Here we introduce a bivariate generalized hypergeometric factorial moment distribution (BGHFMD) through its probability generating
function (p.g.f.) whose marginal distributions are the generalized hypergeometric factorial moment distributions introduced
by Kemp and Kemp (Bull Int Stat Inst 43:336–338,1969). Well-known bivariate versions of distributions such as binomial, negative
binomial and Poisson are special cases of this distribution. A genesis of the distribution and explicit closed form expressions
for the probability mass function of the BGHFMD, its factorial moments and the p.g.f.’s of its conditional distributions are
derived here. Certain recurrence relations for probabilities, moments and factorial moments of the bivariate distribution
are also established. 相似文献
Purpose: The objectives of this study were to examine the antecedents and consequence of consumer attitudes toward local food and to segment these consumers using their food-related lifestyle (FRL) attributes. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior, we proposed three factors to impact attitude toward local food (health consciousness, concern for the environment, and concern for local economies) along with subjective norm and perceived behavioral control to influence intentions to purchase local food.
Methodology: Data were collected from 502 local food consumers measuring the following: antecedents and consequence of attitude toward local food; FRL; demographic information.
Findings: Health consciousness, concern for the environment, and concern for local economies were found to be significant predictors of attitude toward local food. Attitude toward local food and subjective norm, but not perceived behavioral control, were found to have a significant effect on intention to purchase local food. Further, segmenting based on their FRL yielded four types of consumers (Impromptu Novelty Explorer, Uninvolved Connoisseur, Involved Information Seeker, and Apathetic Local Food Consumer). An ANOVA provided a snapshot of several demographic and psychographic differences between segments. 相似文献
Since the early days of option pricing theory,the assumption that the dividends on the underlying stock or index over the
life of the contract are known has not been challenged. We examine the sensitivity of index option prices to the assumption
of dividend uncertainty. We consider a number of issues related to the forecasting of dividends and build a dividend forecasting
model that passes several rigorous tests for unbiasedness. We then generate option prices using contemporary market levels
and interest rates. We find that prices generated with the actual dividends are unbiased with respect to those generated using
the forecasted dividends. The magnitudes of the forecast errors, however, are sufficiently large to suggest a concern, but
the percentage errors are consistently small, typically amounting to less than two percent of the option price. We conclude
that the convenient assumption that the stream of future dividendsis known is probably innocuous.
This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
In this article we examine which farmers would be early entrants into weather‐index insurance markets in Ethiopia, were such markets to develop on a large scale. We do this by examining the determinants of willingness to pay for weather insurance among 1,400 Ethiopian households that have been tracked for 15 years as part of the Ethiopian Rural household Survey. This provides both historical and current information with which to assess the determinants of demand. We find that educated, wealthier individuals are more likely to purchase insurance. Risk aversion is associated with low insurance take‐up suggesting that models of technology adoption can inform the purchase and spread of weather index insurance. We also assess how willingness to pay varied as two key characteristics of the contract were varied and found that basis risk reduces demand for insurance particularly when the price of the contract is high, and that provision of insurance through groups is preferred by female headed households and individuals with lower levels of education. 相似文献
ABSTRACT This study examines the four commonly tested hypotheses in hydroelectricity consumption – economic growth literature for 12 Asian countries. Our results from a recently developed hidden cointegration technique uncover rich and significant relationships between negative and positive components of the variables under consideration. In particular, we find evidence to support the neutrality hypothesis in five countries (Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, and Thailand), the growth hypothesis in four countries (India, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan), and both growth and conservation hypotheses in three countries (China, Malaysia, and New Zealand). These findings suggest that appropriate economic policies should be elaborated on the basis of the country’s specific hydroelectricity consumption–growth nexus. Finally, our new evidence suggests that the lack of stable relationship between hydroelectricity consumption and economic growth documented in previous studies for some of these countries could be due to the failure to properly account for the nonlinearity property in the data. 相似文献
Zika virus is a mosquito-borne disease that spreads very quickly in different parts of the world. In this article, we proposed a system to prevent and control the spread of Zika virus disease using integration of Fog computing, cloud computing, mobile phones and the Internet of things (IoT)-based sensor devices. Fog computing is used as an intermediary layer between the cloud and end users to reduce the latency time and extra communication cost that is usually found high in cloud-based systems. A fuzzy k-nearest neighbour is used to diagnose the possibly infected users, and Google map web service is used to provide the geographic positioning system (GPS)-based risk assessment to prevent the outbreak. It is used to represent each Zika virus (ZikaV)-infected user, mosquito-dense sites and breeding sites on the Google map that help the government healthcare authorities to control such risk-prone areas effectively and efficiently. The proposed system is deployed on Amazon EC2 cloud to evaluate its performance and accuracy using data set for 2 million users. Our system provides high accuracy of 94.5% for initial diagnosis of different users according to their symptoms and appropriate GPS-based risk assessment. 相似文献
The fluctuations in the rate of returns of the Bombay stock exchange are analyzed through wavelet transform. The fluctuations, in various time scales, naturally separated by the wavelets, are subjected to statistical analysis. The localization and multiresolution properties of the wavelets enable one to identify collective behaviour in the stock market and the extent of their influence at various time scales. The Gaussian nature of the rate of returns at certain scales and the periodic nature of the same, at other scales, are clearly brought out by this analysis. The utility of this approach for modeling purpose is also elucidated.
Owing to the growing academic and practitioner’s interest in the field of Corporate Social Responsibility, there is a need
to do a comprehensive assessment and synthesis of research activities. This article addresses this need and examines the academic
literature on Corporate Social Responsibility and Performance using a paradigmatic and methodological lens. The objective
of this article is fourfold. First, it examines the status of CSR research from its beginning especially after 1970 to year
2008 in leading academic journals and reports to assess the focus areas of research on CSR so far. Second, it analyzes the
research paradigms adopted in these research articles using the Operations Research Paradigm framework. Third, it compares
and contrasts various kinds of research articles, methodologies, and research designs used in various researches in literature.
Finally, it uncovers the implications of this study and directions for future research. 相似文献