Correction to: Are two brands better than one? Investigating the effects of co-branding in advertising on audience memory

Marketing Letters - The article Are two brands better than one? Investigating the effects of co-branding in advertising on audience memory, written by Cathy Nguyen, Jenni Romaniuk, Margaret...     

State Income Taxes and Interstate Migration

This paper examines the comprehensive IRS data set of state-state migration flows for evidence that differences in state income tax rates are associated with migration patterns. Using annual data on moves between every pair of states, pooled time-series cross-section regressions indicate that in the 1992–2010 period states with higher top marginal income tax rates experienced relatively greater outmigration of taxpayers and gross income. To illustrate the magnitude of the tax effect, we estimate that by 2010 cumulative losses since the enactment of New Jersey’s 2004 “millionaires’ tax” were as much as 42,000 taxpayers and $6.9 billion in annual adjusted gross income. These results suggest that sustained, relatively high income tax rates could gradually erode a state’s population and revenue base.     

MACROECONOMIC POLICY AND ELECTIONS IN OECD DEMOCRACIES*

The purpose of this paper is to test for evidence of opportunistic “political business cycles” in a large sample of 18 OECD economies. Our results can be summarized as follows: 1) We find very little evidence of pre-electoral effects on economic outcomes, in particular, on GDP growth and unemployment; 2) We see some evidence of “political monetary cycles,” that is, expansionary monetary policy in election years; 3) We also observe indications of “political budget cycles,” or “loose” fiscal policy prior to elections; 4) Inflation exhibits a post-electoral jump, which could be explained by either the pre-electoral “loose” monetary and fiscal policies and/or by an opportunistic timing of increases in publicly controlled prices, or indirect taxes.     

Growth and distribution in Russia and China: A Social Accounting Matrix analysis

The paper reports on the multiplier analysis of comparable Social Accounting Matrices for Russia and China. The benchmark is around 1990, which constitutes a crucial year in their transition to more mixed market-state economies. Growth multipliers in China are found to be higher than in Russia, reflecting more intensive and balanced circular flow interactions. Distribution multipliers are less regressive in China than in Russia, which reflect stronger trickle-down effects and weaker leakage-up effects in the income and expenditure patterns of rich and poor household groups in China as compared to Russia.     

第一贷款人(Lender of First Resort, LFR)

利率(国家间的利差)如果上升,债务就会依据经济基本面的情况,自发产生滚雪球效应.这是市场的一个不完美之处,因为我们不能确保市场自身会远离"差的"均衡而达到"好的"均衡.我们提出了一个政策干预机制来解决国际间资本流动的结构性弱点.这个政策干预机制的基础是一个简单的分类,它把危机的根源分为三种信心(利差和货币危机)、基本面(实际增长率)和经济政策(初始赤字).然后,从理论上提出了"第一贷款人"(lender of first resort,以下简称LFR)适用的一些环境.本文提出的政策机制希望通过IMF的一些支持来增强事前激励,从而化解避免危机.本文还介绍了"集体行动条款"(collective action clauses---CACs)在减少自我实现性债务危机(self-fullfilling debt crises,文中有时也翻译为自发性债务危机)中的潜在作用.     

Sustainable mobility transitions and the challenge of countervailing trends: the case of personal aeromobility

Research on sustainable mobility transitions has focused on battery-electric vehicles, urban ‘smart’ cars, fuel-cell powered transport modes and power-assisted bicycles. While these studies have usefully exposed some of the dynamics governing sociotechnical change, developments outside the purview of sustainability have been largely ignored. A critical area of neglect concerns the growing popularity of personal aeromobility. Passenger dissatisfaction with commercial airlines, public concerns about terrorism, increasing affluence and creative marketing have expanded interest in private aviation. In parts of the USA, customised air travel is becoming a straightforward and affordable transport alternative. This article describes the mounting popularity of four segments of this trend: business/personal airplane acquisition, fractional aircraft ownership, flight-time cards and air taxis. It also highlights the role that the federal government is currently playing to overcome the technological obstacles to more pervasive personal aeromobility. A concluding section considers the ramifications of these activities on contemporary efforts to foster sustainable mobility and to conceptualise viable transition pathways.