorca‐Vivero Jos Antonio Martínez‐Serrano 《Review of International Economics》2007,15(2):302-312
This paper estimates the effect of the euro on intra‐EMU tourist flows by using a panel dataset of 20 OECD countries over the period 1995–2002. The results reveal that the euro has increased tourism, with an effect of around 6.5%. This is a noticeable impact given the early stage of the EMU analyzed. The robustness checks show that the evidence of a positive impact is quite widespread across EMU destination countries. 相似文献
89.
This paper develops a post-Keynesian dynamic model of capacityutilisation and growth, in which the supply of credit-moneyis endogenous and firms' debt position—and thus the financialfragility of the economy à la Hyman Minsky—is explicitlymodelled. The interest rate is set by banks as a markup overa base rate exogenously determined by the monetary authority.The banking markup varies with changes in capacity utilisation,while the debt ratio varies with changes in the rates of interest,capital accumulation and growth. Regarding dynamics, it is shownthe possibility of relating the stability properties of a systemwith the interest rate and the debt ratio as state variablesto the prevailing Minskyan regime—hedge, speculative orPonzi. 相似文献
90.
Antonio Mínguez-Vera 《International Review of Financial Analysis》2007,16(1):81-98
This paper analyzes the influence of ownership structure on firm value. We find a non-significant relationship between the ownership of large blockholders and firm value. We also find a positive effect of the degree of control with regard to firm value. Endogenous treatment of these variables then reveals a positive effect for the ownership by major shareholders on firm value, although the opposite relationship is not significant; and a positive effect of the degree of control on Tobin's Q and vice versa. A positive effect is seen when the major shareholders are individuals. 相似文献